Iyo wunvise 'Monel alloy ibice,' impapuro nyinshi zitanga amasoko gusa urutonde ASTM B164 UNS N04400 hanyuma ukomeze. Iri ni ikosa rya mbere. Mubyukuri, kwerekana Monel - yaba 400, K-500, cyangwa R-405 idasanzwe - ni umurongo wo gutangira. Ikibazo nyacyo gitangira mugihe ukeneye ikintu kitarwanya gusa kwangirika kwamazi yo mu nyanja cyangwa igitero cya caustic ariko kandi kikaba gifite kwihanganira imyanya nyayo munsi yumutwaro, cyangwa ufite ubuzima bwumunaniro bwizewe mubisabwa na valve. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi binanirana kuko intego yibanze gusa kumanota yibikoresho, ntabwo ari uburyo ihinduka kuva ingot yemewe ikajya mubice byarangiye, bikora. Ikinyuranyo hagati yicyamamare cya alloy nicyamamare gifatika cyo gukora niho imishinga yatsindiye cyangwa yatakaye.
Uburiganya Bworoshye bwo Kurwanya Ruswa
Buriwese azi ko Monel ari kubidukikije byangirika. Ariko kubora ni ijambo ryagutse. Twari dufite umukiriya muri peteroli na gaze yo hanze ikeneye abimura. Basobanuye Monel 400 yo kurwanya amazi yo mu nyanja, byari byo. Icyiciro cya mbere cyatsinze ibizamini bya ASTM bisanzwe. Nyamara, bananiwe mu murima mu mezi atandatu. Ikibazo? Serivisi ntiyari ituje gusa, ibidukikije byo mu nyanja; yari amazi yinyanja yuzuyemo ibice byumucanga byangiza, bitemba umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibikoresho byarwanyaga ruswa muri rusange neza, ariko twabonye isuri-ruswa ikabije kumpande ziyobora. Isomo ntabwo ryari uko Monel yibeshye, ariko ko kuyikoresha yari ikeneye ubundi buryo - wenda amanota akomeye nka K-500 binyuze mu gusaza, cyangwa guhindura igishushanyo mbonera kugirango uhindure imbaraga. Aha niho uburambe bwumushinga bufite akamaro kuruta agatabo kabo.
Iyi sano ihuza imashini. Monel akazi-gakomeye. Niba umucuruzi wawe ukora imashini abifata nka 316 idafite umwanda, bari mwisi yababaye. Ibikoresho bishaje inshuro eshatu byihuse niba utabonye ibiryo, umuvuduko, hamwe na coolant neza. Ndibuka icyiciro cya Monel umubiri wa valve aho iduka ryakoresheje geometrie itari yo. Igisubizo ntabwo cyahise gitsindwa nigikoresho, ahubwo cyoroshye akazi gakomye kurwego rwo gufunga. Yatsinze ibizamini byumuvuduko ubanza, ariko munsi yumukino wo gusiganwa ku bushyuhe, micro-crack yatangiriye kuri kiriya cyiciro. Kunanirwa byari byoroshye kandi bihenze. Nibikorwa bitagaragara inzira itandukanya igice cyimikorere nigice cyizewe.
Niyo mpamvu gufatanya nu ruganda ubona urunigi rwuzuye - kuva gushonga kugeza kumashini - ntibishobora kuganirwaho. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugukina no gutunganya, mubisanzwe bifite ubu bumenyi bwashinze imizi. Urashobora kubona uburyo bwabo burambuye kurubuga rwabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Ntabwo ari ukugira imashini ya CNC gusa; ni ukumenya ko ibipimo byo gutunganya ibishishwa byakozwe na Monel bishobora gukenera guhinduka ugereranije nibyavuye mu ishoramari kubera itandukaniro rito muburyo bwimiterere nubunini bwubuso.
Uburyo bwo Gutera: Umushoferi utavuzwe
Guhitamo hagati yikibabi nigishoro cyo gushora Ibice bya Monel ntabwo ari imyitozo yikiguzi gusa. Kubintu byoroheje, binini byamazu ya pompe, byateguwe neza ibishishwa bikozwe mububiko bwizewe birahagije rwose kandi byubukungu. Ubusugire bwashonga hamwe nubwiza bwumucanga ubumba birakomeye. Umwanda wose wa sulfure uri mu mucanga uzangiza igice cyo kwangirika kwangirika hejuru.
Nyamara, kubintu bigoye, bikikijwe n'inkuta nkibice bya sisitemu ya peteroli yo mu kirere cyangwa imbere ya reaction ya chimique imbere, gushora imari ninzira yonyine ishobora kubaho. Ibipimo byukuri hamwe nubuso birangiye birarenze, bigabanya ingano yimashini ikurikira kuri ibi bikoresho bikomeye. Ariko dore gufata: Monel irimo nikel nyinshi ituma ikunda kwibasirwa nishoramari nka micro-porosity niba ubushyuhe bwo kwisuka hamwe nubushyuhe mbere yubushyuhe bidakorewe muburyo bwuzuye. Amaduka mashya kuri nikel nyinshi cyane ashobora kubyara igice gisa neza ariko cyananiwe kugenzura X-ray.
QSY ibikorwa byigihe kirekire muri byombi Igikonoshwa na gushora imari, nkuko byavuzwe mu ntangiriro yabo, byerekana ko bashobora kuba barayoboye iyi mitego. Ubu bushobozi bubiri ninyungu zingenzi. Barashobora gutanga inama yuburyo bwa tekiniki nubukungu aho gusunika imwe bafite gusa. Kubashushanya, iyi nama yatanzwe ni ntagereranywa mugihe cya DFM (Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora).
Imashini irangiza: Aho ibintu bihura nukuri
Imashini ya CNC niho amahame yimiterere ya alloy arangije kwemezwa. Igice cya Monel kirashobora gutabwa neza kandi kiracyangirika hasi. Amategeko ya mbere ni disipuline yuzuye. Nta gutura, nta guhagarikwa guhagaritswe keretse bibaye ngombwa rwose. Twahoraga dushimangira ibikoresho bishya, byeguriwe imirimo ya Monel - nta ruganda rurangiza-ruva mu mirimo y'ibyuma bya karubone.
Ubuso bwo kurangiza ibisabwa ni indi ngingo ikomeye. 32 Ra microinch irangiza irashobora gutomorwa hejuru yikimenyetso. Kugera kuri Monel bisaba inzira yuburyo bwitondewe: gukomeretsa, kurangiza igice, hanyuma ukarangiza ukoresheje igikoresho gityaye cyane, cyiza-rake ukoresheje umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nibiryo bike. Noneho, kenshi, intambwe yanyuma yo guterana cyangwa gusya. Gusimbuka icyiciro icyo ari cyo cyose cyangwa kugerageza gufata ibintu byinshi murwego rwo kurangiza bizatera akazi gukomera no gusiga ibintu byemewe ariko bikora neza.
Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, kugabanya imihangayiko nyuma yo gutunganya ibintu ni intambwe amaduka menshi agerageza kureka kugirango abike umwanya. Kubice-byuzuye-cyane cyane muri Monel K-500, iyi ni urusimbi. Ibisigisigi bisigaye biterwa no gukara birashobora kugoreka igice mugihe cyo gutunganya bwa nyuma cyangwa nyuma muri serivisi. Nibiciro bya kera hamwe nicyemezo cyuko umukanishi w'inararibonye azahita yerekana ibendera.
Icyemezo cyibikoresho no gukurikiranwa: Inzira yimpapuro
Iki nigice kirambiranye, cyingenzi. Kubucuruzi-urwego rwubucuruzi, MTR isanzwe (Raporo yikizamini cya Mill) irashobora kuba ihagije. Ariko kuri ASME, API, cyangwa ibisobanuro bya gisirikare, ukeneye ibisobanuro byuzuye. Ibyo bivuze ko icyemezo cya Monel alloy bar cyangwa ingot bigomba gukurikiza ibikoresho muri buri ntambwe. Uruganda rubishoboye nka QSY, ukora idasanzwe buri gihe, izaba ifite sisitemu kuriyi. Ugomba gushobora gukurikirana flange yarangije gusubira kumubare wubushyuhe bwumwimerere ushonga.
Nagize uruhare mu isesengura ryananiwe aho igice cya chimie kitari cyihariye kubirimo umuringa - byari ku mpera yo hasi cyane. Mugihe tekiniki muburyo bwihariye, yahinduye icyiciro gihamye gato, igabanya guhindagurika mubidukikije byumuriro. Hatabayeho gukurikiranwa byuzuye, kwerekana intandaro nkikibazo cyibintu bitandukanye nikibazo cyo gukora ntibyashoboka. Noneho, burigihe dusubiramo imibare nyayo ya MTR, ntabwo kashe gusa.
Kugerageza Kunanirwa no Kwiyunga kwa Pragmatic
Ntabwo buri nkuru ya Monel igenda neza. Kera kare, twagerageje gusunika imipaka hamwe na monolithic, ishoramari-Monel 400 inteko yo kuvanga imiti. Igishushanyo cyari cyiza, kigabanya ibice byinshi byo gusudira mo kimwe. Yataye neza, ariko mugihe cya hydro-test, yacitse kumurongo wimbere yibanda kumurongo twirengagije. Gukosora ntabwo kwari uguhindura ibikoresho, ahubwo ni ugusubira mubishushanyo byibice bibiri bifatanije na Monel-weld weld wire. Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira yonyine yatwaye ibyumweru bibiri. Ubwiza bwigishushanyo bwatanzwe kugirango bwizere. Rimwe na rimwe, uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha imbaraga zivanze cyane ni ukumenya igihe cyo gutandukanya igishushanyo mbonera kugirango gikorwe kandi kigenzurwe.
Ubundi kumvikana bisanzwe ni kwihanganira. Abashushanya akenshi bahamagarira kwihanganira imashini ikwiranye nicyuma cyubutaka bwuzuye kubintu byose bigize igice cya Monel. Ibi birashobora kwikuba inshuro eshatu igihe cyo gutunganya nigiciro bitewe no gukenera byinshi, byoroshye kurangiza. Uburyo bufatika ni ukumenya ibintu byingenzi bikora - ibipimo bifunga kashe, isura yo guhuza - kandi ugashyiraho kwihanganira gukomeye. Ku bipimo by'amabahasha adakomeye, gufungura kwihanganira urwego rushimishije rwo gutara no gutunganya imashini irashobora kugabanya ibiciro 30% cyangwa birenga nta gutakaza imikorere. Nibiganiro bigomba kubaho hakiri kare.
Umwanzuro: Ninzira, ntabwo ari Kugura
Kurangiza, gushakisha byizewe Monel ibice ni bijyanye no kwishora mubikorwa byo gukora, ntabwo gutanga PO gusa. Bitangirana nubuhanga buvugishije ukuri hamwe nuwaguhaye isoko kubijyanye na serivisi nyayo, ntabwo ari ibintu bifatika gusa. Harimo gusuzuma gahunda yabo yo gutara no gutunganya, no gusobanukirwa amarembo meza. Ibigo byahinduye ibihe byo kwiga, nka QSY hamwe namateka yimyaka 30, bitanga ikigega cyubumenyi bwa tacit butari kumpapuro zose. Birashoboka ko babonye isuri-ruswa yananiwe, barwanya akazi gakomeye, kandi banonosora ibipimo byabo byo gushora imari binyuze mubigeragezo no kwibeshya. Intego ni ugukoresha ubwo bunararibonye, ibice byawe rero ntabwo ari urubuga rwuburambe bwabo bwo kwiga, ahubwo ni gihamya yamasomo bamaze kwiga. Igice kigera kuri dock yawe kigomba kumva nkibisubizo byanze bikunze, byizewe byubumenyi bwimbitse bwimbitse.
