Iyo wunvise 'ibice-bikomeye-imbaraga', igitekerezo cyahise gisimbuka kumibare ihindagurika kurupapuro rwamakuru - UTS, gutanga imbaraga, wenda kuramba. Ngiyo intangiriro, byanze bikunze, ariko niho imishinga myinshi, cyane cyane kubakiriya bashya kugeza inganda ziremereye cyangwa gusaba ibisabwa, byikubye. Bazaza bafite amanota yibikoresho, vuga 4340 cyangwa 17-4 PH, hanyuma bakeka ko imikorere y igice yemewe. Ukuri, igice cyananiwe cyangwa cyatsinzwe hasi yububiko cyangwa mumurima, cyahimbwe muguhuza ibintu bidahwitse byibintu, inzira, nigishushanyo mbonera. Ntabwo bijyanye gusa nicyuma icyo aricyo, ahubwo nicyo ubikora nuburyo ubikora.
Urufatiro: Itangirana na Casting
Ntushobora gukora imashini imbaraga zitari zihari kugirango utangire. Iri ni ryo tegeko ry'ingenzi. Kuri twe, byinshi muribi ibice bikomeye Tangira nka casting. Fata ibishishwa by'ibishishwa - ntabwo ari ugukora ishusho gusa. Kumashanyarazi ya hydraulic cyangwa inzu ya pompe ikeneye gukemura 5000+ PSI irambye, ubunyangamugayo bwambere bwa casting nibintu byose. Ububabare ntabwo ari inenge yo hejuru ushobora gukora imashini kure; ni intumbero yibitekerezo itegereje gutangiza igikuba munsi yikizunguruka. Twarabibonye. Igice cyatsinze ibizamini byose bihamye, hanyuma bikananirana mugupima umunaniro nyuma yibihumbi bike. Nyirabayazana? Agace gato ko kugabanuka mu gice gikomeye cy'urukuta, kitagaragara kugeza igihe uciye igice. Niyo mpamvu kugenzura inzira mubishingwe atari ikiguzi; ni politiki yubwishingizi kubice byose byubuzima bwa serivisi.
Gushora imari bikwegera kuri net imiterere hamwe nubuso bwiza burangiye, nibyiza kuri geometrike igoye ibice bikomeye nka turbine cyangwa ibyuma. Ariko hano, igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu nigipimo cyo gukonjesha gihinduka ibintu bikomeye. Shakisha uburyo bukurikirana butari bwo, kandi utangiza imihangayiko y'imbere cyangwa microstructural idahuye kuburyo nta buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bushobora gukosora byimazeyo. Nubuhanzi bworoshye. Ntabwo usuka ibyuma gusa mugikonoshwa ceramic; urimo kuyobora uburyo bihinduka biva mumazi bihinduka bikomeye, ingano kubinyampeke. Iyo miterere nigitanda cyimbaraga zayo.
Kandi ibinyomoro ubwabyo-aha niho imyaka 30. Iva. Ibisanzwe 316 bitagira umwanda ukajya mu cyiciro cyimvura igwa nka 17-4PH, cyangwa mukarere kavanze na nikel nka Inconel 718, bihindura umukino wose. Ibi bikoresho ntibibabarira. Ibyabo imbaraga nyinshi ubushobozi burafunzwe inyuma ya protocole yihariye yo kuvura. Kurugero, hamwe na 17-4PH, itandukaniro riri hagati ya H900 na H1150 ntabwo ari ksi nkeya; ni ihinduka ryuzuye mubisobanuro bya porogaramu-imwe ishyigikira imbaraga ntarengwa, indi irwanya ruswa kandi ikomeye. Gusaba ibitari byo kuko nibisanzwe ni ikosa rya kera. Ugomba kubaza: ibidukikije bikora ni ibihe? Numutwaro wubukanishi, cyangwa hariho gusiganwa ku magare, kubora, gukuramo? Imbaraga-nyinshi zisabwa ntizigera mu cyuho.
Imbyino yo Gukora: Gukuraho Ibikoresho Utabangamiye Ubunyangamugayo
Ngiyo stade aho gukina neza bihinduka igice kinini, cyangwa bikangirika. CNC ikora ibice bikomeye ntabwo ari ibintu byoroshye byo gukora progaramu. Imyitwarire isigaye muri casting mbisi cyangwa impimbano yuzuye ni ikarita ihishe. Fata gukata cyane muburyo butari bwo, kandi urashobora gukuramo igice muburyo butandukanye nkuko ubikora, cyangwa birushijeho kuba bibi, bitera impagarara nshya zizashira nyuma mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye mumyaka yashize kumurongo wibyuma binini byuma byuma. Yabikoresheje neza, yohereza hanze. Bagarutse nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, kubera kwihanganira bake muri bo. Kugabanuka kumatanura kureka ibikoresho bikagenda muburyo bushya. Noneho, dukoresha ingamba zifatika zikurikirana, dusiga ububiko bwuzuye, kandi akenshi dushyiramo uruziga rwo kugabanya ibibazo mbere yuko imashini yanyuma irangira. Yongeyeho intambwe, ariko ikiza icyiciro cyose.
Guhitamo ibikoresho hamwe ningamba zo gukonjesha biba ingirakamaro hamwe nuruvange rukomeye. Gukoresha karbide rusange winjizamo amavuta ya cobalt bizatwika igikoresho muminota mike kandi bigakomera hejuru, bigatuma inzira ikurikira irushaho gukomera kandi ishobora kwangiza imiterere yubutaka. Ukeneye gushiraho gukomeye, ibyiza bya rake geometrie, rimwe na rimwe nibikoresho bya CBN cyangwa PCD. Kandi gukonjesha ntabwo ari ugukonjesha gusa; ni iyo kwimura chip. Uruhande rwubatswe cyangwa chip ya recut irashobora guhindura ubuso, bigatera ikindi kintu gito gitera impungenge. Kuri sosiyete nka QSY, kubungabunga isomero ryimbitse ryingamba zo gukoresha ibikoresho hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye - kuva ibyuma bikozwe muri Inconel - ni ngombwa nkimashini ubwazo. Nubumenyi bwa tacit bwubatswe kuva mumasaha ibihumbi hasi, ntabwo bivuye mumfashanyigisho. Urashobora kubona bimwe muburyo bwacu kuri izi mbogamizi zanditswe mubushakashatsi bwakozwe kurubuga rwacu kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Noneho hariho ikibazo cyibintu. Inguni zikomeye imbere ni umwanzi wa ibice bikomeye. Nibitekerezo byuzuye. Tumara umwanya munini mugusubiramo ibishushanyo mbonera, tukunganira radiyo yuzuye yuzuye, nubwo bigoye inzira yinzira. Rimwe na rimwe, umukiriya wa CAD yerekana umukiriya mwiza, utyaye cyane birashoboka ko imashini ishobora gukora imashini ntoya. Tugomba gusubiza inyuma: Iyo mfuruka izaba ingingo yo gutsindwa. Reka tuyirangure, niyo yaba R0.5mm gusa. Nibiganiro bihoraho hagati yuburyo bwiza kandi bushobora gukorwa, bwizewe.
Kuvura Ubushyuhe: Alchemy yimbaraga
Niba gutunganya ari igishushanyo, kuvura ubushyuhe ni umuhango uzana ubuzima. Aha niho hagaragara ibintu bifatika bigerwaho. Kandi ni kure yugushiraho no kwibagirwa kuzenguruka. Kuzimya itangazamakuru - amavuta, amazi, polymer, ikirere - bifite uburemere butandukanye cyane. Zimya ibintu bigoye igice kinini byihuse cyane, kandi ushobora guhitanwa no kugoreka bikabije. Biratinda cyane, kandi ntubona ibyifuzo bya martensitike wifuzwa mubyuma, bigusigira intoki yoroshye.
Dufatanya n'amaduka yihariye yo kuvura ubushyuhe, ariko ntabwo twohereza ibishushanyo gusa. Dutanga amabwiriza arambuye yuburyo bushingiye kuri geometrie yigice hamwe na alloy. Kubice-byimbitse-igice gito-cyuma cyicyuma, turashobora kwerekana inzira yahagaritswe cyangwa marquench kugirango tugabanye ubushyuhe bwumuriro. Ku mvura-ikomera idafite umwanda, igihe-ubushyuhe bwo kugabanuka bwo gusaza ni cyera; gutandukana kwa 10 ° C cyangwa iminota 15 birashobora guhindura ubukana no gukomera kuburyo bugaragara. Ndibuka umushinga wibintu byo mu nyanja aho kurwanya umunyu-spray kurwanya ruswa byari ingenzi nkimbaraga zumusaruro. Ubushyuhe bwa H900 kuri 17-4PH bwaduhaye imbaraga ariko dusiga imipaka irwanya ruswa. Twagombaga kugerageza nubusaza burenze (hafi ya H1150) hanyuma duhindura amafaranga yimashini kugirango tubare ibiciro bitandukanye byo gukuraho ibintu nyuma yubuvuzi. Cyari igikorwa cyo kuringaniza, ariko cyatanze igice cyakoraga.
Kugenzura ntabwo biganirwaho. Impamyabumenyi yatanzwe nubushyuhe ni intangiriro, ariko kubice byingenzi byubutumwa, akenshi dukora igenzura ryacu bwite - ibizamini byo gukomera mubice bitandukanye byicyitegererezo, cyangwa ndetse no kohereza ama coupons avuye mumuriro umwe kugirango bipimishe byuzuye. Urizera, ariko urabigenzura. Igiciro cyananiwe muri serivisi dwarfs ikiguzi cyiyi mirimo yinyongera.
Ikiburanwa: A Gear Hub Hafi ya
Imyaka mike ishize, umukiriya yaje iwacu afite ibikoresho byananiranye biva mumashanyarazi aremereye. Umwimerere wari isuderi yahimbwe yamenetse muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe. Bashakaga monolithic, imbaraga nyinshi gusimburwa. Icyifuzo cyahamagariye ASTM Icyuma gihindagurika (90 ksi tensile) gifite ingaruka zikomeye ku bushyuhe buke. Gukina ubwabyo, ukoresheje ibishushanyo mbonera kugirango bigerweho neza, byari byoroshye kuri twe kuri QSY. Ikibazo cyari ugutunganya n'imiterere yanyuma.
Igice cyari gifite flange nini, yoroheje. Urutonde rwambere rwo gutunganya, rushingiye kumyitozo isanzwe, byaviriyemo intambara ntoya ariko itemewe nyuma yo gutambuka. Tugomba gusubira inyuma, tukongera gushushanya ibice kugirango dushyigikire flange mugihe cyose, kandi dufate ingamba zo guca gahoro, kuringaniza. Nyuma haje kuvurwa ubushyuhe. Kugirango tugere ku gukomera, byari bikenewe kuzimya no kurakara, ariko twahangayikishijwe no kugoreka flange. Twakoranye nubuvuzi bwogushushanya kugirango dushushanye igikoresho cyagumisha igice gihagaritse mugihe cyo kuzimya kugirango tumenye gukonja kimwe. Byari intambwe yinyongera, ikiguzi cyinyongera, ariko cyakoze. Ibice byahuye nibikoresho byose bya mashini kandi byakoraga nta kibazo. Uwo mushinga, kimwe nabandi benshi, wavunaguye muri portfolio yacu kurubuga rwa Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Nurugero rwiza rwukuntu imbaraga-ndende ari urugendo, ntabwo ariho ujya uhitamo gusa ibintu kurutonde.
Gukuramo ibyo, no mubindi bicuruzwa bitabarika, ni ugutanga kwizerwa rwose igice kinini bisaba gufata neza ibikorwa byose - kuva chimie yashonze mumushinga kugeza ubugenzuzi bwa nyuma - nka sisitemu imwe, ihuriweho. Intege nke muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose zibangamira urunigi rwose. Ntushobora kugenzura ubuziranenge mubice; ugomba kuyubaka, intambwe ku ntambwe igenzurwa.
Ibintu byabantu hamwe no kumva inzira
Hanyuma, hari ikintu kidafatika spes idafata. Nyuma yimyaka mirongo muri ubu bucuruzi, kuri QSY na mbere, utezimbere ubwoko bwimyumvire. Umukanishi w'inararibonye arashobora kumva impinduka mugukata-guhinduranya gato-kumubwira ko igikoresho gitangiye gucogora cyangwa ibikoresho bifite ahantu hakomeye. Umutekinisiye wumushinga arashobora kureba imigendekere yicyuma muburyo no kumva niba ubushyuhe buri hasi. Ibi ntabwo ari amayobera; ni imiterere yo kumenyekana yavutse kubiganza-gusubiramo.
Iyi myumvire iramenyesha guhamagarwa. Iyo ikizamini cya ultrasonic cyerekana akantu gato, konyine ko guhagarara mukarere kadakomeye ka casting nini, ukuraho igice cyamadorari 10,000? Igipimo gishobora kuvuga yego. Ariko ukurikije aho uherereye, icyerekezo cyimyitwarire, hamwe numutekano wa porogaramu, injeniyeri w'inararibonye arashobora kubyemeza akoresheje inoti, abika umushinga. Ibinyuranye, ubuso busa neza bushobora kwangwa kuko igipimo cyibiryo byo gutunganya cyari hejuru cyane, gishobora kwangiza isi. Ibi byemezo niho reberi ihurira n'umuhanda. Bashingiye kumyumvire yimbitse, hafi yimitekerereze yukuntu ibice bikomeye ubeho kandi upfe mubyukuri, gusobanukirwa QSY yakuze kubikorwa byayo birebire mugukina no gutunganya.
Noneho, iyo tuvuze ibice bikomeye, turavuga rwose kuri filozofiya yo kugenzura no gusobanukirwa, ikoreshwa murwego rwinzira igoye. Nibijyanye no guhuza utudomo hagati ya metallurgie, thermodynamic, injeniyeri yubukanishi, hamwe nububiko bwububiko bwubwenge. Urupapuro rwamakuru ni amasezerano; ibintu byose bibaho nyuma yicyemezo gishyizwe ni ugutanga ayo masezerano. Kandi ibyo gutanga ntabwo, byikora.
