Iyo wunvise 'Incoloy tube,' ikintu cya mbere kigaragara ni urupapuro rwamakuru - imiterere ya austenitis, imiterere ya nikel-fer-chromium, irwanya okiside. Ariko iyo niyo ntangiriro. Inkuru nyayo itangira mugihe ugerageza kuyunama, kuyisudira, cyangwa kuyisunika kumipaka yayo muri serivise nziza. Nabonye imishinga myinshi isitara kuko bafataga spec nkijambo ryanyuma. Umuryango wa alloy, nka Incoloy 800H cyangwa Incoloy 825, iguha urwego, ariko imyitwarire yigituba igenwa namateka yayo yose - kuva kumaduka yashonga kugeza kuvura ubushyuhe bwa nyuma. Kubona ubwo burenganzira niho imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo yo gushinga no gutunganya, nkibyo usanga mu kigo nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), mubyukuri bifite akamaro.
Ibikorwa byo Kwirengagiza Byirengagijwe
Reka tuvuge kubijyanye na casting kuriyi tubes, cyane cyane kubikoresho bigoye cyangwa ibice bikikijwe. Hamwe no gushora imari, QSY imaze imyaka irenga 30 ikora, kugenzura imiterere yingano ni ngombwa kuri an Incoloy tube. Ntabwo ari ugusuka gusa gushonga. Igikonoshwa cyibikoresho, ubushyuhe bwabanjirije ubushyuhe, igipimo cyo gukonja - gutandukana gato hano birashobora gutangiza micro-gutandukanya ibintu nka titanium cyangwa aluminium mubyiciro nka 800H. Ibi ntabwo buri gihe bigaragara ku kizamini gisanzwe cya PMI, ariko bizaguhiga mugihe cya serivise yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, biganisha ku gutangira imburagihe. Ndibuka icyiciro cyimitwe myinshi yagumye kunanirwa ibizamini bya hydro kuri weld; nyirabayazana yakomotse ku gukonja kudahuye mu cyiciro cyo gushora imari, bituma habaho ibibazo by’ibanze ntawatekereje kugenzura.
Noneho hariho gutunganya. Abantu bakeka ko kuberako nikel ivanze, ujugunya karbide gusa kandi wizeye ibyiza. Iyo ni inzira yihuse kubikoresho byangiritse hamwe nakazi gakomeye. Gukora chip igizwe na Incoloy birashobora kuba inzozi. Ukeneye gushiraho ibintu bikomeye, impande zombi zifata ibyemezo, hamwe nicyemezo cyo kumenya ibijyanye no gukonjesha - rimwe na rimwe umwuzure mwinshi urakenewe, ikindi gihe kubikorwa bimwe na bimwe, ushobora kujya hafi-yumutse kugirango wirinde ibibazo. Intego ni ukugera kuri ubwo buso burangiye udashyizemo imihangayiko, ihinduka urubuga rwo gutangiriraho guhagarika ruswa nyuma. Nukumva utera imbere, ntabwo arikintu ukura mubitabo.
Nyuma yo guta ubushyuhe bwo kuvura nubundi bucukuzi. Igisubizo annealing yo kugabanya imihangayiko irasanzwe, ariko kuzimya hagati n'umuvuduko nibintu byose. Kuzimya amazi? Amavuta? Umwuka uhatirwa? Biterwa nigice cyubugari bwigituba. Urukuta runini Incoloy 825 umuyoboro wazimye cyane urashobora gutera cyangwa gucika. Buhoro buhoro, kandi ushobora guhura nimvura ya karbide kumupaka wingano, ugatsinda intego yayo yo kwangirika. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye kumushinga wa geothermal, aho imiyoboro yananiwe kugenzura nyuma yibyo twatekerezaga ko ari anneal yigitabo. Umutwaro w'itanura wari mwinshi cyane, ukora imyirondoro yubushyuhe butaringaniye. Byari isomo rihenze mubipimo no kugenzura inzira.
Kuzenguruka: Aho Igitekerezo gihurira nu muriro
Aha niho reberi ihurira n'umuhanda. Umuntu wese avuga kubyerekeye gukoresha ibyuma byuzuza, ariko imyiteguro ni 90% yintambara. Kuri an Incoloy tube, isura ya bevel hamwe na diametre y'imbere (ID) igomba kuba ifite isuku itagira inenge - kandi simvuze kubihanagura. Ibice byose byashizwemo ibyuma biva mubikoresho byabanjirije cyangwa kubikoresha (gusya umukungugu uva mubyuma bya karubone hafi ni ibintu byanduye) bizatera ibyuma muri pisine. Ibi birashobora kugabanya cyane kurwanya ruswa muri zone ya weld, bigakora anode nziza yibitero bya galvanic muri serivisi.
Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa interpass ntibishobora kuganirwaho ariko akenshi birakurikiranwa. Kureka umuyoboro ugashyuha cyane hagati yinzira, cyane cyane ahantu hagabanijwe, birashobora gutuma imikurire ikabije cyane muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe (HAZ). Aka gace noneho gahinduka ihuriro ridakomeye, ridahinduka kandi rikunda gucika munsi yumukino wo gusiganwa ku magare. Nabonye abasudira bagerageza kwihutisha sock weld ku muyoboro muto wa diameter Incoloy, wirengagije kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe, gusa kugira ngo weld yameneke byumvikane mugihe cyo gukonja. Byumvikane nkakantu gato 'ping' - ijwi ryibikorwa.
Gusukura inyuma ni indi dogma. Kubituba bitwaje itangazamakuru ryangirika, gushyigikira argon byuzuye nibyingenzi kugirango wirinde isukari (okiside) kumasaro ya ID weld. Ariko ingano nigipimo cyingirakamaro. Umuvuduko mwinshi kandi uhita unyura mumuzi yawe; bike cyane ukabona umuzi wuzuye, wanduye. Kumashanyarazi maremare, twakoresheje ingomero zogusukura zishonga, amasosiyete azobereye mugutunganya no guhimba nka QSY yaba amenyereye, kubungabunga gaze no kurinda ubwishingizi. Nuburiganya bworoshye, ariko kubyibagirwa bibangamira ubunyangamugayo bwose imbere.
Umutego wo guhitamo ibikoresho
Ikosa risanzwe ni ugusubiramo icyiciro kizwi cyane, nka Incoloy 800H, Kuri Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru Porogaramu utitaye kubidukikije byuzuye. Nibyo, ifite imbaraga nyinshi no kurwanya karburizasi. Ariko niba ibidukikije bifite na sulferi nyinshi, ushobora guhabwa serivisi nziza hamwe na nikel yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Impapuro zamakuru zerekana urutonde rwingenzi, ariko abicanyi bucece ni umwanda muto mubikorwa. Isesengura ryananiwe Nagize uruhare mubitero bya sulfidation yibituba 800H mu itanura rivugurura; isesengura ryamatungo yari yarahindutse gato, kandi ntamuntu numwe wongeye gusuzuma ibikoresho bikwiye.
Noneho hariho umukino wo gusimbuza ibiciro. Umuntu abona 'nikel-ishingiye' hanyuma akibwira ko austenitike ihendutse nka 304H ishobora gukora. Kubikorwa bimwe byo hasi-ubushyuhe bwo kwangirika, birashoboka. Ariko kubwumunaniro wukuri wumuriro hamwe no kurwanya creep, microstructure ya Incoloy iratandukanye cyane. Uburyo bukomeza imbaraga ziva kuri aluminium / titanium (mubyiciro bitagoranye imyaka) cyangwa igisubizo gikomeye gishimangira kuva molybdenum n'umuringa (muri Incoloy 825) ntabwo ari inyongera gusa. Nibicuruzwa. Guhitamo umuyoboro ni uguhuza imiterere ya metallurgiki nuburyo bwo kunanirwa ugerageza gukumira.
Aha niho gufatanya nuwabitanze yumva urugendo rwibikoresho ni urufunguzo. Isosiyete ikora ibintu byose uhereye kubishishwa byerekana ishusho mbisi kugeza kuri CNC ya nyuma yo gutunganya imiyoboro ya flanges na flanges, nka QSY, ifite igaragara mumurongo wose. Ntabwo barimo guca umuyoboro gusa; basobanukiwe nuburyo bwo gutara, niba bihari, bigira ingaruka hejuru yimashini, cyangwa uburyo ubushyuhe bwo kuva murusyo bushobora gukorana nigikorwa cyo gusudira nyuma. Ibyo bitekerezo byuzuye birinda urutoki rwinshi nyuma.
Gushyira mu bikorwa-Isi no Kunanirwa
Mu guhanahana ubushyuhe, imiyoboro ni maraso yubuzima. Nakoze kuri shell-na-tube ibice aho Incoloy tube bundle yasobanuwe neza, ariko uburyo bwo gusudira bwa tube-to-tubesheet bwari nyuma yo gutekereza. Kwaguka gutandukanya imiyoboro ya Incoloy na tubesheet ya karubone itera guhangayika cyane. Ukeneye ibisobanuro birambuye byo gusudira, akenshi hamwe nimbaraga zisudira zikurikirwa na kashe ya kashe, ndetse rimwe na rimwe ndetse no kwaguka guturika kwumuyoboro mumpapuro kugirango ukemure iyo mihangayiko. Simbuka kuri izi ntambwe, hanyuma uzabona gutemba ku ngingo muri buke ya mbere yubushyuhe.
Indi ngingo ififitse ni umunaniro uterwa no kunyeganyega. Amavuta ya Inconel akunze guhitamo kubwibi, ariko imiyoboro ya Incoloy mumwanya muremure, idashyigikiwe, tuvuge ko umushyitsi wirukanye ushobora no kubabara. Ntabwo buri gihe ari mubishushanyo mbonera kugirango ugenzure acoustic vibration cyangwa flux-iterwa na vibration frequency. Twagize ikibazo aho banki ya Incoloy 825 tubes mumashanyarazi yubushyuhe yateje imbere hafi yinkunga. Intandaro yari inshuro yumvikana yashyizweho na gazi, ikintu cyisesengura ryoroshye nticyigeze gifata. Gukosora birimo kongeramo hagati-hagati bifasha guhindura inshuro karemano - igisubizo cyoroshye cyubukanishi kubintu bigoye bya metallurgji.
Ubugenzuzi numurongo wawe wanyuma wo kwirwanaho. Kwipimisha irangi (PT) nibyiza kubice byo hejuru, ariko kuri Imiyoboro, cyane cyane nyuma yo gusudira, Ndi umushyigikire wa eddy igeragezwa (ECT) kuri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe. Irashobora gufata ubutaka budasanzwe no gutandukana mubintu bifatika PT yabuze. Igeragezwa rya Ultrasonic (UT) ninziza kubwububiko bwurukuta nubusembwa bukabije, ariko kuyishyiraho neza kugirango imiterere yimbuto nini yimiterere ya castolo cyangwa isudira ya Incoloy bisaba guhagarika kalibrasi yihariye ikozwe mubintu bisa. Gukoresha ibyuma bisanzwe biguha ibyasomwe byizewe. Nibyo byihariye bitandukanya QA ikwiye imyitozo yimpapuro.
Kurangiza Ibitekerezo: Nibikorwa, ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa
Noneho, mugihe ushakisha cyangwa ugaragaza an Incoloy tube, ntabwo ugura gusa uburebure bwangirika bwangirika. Urimo kugura ubunyangamugayo mubikorwa byose byakozwe. Imyitozo yo gushonga, ibipimo byo gutara, umurongo wo gutunganya ubushyuhe, ingamba zo gutunganya, hamwe nuburyo bwo gusudira byose byatetse mubikorwa byanyuma. Ntushobora kugenzura ubuziranenge mu muyoboro wakozwe nabi kuva ugitangira.
Iyi niyo mpamvu imiterere yabatanga isoko. Isosiyete ifite imizi yimbitse mu gutunganya no gutunganya, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., izana iyo mitekerereze ishingiye ku nzira. Birashoboka ko bahuye nintambara mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe, kwambara ibikoresho mugihe cyo gutunganya, hamwe nibibazo bikwiye mugihe cyo guhimba. Ubunararibonye busobanura ibicuruzwa byizewe kuko basobanukiwe nibihinduka. Urashobora kubona uburyo bwabo bwo gukorana nudusimba twihariye nkibi kurubuga rwabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Mukurangiza, urupapuro rwerekana rukugeza mumupira. Ariko kugumisha ibibyimba bya Incoloy bigenda byizerwa mumyaka mirongo biza kumurongo wubumenyi, amaboko yubumenyi bwukuntu ibikoresho bitwara mugihe bitameze neza, laboratoire. Nijyanye no kumenya ibibazo bitari mu gatabo. Ngiyo itandukaniro riri hagati yigituba cyujuje code nigituba kimara gusa.
