Iyo umuntu avuze Incoloy 800, ikintu cya mbere gikunze kuza mubitekerezo ni urupapuro rwamakuru: imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru, imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, nikel-fer-chromium ivanze. Ariko mumaduka yo gushinga no gutunganya imashini, niyo ntangiriro. Inkuru nyayo iri mu cyuho kiri hagati yikigereranyo nijwi ryumvikana, ubushyuhe, hamwe na rimwe na rimwe, gutesha umutwe. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi bifata nkibitonyanga-bisimbuza 304H cyangwa 825, kandi niho hatangirira umutwe.
Umukino wa Casting: Fluidity vs Ubunyangamugayo
Kasting Incoloy 800, cyane cyane binyuze munzira yo gushora imari, niho utandukanya ibitekerezo nibikorwa. Amavuta afite igipimo gito cyo gukonjesha, kikaba cyiza cyo kugabanya ububobere bwo kugabanuka, ariko ububobere bwacyo iyo bishongeshejwe burashobora kuba bworoshye. Ntushobora kubona ibintu byoroshye byuma bya karubone. Mubikorwa byacu byububiko muri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), twize guhindura ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe kubibabi bikabije. Gusuka kubyo igitabo kivuga akenshi biganisha ku gufunga ubukonje mu bice bito by'ibice bigoye, nk'ibikoresho bigoye cyane bya firimowell cyangwa nozzle ya burner duhora dukora.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu kiba ingirakamaro. Ntabwo ari ugutanga ibyuma gusa; nibijyanye no kugenzura uburyo bwo kugaburira kugaburira igice cyanyuma kugirango gikomere. Twigeze kugira icyiciro cya tariyeri ikomeza kwerekana micro-porosity kuri flange-to-tube. Igitekerezo cyarahuye, ariko X-ray yavuze indi nkuru. Gukosora ntabwo byari impinduka zikomeye za chimie; yari yongeye gushushanya kwiruka na riser imiterere kugirango habeho icyerekezo cyerekezo cyerekeza kuri riser. Yongeyeho uburemere kuri casting, umukiriya yabanje kubaza, ariko yakuyeho gutsindwa kumurima. Nibyo gucuruza.
Hano hari oxyde. Chromium na aluminiyumu bisobanura okiside yubuso bukomeye bwihuse. Niba igishishwa cyawe kitari cyumye neza cyangwa gifite ubushobozi buke, ushobora guhura nu mutego wa firime ya okiside imbere muri casting, ugashiraho urubuga rwiza rwo gutangiriraho kumeneka munsi yumupira wamaguru. Ni inenge ituje. Urashobora gutsinda ikizamini cyumuvuduko mubushyuhe bwicyumba, ariko bizerekana isura yacyo nyuma y amezi make mumurimo. Imyitozo yacu ubu ikubiyemo kugenzura cyane aho ikime kiri mucyumba cya stucco ndetse rimwe na rimwe ndetse tugahindura gato imyitozo ya deoxidizer muri salle, nubwo ugomba kwitonda kugirango utagira ingaruka kubindi bintu.
Imashini: Ubwitonzi buhendana
Ku mpapuro, Incoloy 800 ntabwo bikomeye cyane. Ariko umukanishi uwo ari we wese wafashe icyuma gishya kuri yo azi ko irwanira mu buryo butandukanye kuruta kutagira umwanda. Ifite imyumvire mibi yo gukora-akazi, kandi ntabwo ari kimwe. Urashobora gufata igikata cyiza, hanyuma ugakubita ahantu ibintu bisa nkaho bikomera, kandi icyinjijwe cyawe cyashize igihe kitaragera. Dukora byinshi nyuma yo guta CNC gutunganya kuri QSY, guhindura imibiri ya valve, gusya flanges. Urufunguzo twabonye ni uguhuzagurika: ibiryo bihoraho, ubujyakuzimu buhoraho bwo gutema, nta gutura.
Coolant ntabwo ari ugukonja gusa; ni ukurinda iki gikorwa gikomereye imirimo kubaka. Ariko ugomba gukoresha ubwoko bukwiye. Twimutse tuvuye mumavuta agororotse tujya murwego rwohejuru rwimikorere ya sintetike hamwe namavuta meza. Intego ni ugukuraho chip vuba kandi ugakomeza ubushyuhe bwa zone yagabanijwe. Reka bishyushye cyane, kandi gukuramo ibishishwa bisa nkaho bigwira, guhekenya ndetse no mu byiciro bya karbide bigenewe super alloys.
Igikoresho cya geometrie gifite akamaro kuruta ibyuma bisanzwe. Icyuma cyiza, inkombe ityaye, hamwe na chipbreaker yagenewe ibikoresho bikomeye ntabwo biganirwaho. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare, tubyara ubuso bwiza burangiza bwahishe micro-frake kubikoresho byinyeganyeza kuko twakoreshaga rake nkeya kugirango imbaraga. Ibice byatsinze igenzura ariko birananirana mu bizamini byo guturika. Isesengura ryo kunanirwa ryerekanaga neza uburinganire bwimiterere. Noneho, turerekana inzira yinzira hamwe nigikoresho ubwacyo cyo kunegura Incoloy 800 Ibigize.
Ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe
Buriwese azi gukemura annealing nibisanzwe kuri Incoloy 800 gushonga karbide no kubona iyo ductive igaruka. Ubusanzwe guhamagarwa ni 1100 ° C byibuze, ubukonje bwihuse. Ariko byihuse nijambo rikora. Mubidukikije, iduka risobanura iki? Kuzimya amazi? Kubice bito, birashoboka. Ariko kubice byimbitse cyangwa bikozwe mumashini, kuzimya amazi bizana imbaraga zumuriro. Twagize ibice bigoreka, ntabwo aribyinshi, ariko birahagije kugirango dusibe neza kashe yakozwe neza.
Twimutse cyane muburyo bwo kuzimya ikirere ku bice byinshi bigize ibice byacu. Biratinda, yego, bivuze ko urimo gukinisha imvura ya karbide niba utitonze. Ugomba rero kugenzura igihe kuva mu itanura kugeza kuzimya, kandi umwuka ugomba kuba umwe. Twashyizeho sitasiyo yihariye yo kuzimya ikirere kubikorwa byacu byo hejuru yubushyuhe. Byari ishoramari, ariko byagabanije igipimo cyacu cyo gukuraho kugoreka ubushyuhe hejuru ya 70% kubikoresho. Rimwe na rimwe, gutunganya inzira bifite agaciro kuruta gusimbuza ibintu.
Ibindi bitesha umutwe ni ukuruhura imihangayiko. Kubice bikora imashini ziremereye, kugabanuka hagati ya 900 ° C birashobora kubuza kugenda mugihe cyo kurangiza. Ariko ugomba kwandika iyi ntambwe neza. Twigeze kohereza icyiciro cya casting nyinshi cyakemuwe cyari igisubizo gifatanye, gikozwe nabi, cyoroheje, hanyuma turangiza gukora. Umugenzuzi wumukiriya yabonye ubushyuhe bubiri bwo gufata ubushyuhe maze abushyira ahagaragara. Tugomba gutanga micrografi hamwe namakarita yikarita mugice cyose kugirango twerekane microstructure ya nyuma yari ikwiye kandi ko uruziga rwagati rutigeze rwangiza imitungo. Byari intambara yo gukora impapuro hejuru yimyitozo isanzwe.
Imitego yo gusudira no guhimba
Abahimbyi bakunda gusudira Incoloy 800 kuri yo ubwayo cyangwa ku byuma bya karubone. Birasudwa, byanze bikunze, hamwe nuwuzuza neza (nka INCO-Weld 82/182). Ariko ubushyuhe mbere yubushyuhe na interpass kugenzura akenshi usanga byuzuye hejuru. Ibi ntabwo ari ibyuma byoroheje. Reka bikonje cyane hagati ya passes, kandi ushobora guhura na HAZ. Dutanga ibikoresho byinshi byo gusudira bigenda bisudira muri sisitemu yo kuvoma. Amapaki yacu yamakuru arimo urupapuro rusabwa rwo gusudira, ntabwo ari ukubera ko turi inzobere mu gusudira, ariko kubera ko twabonye guhamagarwa iyo bikozwe nabi.
Ikibazo kinini ni gusudira. Iyo usudira Incoloy 800 ku byuma bya karubone, kwimuka kwa karubone kuva kuruhande rwicyuma muri alloy irashobora gukora agace kacitse. Muri serivisi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, iyi zone irashobora kunanirwa. Twari dufite ikibazo aho umukiriya yasudiraga ibyuma byitwa alloy thermocouple amaboko mu cyuma cya karubone. Yarafashe umwaka, hanyuma isatura izengurutse iburyo. Metallurgie yerekanaga ikwirakwizwa rya karubone. Igisubizo nticyari cyiza cyo gusudira; yakoreshaga igice cyinzibacyuho cyangwa igishushanyo gitandukanye rwose. Rimwe na rimwe, aho ibintu bigarukira ntabwo biri mu bikoresho ubwabyo, ahubwo ni uburyo bihuza n'isi.
Kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira (PWHT) nubundi buryo bwinzoka. Urabikora? Kode ikenera kenshi kubikoresho byumuvuduko. Ariko uruziga rwuzuye rwa PWHT rushobora kurenza imyaka Incoloy 800 icyuma fatizo niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyangwa umwanya muremure, ugashiramo imbaraga zawo. Ni amakimbirane asanzwe hagati y'ibisabwa guhimbwa no gukora ibintu birebire. Imyifatire yacu ubu igomba gusobanuka neza mubyangombwa byacu: Ibi bikoresho byakemuwe. Ibikurikira byose PWHT igomba gusuzuma ingaruka kumiterere yicyuma. Irasubiza inshingano zubwubatsi gusubira mubahimbye nuwashushanyije, aho igomba kuba.
Amasoko n'umutego uhwanye
Ntabwo ari bose Incoloy 800 Byaremwe bingana. Izina ryizina rifite kwihanganira, kandi aho ikintu kiguye murirwo tsinda gishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere. Ibirimo bya aluminium na titanium, nkurugero, ni ingenzi kumara igihe kirekire mubushyuhe bwinshi. Dutanga ububiko bwibikoresho byitondewe, kandi kubisabwa bikomeye, turerekana isesengura ryubushyuhe kuba murwego rukomeye, cyane cyane kuri aluminium. Igura byinshi, ariko igura ibiteganijwe.
Isoko ryuzuye ibinyobwa bingana, akenshi biva munganda nshya. Bashobora guhura na ASTM B409 igaragara kumpapuro, ariko ibintu byo gukurikirana no gushonga biratandukanye. Twagerageje kimwe gihwanye nubushyuhe budasanzwe bwo gushyushya. Yatanze neza, yakozwe neza. Ariko muri serivisi hafi 800 ° C, yerekanaga igipimo cya okiside irenze ibintu bisanzwe bituruka nyuma yigihe kimwe. Nyirabayazana? Birashoboka gushakisha ibintu nka magnesium cyangwa calcium bigira ingaruka kuri okiside. Ntabwo byari kunanirwa, ariko ntabwo byari byiza. Twatsimbaraye hamwe nuwaduhaye isoko kubice aho umutekano uhagaze neza.
Aha niho umufatanyabikorwa wigihe kirekire murwego rwo gutanga ibintu. Isosiyete nka QSY, ifite imyaka mirongo itatu mugukina no gutunganya amavuta adasanzwe, ntabwo igura ibyuma gusa; tugura amateka yimikorere ihamye kuva murusyo. Twubatsemo ibipimo byimikorere hafi yimyitwarire yamanota yihariye. Guhinduranya kubintu bitazwi bihita bisubiramo ibyize byose kuri zeru, bizana ingaruka. Kuri twe, kwizerwa igice cyanyuma kubakiriya bifite agaciro ka premium kumpera yimbere. Ntabwo ari bike kubijyanye nigiciro cyibikoresho kuri kilo nibindi byinshi bijyanye nigiciro cyose cyo gutsindwa mumurima.
Ibitekerezo Byanyuma: Guhitamo Byakozwe
Noneho Incoloy 800 ibikoresho byiza? Rwose. Ni ifarashi ikoreramo kubwimpamvu - mu miyoboro ivugurura, guhinduranya ubushyuhe, ibice by'itanura. Ariko ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa. Nibikoresho bya injeniyeri bisaba inzira yakozwe. Agaciro kayo ntabwo kari mubigize gusa, ahubwo nukuntu buri ntambwe kuva gushonga kugeza irangiye igenzurwa no gusobanukirwa nubusambo bwayo.
Ubuhanga nyabwo, uko mbibona, bushingiye ku kumenya igihe bwo kugukoresha nuburyo bwo kubusobanurira akazi. Ntabwo buri gihe ari igisubizo. Kubidukikije byangiza cyane, ushobora gukenera 825 cyangwa 625.Kububasha bwimbaraga zo hejuru cyane, wenda 800H cyangwa 801. Ariko kuri kiriya kibanza cyiza cyubushyuhe buringaniye, carburizing / okiside, hamwe nibihimbano byiza, biragoye gutsinda. Amayeri yubaha imiterere yayo.
Mugusoza, gukorana nibi bikoresho ni ibiganiro bikomeza hagati y'ibisobanuro, inzira, hamwe na serivise nyayo. Nta autopilot. Buri cyiciro, buri gice gishya cya geometrie, ni ugusubiramo gato. Nibyo bikomeza gushimisha, kandi mvugishije ukuri, niki gikomeza ubuziranenge mubice birangirira ku bimera bimara imyaka mirongo. Ntushobora gutumiza gusa Incoloy 800 hanze y'urubuga; ugomba kubyubaka, no kubaka hamwe, n'amaso yawe yuguruye kumakuru arambuye.
