Iyo wunvise izina nka 'Investment and Precision Casting Limited', rihuza ishusho yihariye, hafi ya yose yatekerejweho muruganda: ibikorwa bidafite icyerekezo, bihujwe bihagaritse aho igishushanyo kijya mumashusho yuzuye ibishashara, binyuze mugikonoshwa cyiza ceramic, kandi kigaragara nkicyuma kitagira inenge, gifite ishusho ya net. Ukuri, nkumuntu wese wamaraga igihe hasi kubishingwe arabizi, ni messier, nuanced, kandi birashimishije cyane. Ijambo 'precision' ubwaryo ni igipimo cyo kunyerera - ni ikihe kintu cyuzuye ku mazu ya pompe gishobora kutemerwa na gato ku cyuma cya turbine. Nabonye ibintu byinshi byamasoko hamwe na RFQs bivura gushora imari nk'isanduku y'umukara monolithic, inzira y'ibicuruzwa. Iri ni ikosa ryambere kandi rihenze cyane. Agaciro nyako ntabwo kari mwizina ryibikorwa gusa, ariko mumyaka mirongo yakusanyirijwe hamwe, akenshi itavuzwe, ubumenyi bwukuntu ibyuma bitwara iyo bikikijwe nubushyuhe bwa 1600 ° C hamwe nubutaka bwa ceramic burwanya kwaguka kwayo. Nibishushanyo mbonera byanditseho igitambaro nyuma yisuka eshatu zananiranye, cyangwa ibishishwa byihariye bya cobalt bivanze na kobalt udashobora kubona mubitabo.
Kurenga agatabo: Icyitonderwa muri Casting Precision
Reka tuvuge kuri iryo jambo, 'precision'. Mu rwego rwa sosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), urubuga rwabo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com leta zifite imyaka irenga 30 mugukina no gutunganya, precision ntabwo isaba static. Nubushobozi bwubatswe kunanirwa. Kera mu mibanire yanjye na geometrike igoye - tekereza ku kirere cyo mu kirere gifite uruzitiro ruto rufite imiyoboro ikonjesha - twamenye ko kugera kuri ± 0.005 kwihanganira bitarimo gusa. Byari bijyanye n'ubushuhe bwibidukikije mucyumba cyo guteramo ibishashara umunsi icyitegererezo cyakozwe. Umunsi utose wasobanuraga ibishashara byoroheje, bivuze kugoreka mu buryo bworoshye mugihe cyo kubaka ibishishwa. 'Ibisobanuro' byaturutse mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo kurwanya ikirere, ntabwo byaturutse ku kugura ibishashara bihenze. Ubu ni ubwoko bwa granular, imikorere ikora itandukanya ukuri ishoramari no gutora neza umufatanyabikorwa kuva mu iduka ryakazi. Ikibazo cya QSY igihe kirekire Igikonoshwa no gushora imari byerekana ko bagendeye kuri micro-climat imwe yo kugenzura inzira.
Imikoranire hagati yo gukina no gutunganya ni akandi gace aho udutabo twiza duhura na gride, mubisanzwe. Urashobora guterera hafi-net-shusho yumubiri wa valve, ariko niba umufasha wawe utunganya ibintu atumva uburyo bwo guhangayika busigaye cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gutitira gato munsi yuruhu ahantu runaka hateganijwe, pass ya mbere ya CNC irashobora kwangiza igice cyiza rwose. Kuba QSY ihuza imashini ya CNC ni ikintu gikomeye. Bivuze ko bagenzura urunigi rwose rw'agaciro kuva icyuma gishongeshejwe kugeza cyuzuye. Ibi birinda umukino wambere wo gushinja: umukanishi avuga ko gukina byari bibi, uruganda ruvuga ko gutunganya byari bikabije. Iyo ari inzu imwe, ibitekerezo bisubirwamo birahita. Biga ko kubice 17-4PH byumuringa wicyuma, bakeneye guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe mbere yo gukora kugirango babuze kwambara. Nibyo rwose.
Guhitamo ibikoresho niho impapuro zerekana amakuru zihura nitanura. Gukorana nudusimba twihariye nka nikel-ishingiye kuri cobalt cyangwa ibivanze na cobalt ntabwo ari ugushonga gusa. Nukwumva uburyo bakorana nigikonoshwa ceramic. Bimwe muribi bivangavanze birashoboka cyane. Ndibuka umushinga wubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane aho twakoresheje cobalt alloy. Urupapuro rwamakuru rwavuze ko ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa byemewe. Ntabwo bari. Twabonye isura mbi, ubwoko bwa scaring yakuye microne kubihanganira hejuru. Gukosora ntibyari fancier alloy; byari bitandukanye byibanze bya slurry hamwe nibintu byinshi bya zirconi. Isosiyete ifite imyaka 30 yamateka yibintu, nkuko byavuzwe muri intro ya QSY, yagira isomero ryaya masano yize - birashoboka ko adafite ibyangombwa ariko bitwawe mumutwe wa injeniyeri.
Umukino wa Shell: Byose bijyanye na Mold
Igikonoshwa, bikunze kuvugwa mumyuka imwe no gushora imari, rimwe na rimwe bitiranya nayo. Muburyo bworoshye, gushora imari ikoresha ibishashara byibitambo bikikijwe nigikonoshwa ceramic. Ibishishwa by'ibishishwa mubisanzwe bikoresha umusenyi uhujwe n'umusenyi wakozwe mubyuma. Itandukaniro ryibanze mubisubizo? Ubuso burangije nibisobanuro. Kubiranga ultra-nziza-tekereza impande zikarishye ku gikoresho cyo kubaga cyangwa inyuguti nziza ku bikoresho - gushora imari ni umwami. Ariko igikonoshwa inzira irakomeye bidasanzwe kubice binini, bito bito cyane mubice byinshi. Umuhanga ishoramari no gutondeka neza bigarukira imikorere ikora neza byombi kuko ikorera ahantu hatandukanye kumasoko yagutse yibice byibyuma bigoye. Nibijyanye no guhuza inzira kubikorwa byigice cyubukungu nubukungu, ntabwo bihatira igisubizo kimwe.
Igikorwa cyo kubaka shell mugushora imari nubuhanzi bwiyoberanije nka siyanse. Kwibiza, kumena, stucco, inziga yumye isa neza. Ariko umubare wibice, inguni yamazi, ubunini bwa grit yumusenyi wa stucco kuri buri koti ikurikiranye - ibi byose ni impinduka zahinduwe uko imyaka yagiye ihita. Ibice bike cyane, kandi igikonjo kiracika mugihe cyo gusuka. Byinshi cyane, kandi utakaza ibikoresho nigihe cyizunguruka, kandi birashobora no gutera ibibazo byo gukonjesha biganisha ku nenge. Intego nigikonoshwa ntarengwa gishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko wa metallostatike hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Nabonye amaduka aho ubu ari ubumenyi bwubwoko bwubwoko, bwanyuze kuri shift buganisha kumurongo. Ibitera imbere, ndakeka nka QSY, bashoboye kwandika byibuze 80% byayo mubipimo bigenzurwa, mugihe basize umwanya wo gukoraho umunyabukorikori kumurimo utoroshye.
Isesengura ryananiwe kuva mubibazo bifitanye isano nigishoro gihoraho. Ikintu cyambere: gutondeka inenge hejuru yumukino, kugaragara nkimirongo yoroheje. Irasa nkikibazo cyicyuma, ariko burigihe burigihe ikibazo cyigikonoshwa - kwaguka kwubushyuhe budahuye cyangwa igikoma mugikonoshwa cyuzuyemo ibyuma. Igisubizo gishobora kuba uguhindura ubushyuhe bwumuriro wigikonoshwa cyangwa guhindura ibintu bivunika muri kote yambere. Inenge yose nkiyi, yakemuwe kandi yanditse, yongera kumitungo nyayo yikigo. Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu byemewe; ni ibintu bitangaje, bifatika bifatika-byemerera firime guterana kwizerwa kwizana ibyuma bitagira umwanda bidashobora gutoboka cyangwa nikel-alloy ubushyuhe bwikingira bwa moteri yindege.
Imashini ya CNC: Umufatanyabikorwa wa ngombwa muri Casting
Ntabwo gutora mubyukuri net-shusho kubikorwa bikomeye. Hama hariho ubuso bwa datum bugomba gutunganywa neza, bore ikeneye indangamuntu yuzuye, cyangwa insinga zigomba gucibwa. Aha niho kwishyira hamwe kumurika. Kohereza casting hanze yo gutunganya bizana ibikoresho, ibibazo byiza bya handoff, nigihe. Kugira munzu, nkuko QSY ibikora, itanga ingamba zihamye zo gukora. Kurugero, barashobora gushushanya gukina bakoresheje imashini - bongeramo ububiko buto ariko bufatika ahantu hagoye gufata, cyangwa kwemeza ko amarembo ari kure yikibanza kirangiriraho kugirango birinde akazi ko gukora isuku.
Ikizamini nyacyo kiri kumurongo utoroshye. Imashini irashobora gutera guhangayika no kugoreka. Itsinda ryahurijwe hamwe rizi imiterere yabakinnyi - aho bishoboka ko bigoye, aho guhangayika bishobora gutinda. Barashobora guteza imbere imashini ifata urumuri, kuringaniza kugirango birinde gukuramo igice cyo kwihanganira. Nakoze kuri aluminium ishoramari kumashanyarazi aho kwihanganira imashini ya nyuma byari 0.0005. Kubigeraho byasabye abakanishi nabasore bashinga kwicara hamwe bagashushanya inzira yose kuva gukomera kugeza pass ya nyuma. Kuba itangwa ryisosiyete ryerekana neza ibyiciro byombi byerekana ko batetse ubu bufatanye muburyo bwabo.
Kwambara ibikoresho nubundi kubabara umutwe. Ibikoresho byo guta, nubwo nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, birashobora kugira ibintu bitesha umutwe cyangwa ahantu hakomeye. Itsinda ryimashini zaciwe nu ruganda rizitotomba kandi ryaka binyuze mu gushiramo. Itsinda ryahujwe rigaburira ayo makuru inyuma. Uruganda rushobora guhindura inoculant ikoreshwa mugukata ibyuma cyangwa guhindura igipimo cyo gukonjesha igice kitagira umwanda kugirango habeho microstructure imwe yoroshye kubikoresho. Nibi bikomeza, bifunze-loop optimizasi yubaka bikomeye gutora neza ubushobozi mu myaka 30.
Ibikoresho: Kuva mubicuruzwa kugeza Exotic
Urutonde rwibintu-bikozwe mu byuma, ibyuma, bitagira umwanda, ibivanze bidasanzwe-bisoma nkiterambere ryubushobozi. Buri ruganda rushobora gukora icyuma. Kubikora ubudahwema kubice byinshi byimodoka hamwe nibisabwa bikomeye birakomeye. Kwimukira mubyuma bizana kugabanuka no kugaburira ibibazo; ni umukino utandukanye. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda, hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwumuriro, bikunda guturika bishyushye niba amarembo no kuzamuka bitagaragara. Buri muryango wibintu ni ururimi rushya rwa metallurgie.
Amavuta adasanzwe-ashingiye kuri cobalt, ashingiye kuri nikel-niho inzitizi yo kwinjira iba ndende. Birahenze, akenshi ni ibyabo, kandi birababaje. Imiterere yubukanishi yunvikana cyane namateka yubushyuhe mugihe cyo guta no kuvura ubushyuhe. Kubona imbaraga zingana no kuramba neza kubice bya Inconel 718 ntabwo ari ugukubita chimie gusa. Nukugenzura igipimo cyo gukonjesha ukoresheje ubushyuhe bwihariye hanyuma ugashyiraho uburyo bukwiye bwo gukomera. Amaduka atondekanya urutonde rwibikoresho byashoboka ko yakoze igishoro nubumenyi mu gusiga itanura rya vacuum hamwe n’itanura ry’ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere. Nibisobanuro byintego zikomeye murwego rwo hejuru-imikorere ya gushora imari.
Umutwe umwe ufatika hamwe nuruvange ni uguhindura imiyoborere-kongera gukoresha ibisakuzo. Ntushobora guta ibintu byose mumashanyarazi. Ubuhanga bwa chimie burahinduka, ibintu byegeranya birundanya. Ukeneye sisitemu ifite gahunda yo gutandukanya no kuvanga kugaruka hamwe nibikoresho byisugi. Nibintu bidashimishije ariko byingenzi byo kugenzura ibiciro no guhuza ubuziranenge mugihe ukorana $ 50-kuri kilo. Ubu ni ubwoko bwimikorere yinyuma ishigikira ubucuruzi burambye muri uyu mwanya.
Ikintu cyimyaka 30: Kwibuka kwinzego nudushya
Imyaka mirongo itatu muri ubu bucuruzi, nkuko byavuzwe kuri QSY, ni ngombwa. Bishatse kuvuga ko barokotse ibihe byinshi byubukungu, babonye ikoranabuhanga riza kandi rikagenda (wibuke igihe prototyping yihuse yari kwica ishoramari rya prototypes?), Kandi birashoboka ko bafite intebe ndende yabakora ibishushanyo mbonera, abashinzwe gushonga, hamwe nabashakashatsi bafite ireme. Urwo rwibutso rwinzego ntangere. Bisobanura ko umuntu ahari ahari yibuka uburyo yakemuye inenge nkiyi kuruhande rwa pompe ya peteroli itagikoreshwa muri 90, kandi ubwo bumenyi bushobora gukoreshwa mugice gishya kuri hydrogène ya none.
Ariko impande zombi ni ibyago byo guhagarara. Inzira za kera ziroroshye. Ikibazo kuri buri kintu cyashyizweho ishoramari no gutondeka neza bigarukira Ikigo nugushyingiranwa nubunararibonye bwimbitse hamwe nikoranabuhanga rishya: icapiro rya 3D kubishushanyo byibitambo cyangwa ibishishwa bya ceramic, software igezweho yo kwigana uburyo bwo kwerekana imiterere, kugenzura igihe nyacyo hamwe na sensor ziri mu itanura no kumurongo. Amaduka azayobora mumyaka 30 iri imbere niyo akoresha uburambe bwabo ntabwo ari inkoni, ahubwo ni umusingi wo kwemeza no gushyira mubikorwa ibyo bikoresho bishya neza. Bazakoresha kwigana kugirango badasimbuza intangiriro yumushinga, ahubwo bazagerageze ibishushanyo makumyabiri byinjira mumunsi aho kumara ibyumweru kubigeragezo.
Kurangiza, ibyo urimo gushaka mubufatanye nizina nkiyi ntabwo ari urutonde rwibikorwa nibikoresho gusa. Urimo gushakisha ibimenyetso byimbitse, bifatika byo gukemura ibibazo. Nuburyo babaza igishushanyo cyawe, bagatanga igitekerezo gito cyo guhindura inguni kugirango barusheho kuzuza, cyangwa bagasaba urwego rutandukanye rutagira umwanda rutera neza kandi rugahura na ruswa yawe. Ari mumucyo mugihe hari ibitagenda neza nibisobanuro byubucamanza muri raporo y'ibikorwa byabo byo gukosora. Nibyo biranga abimenyereza nyabo, haba mububiko bwabo cyangwa mubyifuzo byabo bya tekiniki. Ibisigaye ni kwamamaza gusa.
