Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'ishoramari casting alloy', bahita batekereza kubintu bisanzwe - 316 bitagira umwanda, wenda 17-4PH. Iri ni ikosa rya mbere. Amavuta ntabwo ari ibikoresho utumiza gusa; ni umwirondoro wose wimyitwarire kuva gushonga kugeza urangiye. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi byerekana urwego rusanzwe utarinze kwaguka kwubushyuhe bwumuriro mugihe cyo gutwika ibishishwa cyangwa uburyo superalloy ishingiye kuri nikel izitwara kumurongo wa ceramic. Ntabwo ari kugura ibicuruzwa. Numushyikirano hagati ya chimie, inzira, nibikorwa byanyuma.
Core Yatahuwe nabi: Birarenze Urupapuro rwa Chimie
Reka tumenye neza. Umukiriya yigeze gutsimbarara ku gukoresha imikorere-yo hejuru gushora imari kuri turbine blade prototype, nikel-chromium ivanze. Urupapuro rwihariye rwasezeranije imbaraga zidasanzwe kuri 800 ° C. Icyo itavuze nukuntu itababariraga mugihe cya dewaxing. Twakoresheje cycle isanzwe ya autoclave cycle. Igisubizo? Micro-yamenetse mugikonoshwa, hafi itagaragara, yerekanaga gusa nkubuso bwubuso nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa nyuma. Amavuta ntabwo yari mabi - inzira yacu ntiyari ijyanye no kugabanuka gukomeye kwayo no guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Ngiyo isomo: urupapuro rwimibare ni igice cya mbere. Igice cya kabiri cyanditswe mumushinga wawe.
Aha niho imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo igura uburambe uburambe bwibitabo byibitabo. Ibigo bimara igihe, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), ntibigurisha gusa; bagurisha iyi serivisi yubuhinduzi. Urashobora kuyibona kurubuga rwabo kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 mugikonoshwa kandi gushora imari, agaciro kabo ntabwo ari ugusuka ibyuma gusa; ni mukumenya ko ibinyomoro bishingiye kuri cobalt kugirango bishyirwemo ubuvuzi bisaba ubushyuhe butandukanye mbere yubushyuhe kubibumbano kuruta ibyuma bitagira umwanda kuri valve itunganya ibiryo. Ubwo ni ubumenyi butuje.
Ndibuka akazi kubikoresho bya peteroli bisaba Hastelloy C-276. Kurwanya ruswa nziza cyane, inzozi mbi zo gutera. Ibirimwo byinshi bya molybdenum bituma bikunda gukora ibice bito bito niba igipimo cyo gukonja kitari cyiza. Tugomba guhindura ubushyuhe buri munsi yubusanzwe kuri kiriya cyiciro cya alloy kandi tugakoresha exothermic toppings kugirango tugenzure icyerekezo gikomeye. Cyakoze, ariko cyavuye mubyiciro byambere byatsinzwe aho hagati ya casting yari akajagari. Amavuta avanze neza yarananiranye kuko twayifashe neza nigitabo, ariko ntabwo arukuri kubijyanye na sisitemu yihariye ya shell hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera.
Ubufatanye Dynamic: Kuva Icapa kugeza Igice
Ibi biganisha ku ngingo ya kabiri y'ingenzi: gutsinda gushora imari ni ubufatanye, ntabwo imyitozo yo gutanga amasoko. Kohereza icapiro ryasobanuwe neza kuruganda no gusaba amagambo ni urusimbi. Uburyo bwubwenge burimo umufatanyabikorwa tekinike nka QSY hakiri kare. Gutanga hamwe hamwe no gukina no murugo CNC gutunganya bivuze ko batekereza urugendo rwose. Bazabaza: Ese uru rukuta rwuburebure bwurukuta kugirango wirinde ahantu hashyushye? cyangwa Turashobora gutanga umushinga muto kuriyi miterere kugirango tunoze as-cast ubuziranenge mbere yuko dukoraho inzira?
Kurugero, twakoze kumazu ya sensor muri 440C idafite umwanda. Igice cyari gikeneye imbere yimbere. Uwashushanyije yabanje kwerekana neza, nka bore. Ikipe ya QSY yatanze igitekerezo cyo kuyijugunya munsi ariko ifite imiterere myiza yingano, hanyuma ikayirangiza kumashini zabo za CNC. Ibi ntibyari byiza cyane gutunganya imashini; yakoreshaga imashini kugirango yemeze ko gukina bishobora gutezimbere ubunyangamugayo, ntabwo ari form gusa. Gukomera kwa aliyumu kwakoreshejwe nyuma yo gutunganya ubushyuhe nyuma yo guterwa, ntabwo byashingiweho kugirango bikosorwe.
Ubundi buryo ni umukino wambere wo gushinja. Uruganda rwashinjaga urujya n'uruza rw'amazi, umukiriya ashinja tekinike y'uruganda. Kugira utanga ibintu bigenzura byombi gushora imari guhinduka hamwe no gutunganya neza munsi yinzu imwe ihuza kubazwa. Iyo QSY itondekanya akazi kabo hamwe nudusimba twihariye nka cobalt na nikel-ishingiye kuri nikel, icyo nikimenyetso bashizeho kubwiyi mirimo ihuriweho, ikemura ibibazo, ntabwo ikora gusa ibishashara byoroshye binyuze mumurongo usanzwe.
Kwinjira, Kugaburira, na Geometri Yihishe
Nta kiganiro cyuzuye kitarinze. Amavuta ategeka sisitemu yo kwinjira kuruta ikindi kintu cyose. Amavuta ya aluminium? Mubisanzwe bagaburira neza, ariko bagabanuka cyane. Ukeneye ibyago byinshi. Ibyuma bimwe bidafite ingese, nkamanota ya martensitike, bifite amazi mabi. Ukeneye gusuka cyane, kuzuza ibihe byihuse, no gushyira amarembo witonze kugirango wirinde amakosa. Ubu ni ubukorikori bwiza.
Nize ibi inzira igoye hamwe na zirconium-umuringa. Byari kubikoresho byamashanyarazi. Amavuta afite imbaraga zidasanzwe ariko aringaniye cyane. Irembo ryambere ryacu, ryakoraga neza kumuringa wa silicon, ryagabanije umurongo wo hagati ugabanuka. Twabikemuye duhinduranya sisitemu, igitutu cya sisitemu ihatira icyerekezo gikomeye. Igishushanyo nticyasaga nkurugero rwibitabo. Byari bibi, ariko byatanze amajwi. Ingingo ni, igishushanyo mbonera ni imikorere itaziguye yimiterere yumubiri. Ntushobora gukoporora.
Aka ni akandi gace ibikorwa birebire byerekana agaciro kayo. Isomero ryisosiyete yisomero namateka yabo yo gushushanya ibishushanyo bitandukanye gushora imari imiryango ni umutungo munini. Ntabwo ari ikintu ushobora kugura. Yegeranijwe mumyaka 30 yikigeragezo, ikosa, nubutsinzi, cyane nkububiko firime nka QSY yaba yarubatse. Iyo bavuze ko bazobereye muriyi nzira, iyi data base yihishe yibyakorewe kuri ayo mayeri ya mayeri ubushize nigice kinini mubyo bagurisha mubyukuri.
Umurongo wo Kurangiza: Iyo Alloy ihuye nyuma yo gutunganywa
Abantu bakunze gutandukanya gukina no gutunganya ubushyuhe no gutunganya. Iri ni ikosa rikomeye. Guhitamo gushora imari shiraho amategeko kubintu byose biza nyuma. Fata 17-4PH idafite umwanda. Urashobora kuyijugunya muburyo bwakemuwe (Imiterere A). Ariko niba ukeneye H1150-imyaka-ibiri kugirango ukomere neza, ugomba gutegura gahunda yawe yo gutunganya. Imashini mumiterere A iroroshye, ariko rero igice kizagoreka mugihe cyo gusaza. Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba gukora imashini itoroshye, imyaka, hanyuma ukarangiza imashini. Imyitwarire ya alloy nigihe ntarengwa.
Twari dufite umushinga wibikoresho bya drone muri Mar-M247, superalloy ya nikel isanzwe. Ntabwo bishoboka rwose muburyo bwuzuye bwubushyuhe. Inzira yonyine yari iyo kuyijugunya hafi ya net ishusho ishoboka yumuntu, hanyuma ukoreshe EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) kubintu bikomeye. Igishushanyo cyose cyayobowe niyi alloy nyuma yo gukina. Uruganda rukora imashini rugomba kuba mubiganiro bihoraho kuva kumunsi wambere. Ubu buryo bukomatanyirijwe hamwe nibyo nibyo bitanga vertike-yibanze itanga. Urebye aho QSY igeze - gukina no gutunganya CNC - biragaragara ko iyi ntoki ari imbere, ntabwo ari urunigi rwo kugurisha hanze.
Indi ngingo ifatika ni ukurangiza hejuru. Amavuta amwe amwe, nka aluminium-bronzes, arashobora gukura igipimo gikomeye, gikomeye nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe. Niba ukora igice cyo kwisiga, ugomba kwerekana uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwikirere cyangwa gahunda yo gutoragura. Ibi ntabwo ari ibya kabiri; ni ingaruka zitaziguye za chimie ya alloy wahisemo mugitangira. Umuti udasanzwe QSY ivuga gukorana buri gihe hamwe nibisabwa bidasanzwe nyuma yo gutunganya.
Kureba imbere: Amavuta nk'intangiriro
Noneho ibi bidusiga he? Uwiteka gushora imari ni ishingiro ryibanze. Ntabwo ari umurongo. Ni urutonde rwamabwiriza kumuyoboro wose utanga umusaruro. Ubuhanga nyabwo muri uru ruganda ntabwo bushingiye ku gusuka ibyuma gusa, ahubwo ni mukubaka icyerekezo hagati ya metallurgjiya, gukora ibumba, imyitozo yo gusuka, n'intambwe zo kurangiza.
Imishinga yatsinze cyane Nagize uruhare mu gufata imiti ivanze no guteza imbere inzira nkigikorwa kimwe cyubwubatsi. Harimo uwashushanyije, metallurgiste, hamwe na injeniyeri yatunganijwe kuva mu nama ya mbere. Iyi moderi ikorana niyo ihindura ibintu bitoroshye nka cobalt ishingiye kuri nikel gushora imari kuva muburyozwe mubice byizewe.
Mu kurangiza, kuramba kwa sosiyete muri uyu mwanya, nkimyaka 30 yerekana amateka ya tekinoroji ya Qingdao Qiangsenyuan, birashoboka ko aricyo kintu cyiza cyerekana ubwo bwumvikane bwimbitse. Ntabwo ari ukugira itanura ryiza cyane; ni bijyanye no kugira inzego yibuka yukuntu amagana atandukanye avanze yitwaye mubidukikije byihariye, kuva mucyumba cyibishashara kugeza aho ubwato bwoherezwa. Nibyo bidafatika bituma habaho itandukaniro hagati yigice cyanyuze QC nigice gikora neza mumyaka mirongo mumurima.
