Urumva 'guta ibishashara byatakaye' kandi ubwenge bwinshi busimbukira mubuhanzi bwa kera cyangwa imitako yoroshye. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Mu rwego rwinganda, ni inkingi ya gushora imari, inzira aho ibisobanuro bihuye nubunini, kandi aho igice cyatakaye 'igishashara cyatakaye' nigikorwa cyo gufungura igihe kirekire cyane, cyanduye, kandi gisaba ubuhanga bukinishwa. Ntabwo ari ugukora gusa; nibijyanye no gucunga urunigi rwose kuva mubishashara kugeza igice cyarangije gukorwa, aho inenge muntambwe yambere ishobora gukuraho icyiciro cyose nyuma yicyumweru cyakazi.
Icyumba cya Wax: Aho Byose Bitangirira (Kandi Birashobora kugenda nabi)
Icyumba cyo guteramo ibishashara kiroroshye kubeshya. Byose bijyanye n'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko, ariko kubitunganya neza nikintu cyunvikana. Igishashara ntabwo ari ikintu kimwe gusa; akenshi ni uruvange, hamwe nibiranga ibintu bitandukanye. Dukoresha ibice byahinduwe bya paraffin kubice byinshi byicyuma. Niba inshinge zishyushye cyane, ibishashara bikonja buhoro, bigatera kugabanuka cyangwa kugoreka. Ubukonje bukabije, kandi ubona imirongo itemba cyangwa kuzura bituzuye, cyane cyane mubice bito. Nabonye abatekinisiye bashya batanga ibisa nkibishashara byuzuye, gusa kugirango bakure ibibazo byimbere mumbere nyuma yamasaha 24 kuri rack. Ibyo birananirana utabona kugeza igikonjo ceramic cyubatswe nicyuma gisukwa, ugasesagura byose.
Iteraniro ryibishashara kuri sisitemu yo hagati - 'igiti' - nubundi buhanga bukomeye bwamaboko. Irasa no gufatisha moderi hamwe, ariko inguni nuburinganire byerekana itegeko ryicyuma. Igice kidakomeye kirashobora gutera 'gushira' mugihe cyo gusuka. Twigeze kugira icyiciro cyo gutwara pompe aho kudahuza gato mu nteko y'ibiti byatumye habaho kuzura imvururu. Abakinnyi basaga nkaho ari byiza, ariko X-ray yerekanye ububobere butatanye mumihanda. Ubufindo bwose bwaranze. Nicyo giciro cyihishe cyinteko yihuta.
Ubuhanzi nyabwo buri mu gishashara ubwacyo. Kumiyoboro y'imbere igoye, nk'iyiri muri turbine cyangwa prototypes yubuvuzi, dushobora gukoresha ibishashara bishonga. Uhindura ingirabuzimafatizo, guteranya ibishashara nyamukuru bikikijwe, wubake igikonoshwa ceramic, hanyuma ukoreshe amazi ashyushye cyangwa ubwogero bwogushonga kugirango ushonge ibishashara byibanze mbere yicyiciro kinini. Nuburinganire bworoshye - ibishashara byibanze bigomba gushonga neza bitarinze ibishashara byingenzi. Ni umwihariko, kandi ntabwo buri duka ribona neza neza.
Inyubako ya Shell: Imbyino ya Ceramic
Kwibiza igishashara mumashanyarazi yibanze ya ceramic ntabwo ari dunk; ni igicucu. Ikoti rya mbere, ikoti yo mu maso, ikoresha ifu nziza ya zircon cyangwa ifu ya silika. Nicyo gisobanura ubuso burangije igice cyanyuma cyicyuma. Umukungugu cyangwa umwanda uwo ariwo wose ufatwa ubuziraherezo. Ubukonje bwijimye bugenzurwa inshuro nyinshi kumunsi - burabyimbye uko ibintu bigenda byuka kandi bikenera kunanuka.
Nyuma yo kwibira, bihita byinjira muburiri bwuzuye amazi yumusenyi wuzuye, umusenyi wangiritse - ubusanzwe wahujwe na silika kumyenda ya mbere. Ubu buryo bwo kwinaniza bukora urufunguzo rwimashini rufunga ibice. Injyana ni dip, umucanga, yumye. Subiramo. Ibidukikije byumye ni ngombwa: kugenzura ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe. Byihuta cyane, kandi igikonoshwa kirashobora guteza imbere micro-crack; gahoro cyane, kandi gahunda yumusaruro wawe irahagarara. Dufite intego yo kwambara amakoti 7 kugeza kuri 9 kumyuma myinshi, twubaka igikonoshwa hafi 6-8mm. Igomba gukomera bihagije kugirango ihangane na autoclave dewaxing ariko iremewe bihagije kugirango imyuka ihunge mugihe cyo gusuka.
Kuma byanyuma, cyangwa 'gukomera,' by'igikonoshwa cyuzuye bitwara byibuze amasaha 24. Ntushobora kwihuta. Igikonoshwa cyumva cyumye hanze kirashobora gufata ubuhehere imbere. Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane (dukoresha autoclave yumuvuduko ukabije wumuvuduko mwinshi), ubwo bushuhe bwafashwe burahinduka mukanya ako kanya, hanyuma pop - ukabona ibisasu cyangwa ibisasu. Nafunguye autoclave kugirango nsange igiti cyarasenyutse rwose, ceramic shards ahantu hose. Impamvu? Igiti cyumye kituzuye kumurwi umwe, gisunitswe kubera igihe ntarengwa. Isomo rihenze.
Gutwikwa, Gusuka, nigihe cyo Ukuri
Nyuma yo kwangirika, ibishishwa byubutaka byubusa bijya mu itanura ryo gutwikwa. Ibi ntabwo ari ugutwika ibishashara bisigaye; icumura ceramic, ihuza ibice hamwe muburyo bukomeye, monolithic. Ubushyuhe bwiyongereye neza. Birakaze cyane, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro bizavunika igikonoshwa. Mubisanzwe dufata hafi 1000 ° C mumasaha menshi, bitewe nuruvange rusukwa. Igikonoshwa kigomba gusukwa mugihe hakiri ubushyuhe - akenshi hejuru ya 500 ° C. Gusuka mubikonje bikonje biganisha ku kwibeshya no gufunga imbeho. Igihe kiri hagati yitanura na sitasiyo ni imbyino ihuriweho.
Isuka ubwayo ni visceral. Kubyuma bidafite ingese nka 304 cyangwa 316, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane nka Inconel, ubushyuhe bwitanura burashobora kurenga 1600 ° C. Urimo kureba ibyuma bitemba, kuzamuka kwicyuma mugikombe gisuka. Sisitemu ya gating yateguwe hashize ibyumweru mu gishashara ubu irakora imirimo yayo yonyine. Irembo ryateguwe neza ryuzuza ifumbire neza, kuva hasi hejuru, kugabanya imivurungano hamwe na okiside. Igishushanyo mbonera kizasenya ibyuma, umutego uhumeka kandi ushireho imyanda. Urashobora rimwe na rimwe kumva itandukaniro-rituje, rizamuka urusaku rwinshi.
Shakeout ibaho nyuma yicyuma kimaze gukomera no gukonja. Igikonoshwa ceramic cyacitse kubera kunyeganyega kwa mashini. Aha niho ubona ibishishwa bibisi kunshuro yambere, biracyafatanye na sisitemu yicyuma cyayo. Numwanya wukuri, ariko ntabwo aruwanyuma. Ubugenzuzi bwubuso bukunze kwerekana ibimenyetso byambere byubutsinzi cyangwa gutsindwa: kwigana icyuma cyiza, cyangwa inenge nkudusimba (kuva kumenwa yikibabi), hejuru yubusa (kuva kote yuzuye mumaso), cyangwa kugabanuka kugaragara. Kuri sosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe na mirongo itatu muri Igikonoshwa na gushora imari, iki cyiciro niho igenzura ryabo ryemewe. Kwibanda kubikoresho nka cobalt idasanzwe hamwe na nikel ishingiye kuri nikel bisaba no kurushaho gukaza umurego muri ibi byiciro byambere, kubera ko ayo mavuta atababarira cyane inenge y'ibishishwa cyangwa gusuka amakosa kuruta icyuma gisanzwe.
Nyuma yo gukina: Aho gukina bihurira no gukora imashini
Igice cyo gukina ni gake igice cyanyuma. Iyi ni ingingo y'ingenzi. Ibishashara byatakaye ikubona 'hafi-net-shusho,' ariko intera ikomeye hafi ya yose isaba gukora. Sisitemu y amarembo yaciwe, mubisanzwe hamwe nigitambambuga cyangwa uruziga rukurura ibice bito, cyangwa plasma arc kubinini. Noneho ni kuri CNC gusya cyangwa guhinduka. Gukina bigomba kuba byarateguwe hamwe nogukoresha amafaranga - ibikoresho byiyongereye bisigaye hejuru. Fata iyi nkunga nabi, kandi ushobora gusiga uruhu rutagereranywa kuruhu hejuru yikimenyetso cyangwa ugacamo icyuho cyangwa gushiramo byihishe munsi yubutaka.
Aha niho ibikorwa byahurijwe hamwe byerekana agaciro kayo. Kuri QSY, kugira casting zombi na Imashini ya CNC munsi yinzu imwe ninyungu nini. Abakanishi batanga ibitekerezo kubishingwe. Kurugero, niba bahora basanga ahantu hakomeye kumurongo runaka mugihe cyo gucukura, birashobora kwerekana ikibazo cyo gukonjesha cyaho cyangwa gushyiramo icyapa kiva kumasuka. Iki gitekerezo gifunze-cyingirakamaro ntagereranywa mugutezimbere inzira. Yimura igenzura ryiza riva mubigenzurwa neza bikumira.
Twakoze urukurikirane rwimibiri ya valve muri duplex idafite ibyuma. Abakinnyi batsindiye igenzura ryerekanwa. Ariko, mugihe cyo guhangana na lathe ya CNC, igikoresho cyahita kiganira kandi kikambara cyane kumwanya umwe wa buri gice. Byagaragaye ko ari itandukaniro rito muburyo bwo kumisha ibishishwa byatumye habaho ubukonje buke, bukomeye bwa ceramic muri kariya karere, bigatuma ubukonje bwihuse ndetse nimpinduka zaho muri microstructure yicyuma. Gukosora ntabwo byari mubikoresho byo gutunganya; yari yagarutse mucyumba cyo kumisha, igereranya ikirere gikikije ibiti by'ibishashara. Hatabayeho kureba hamwe, wakomeza gutwika ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gukata no gushinja ibikoresho.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Ntabwo Byerekeye Ibyuma gusa
Iyo abantu bavuga ibikoresho mugukina, bibanda kumyuma: ibyuma, ibyuma bya karubone, bitagira umwanda, amavuta ya exotic. Ariko ikiganiro gifatika gitangira kare. Ibishashara bigomba guhuzwa na ceramic slurry. Ceramic igomba kuba yinjijwe mubyuma bishongeshejwe. Gusuka icyuma gikora nka titanium cyangwa aliyumu-aluminiyumu isaba sisitemu yubutaka itandukanye rwose (akenshi ishingiye kuri yttria) kuruta gusuka ibyuma. Gukoresha ibintu bitavunitse biganisha ku miti igaragara kuri interineti, kwangiza ubuso kandi bishobora gutera kunanirwa.
Kuri nikel na cobalt ishingiye kuri superalloys QSY ikunze gukorana nayo, ubushyuhe bwo kwagura ubushyuhe buranga igikonoshwa ceramic nibyingenzi. Iyi miti isukwa mubushyuhe bukabije kandi ifite imyitwarire yihariye. Igikonoshwa kigomba kwihanganira guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe butabanje guturika cyangwa kutagira icyo gikora, kandi kigomba kwemerera imbogamizi zihagije kugirango wirinde kugoreka ibintu ariko ntibibe cyane kuburyo bitera kurira. Nibikorwa bingana bisobanurwa na siyanse yibintu, ntabwo ari ubukorikori gusa.
Ndetse no mubyuma, urwego rufite akamaro kubikorwa. Ibyuma bya karubone nkeya nka 1020 ni amazi kandi byoroshye kuyatera ariko birashobora koroshya gutunganya. Icyuma kinini cya karubone cyangwa ibikoresho byigikoresho cyo guteramo nta gucamo ariko gifata inkombe. Guhindura ibintu byose bisobanura gusubiramo ibipimo byo gutera ibishashara, igihe cyo kumisha igikonoshwa, ukwezi kwaka, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gusuka. Nta resept rusange. Ubu ni bwo bukusanyirijwe, akenshi budafite ibyangombwa, ubumenyi butandukanya iduka ryakazi ninzobere nyayo. Urashobora gusanga bimwe muburyo bwabo kuri ibi bikoresho-bitunganijwe birambuye mubisobanuro byabo kubikorwa byabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, byerekana ibikorwa bifatika, aho kuba gusa theoretical, gusobanukirwa umurima.
Mu kurangiza: Ni Sisitemu
Noneho, guta ibishashara byatakaye, cyangwa gushora imari, ntabwo ari intambwe imwe gusa. Ni sisitemu ihujwe. Inenge yo guterwa ibishashara ntishobora kugaragara kugeza itunganijwe. Hiccup mugukama ibishishwa irashobora kwangiza isuka. Igishushanyo cyiza cyo kwinjirira kirashobora guhakanwa nubushyuhe buke bwo kubara. Ubwiza no gucika intege biri muri iyi mikoranire. Ntabwo ucunga inzira; urimo uyobora urunigi rwibyabaye aho buri murongo uhuza rwose nimbaraga zayibanjirije.
Intego ntabwo ari ukugera kubuhanzi butunganijwe mubice bimwe - nubwo bishoboka. Mu rwego rwinganda nka QSY, intego irasubirwamo, yizewe, kandi ifite ubukungu busobanutse neza mubice ijana cyangwa ibihumbi. Nukugenzura ibihinduka muburyo bwuzuye. Ibishashara byarazimiye, ariko amasomo yavuye kuri buri kintu cyananiranye, hejuru yubudatunganye, gutungurwa kwimashini, nibyo byinjizwa mubikorwa bisanzwe byububiko. Nibyo bisohoka nyabyo mubikorwa: ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa, ahubwo ubumenyi bunonosoye.
Ugenda unyuze mu ruganda, urabona uruziga ahantu hose: ibishashara byateranijwe, ibigega bitobora biravuba, itanura riratontoma, imashini za CNC ziravuza. Birangaye, birashyushye, kandi byuzuye guhamagarwa. Igishushanyo mbonera ni intangiriro. Ibisigaye byose bijyanye no kumva ibishashara, isura yubushuhe, amajwi yisuka, nibitekerezo biva mumaduka yimashini. Nibyo byukuri ibishashara byazimiye guta urupapuro rwibitabo no hasi kuruganda.
