Iyo wunvise bwa mbere 'igiciro cyo gushora igiciro kuri kg,' biragerageza gutekereza ko hano hari ikarita isanzwe. Nanjye natekerezaga gutya. Ukuri ni akajagari. Iyi mibare ntabwo ari igiciro gifatika; ni iherezo ryimpinduka icumi zigongana, no gusubiramo gusa kuri kilo kuri kilo idafite imiterere nuburyo imishinga igenda kuruhande byihuse. Ni intangiriro yo kuganira, ntabwo ari igisubizo.
Aho Per Kg Amagambo Yatandukanijwe
Reka dukure inzira igaragara. Nibyo, ikiguzi cyibikoresho ni umushoferi munini. Ikiro cya 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese na kilo ya Inconel 718? Itandukaniro ryibanze ryigiciro kinini ni kinini. Ariko niba ureba gusa, uba warazimiye. Igiciro nyacyo gitangirana nuburyo ugerageza gukora. Byoroheje, bikomeye knob izaba ifite ishyamba ritandukanye igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg ugereranije nurukuta ruto, rukomeye rwa turbine rufite uburemere bumwe bwanyuma. Icyuma gikoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya ceramic, bifite ibyago byinshi byo guturika ibishishwa, bisaba ibikoresho bishashara neza, kandi akenshi bibona igipimo kinini. Igiciro kuri kilo kubice bigoye birashobora gukuba kabiri cyangwa gatatu kurwego rworoshye, ndetse nibikoresho bisa.
Noneho hariho ingano yububiko. Aha niho abashya bakandagira. Igiciro cyigiciro cya prototype ya 50 ikora ni astronomie ugereranije nibicuruzwa 10,000. Ibiciro byagenwe - gushushanya ibishashara bipfa, gushiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho, kugenzura ingingo ya mbere - kugabanywa hejuru yibice byose. Kuri matsinda mato ,. igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg yiganjemo izi mbaraga nimbaraga zubuhanga, ntabwo ari ibyuma. Nabonye amagambo yavuzwe aho igiciro cya kg kuri kwiruka gake cyari kinini cyane cyatinyaga abakiriya, ariko iyo twongeye kubara kubunini bunini, byaje guhatanwa no guhimba. Ikibazo cyijwi kigomba kubanza gukemurwa.
Kurangiza ni umwicanyi ucecetse. Abakinnyi? Light grit? CNC yuzuye gutunganya kwihanganira gukomera? Buriwese yongeyeho ibice byigiciro bidafite aho bihuriye nuburemere bwa casting. Igice gishobora kuva mugikonoshwa ku buryo bushyize mu gaciro igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg, ariko niba ikeneye gutunganya bitanu-axis kuri buri buso, igiciro cyanyuma kigizwe no gutunganya, ntabwo ari casting. Amaduka akora byombi, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), afite akarusho hano. Bashobora kubona inzira yose kuva ibishashara kugeza igice cyarangiye, akenshi biganisha kubishushanyo mbonera hakiri kare kugirango bagabanye igiciro cyose, aho guhitamo gusa icyiciro cya casting.
Ibihishe byihishe: ibishashara, igikonoshwa, n'umusaruro
Gukoresha ibishashara ni ubuhanzi. Ihendutse, imwe-cavity aluminium ipfa irashobora gukora kubice magana. Kuri geometrike igoye cyangwa ingano ndende, ukenera cavit nyinshi, ibyuma bikomeye bipfa. Icyo gikoresho cyambere cyo gushora gishobora kuba ibihumbi mirongo, ariko kigabanya cyane igiciro cyibishashara. Guhitamo hano bigaburira muburyo bwanyuma igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg. Urayigabanya kurutonde rwa mbere, cyangwa uteganya gusubiramo? Ni icyemezo cyibikorwa.
Igikonoshwa cyo kubaka ni akandi gace kanyegejwe. Ikoti risanzwe rya zirconia-silica ikora kumashanyarazi menshi. Ariko kubishobora kuvangwa nka titanium cyangwa izo nickel-supelloys nyinshi za lisiti ya QSY, ukeneye binders zidasanzwe hamwe na retractories. Ibi bikoresho bihenze, kandi inzira irakoreshwa cyane. Igikonoshwa kuri buri gice gishobora kuba hejuru ya 30-50%. Niba kandi igikonyo cyananiranye mugihe cyo gusiba cyangwa gusuka? Nicyo gihombo rwose cyibiciro byose byatanzwe kugeza icyo gihe. Igipimo cy'umusaruro ni guverineri usumba ibiciro. Umusaruro wa 90% ugereranije numusaruro wa 70% uhindura ubukungu bwakazi kose. Kugera ku musaruro mwinshi ku bice bigoye niho uburambe bwimyaka, nkamateka ya QSY yimyaka 30, byishyura. Ntabwo ari ikintu usanga mu gitabo.
Kuvura ubushyuhe no kwipimisha akenshi nibitekerezo muri cote. Igice gikeneye kuvurwa no gusaza? Birasaba 100% X-ray cyangwa irangi ryinjira? Nibintu byumurongo byongera ikiguzi kubice, ntabwo kuri kilo. Nigeze gukora ku kirere cyo mu kirere aho kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo guta hamwe na NDT byarangiye ari 40% yikiguzi cyose. Uwiteka igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg kuberako casting mbisi yari nziza, ariko igiciro cyanyuma ntabwo cyari. Ugomba gupima ibisobanuro byose.
Kugereranya Nukuri-Isi: Ibice bibiri, Uburemere bumwe
Dore urugero rufatika kuva mumyaka mike ishize. Twari dufite ibice bibiri, byombi birangirira kuri kg 1,2 muri 17-4 PH idafite ibyuma. Igice A cyari inzu yoroheje, yuzuye inzu ya valve. Igice B cyari icyuma cyoroheje cyubatswe gifite imbavu zoroshye kandi zifata imitsi. Urebye uburemere bwicyuma, byari bimwe.
Igice A cyo kugabanura ibiciro byari byoroshye. Igikoresho cyoroshye cyibishashara (cavity imwe, aluminiyumu ipfa). Igikonoshwa cyoroshye kubaka n'umusaruro mwiza. Kurangiza bike - guturika gusa no gutunganya mumaso make. Umukino wanyuma igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg yarushanwaga, kandi igiciro cyigice cyose cyumvikana.
Igice B cyari inzozi mbi. Urubavu ruto rusaba ibishashara bigoye bipfa gukuramo ingirangingo. Inyubako y'ibikonoshwa yari yoroshye - kugumisha ibyo bice byoroshye nta marira ashyushye byari ikibazo, bigatuma umusaruro wambere tugera kuri 65%. Igice cyose cyari gikeneye imashini nini ya CNC kumitsi. Igiciro cya kilo kuri casting ubwacyo cyikubye hafi inshuro 2,5 igice cya A. Umushinga warokotse gusa kuko twakoranye nuwashushanyije hamwe nuwashinze uruganda (iduka rifite igabana rikomeye ryimashini, nkibyo wasanga kuri Ikigo cya QSY) kubyimba gato imbavu zimwe no guhindura lug geometrie kugirango byoroshye gukora. Twagurishije akantu gato k'uburemere kugirango twunguke byinshi mubikorwa. Igice cyavuguruwe igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg yamanutse hafi 30%. Nubwoko bwubufatanye busobanura umushinga watsinze.
Impamvu Isoko Ryuzuye rihindura Ibara
Ibi biganisha ku ngingo y'ingenzi. Kubona ishusho nyayo yibiciro biragoye bidasanzwe mugihe urimo ukorana ninganda yihariye, iduka ryimashini itandukanye, hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Icyuho cyitumanaho, guterana amagambo, no gutunga urutoki mugihe ibibazo bivutse byose byongeweho ibiciro byihishwa. Aha niho icyitegererezo cyisosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) cyumvikana. Kugira ibishushanyo mbonera, gushora imari, hamwe na CNC gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe ntabwo ari isoko yamasoko gusa.
Bivuze ko abakanishi bashobora kuvugana nabakora icyitegererezo hakiri kare. Barashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kongeramo milimetero yububiko ahantu h'ingenzi kugirango habeho isuku, cyangwa bagasaba umushinga wo guhindura inguni utuma ibishashara bisukurwa. Izi mpinduka ntoya muburyo bwo gukora-gukora (DFM) icyiciro kigira ingaruka zidasanzwe kubiciro byanyuma kandi byizewe. Ikiguzi cyo kuzigama ntabwo buri gihe kiri hasi igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg ku rupapuro; bari mubisigisigi birinze, kugabanya igihe cyo gutunganya, no kwihuta muri rusange. Urimo kwishyura kuri coherence.
Ibikoresho byabo, uhereye kumyuma kugeza kuri cobalt na nikel alloys, nabyo byerekana urwego rwo kugenzura inzira. Gukemura ayo mavuta adasanzwe ntabwo ari ukugira itanura rishyuha bihagije. Nukumenya kumenya amarembo na riser kuri bo, sisitemu yogukoresha, nuburyo bwo kugenzura gukomera. Ubwo buhanga burinda gutsindwa kwa metallurgical. Kubaguzi, bivuze ko ushobora kwizera ko ibyavuzwe igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg kubice bya superalloy bishingiye kubintu bifatika, bikomeye, ntabwo byiringiro byo gukeka.
Kuyobora Amagambo: Ibibazo byo Kubaza
Noneho, mugihe urimo gusuzuma amagambo ukurikije igiciro kuri kilo, ni iki ukwiye gucukumbura? Ubwa mbere, sobanura ishingiro. Iki giciro kuri as-cast condition, cyangwa kirimo kurangiza bisanzwe? Nibihe byafashwe byateganijwe? Igiciro cyo gukoresha kirimo cyangwa gitandukanye?
Icya kabiri, baza kubijyanye no gutanga umusaruro. Amaduka azwi azagira umusaruro ugamije ukurikije igice cya geometrie nibikoresho. Niba batazaguha numero, witondere. Ikigereranyo cy'umusaruro muke ni ibendera ry'umutuku kubikorwa bidahungabana. Icya gatatu, andika neza ibisabwa byose nyuma yo gukina. Shaka amagambo atandukanye yo kuvura ubushyuhe, NDT, no gutunganya. Uku gukorera mu mucyo kugufasha kubona aho amafaranga nyayo agana.
Hanyuma, jya muri DFM. Guhendutse igiciro cyo gushora imari kuri kg akenshi biva mubishushanyo byubaha imbaraga zimbaraga nimbibi. Ohereza igishushanyo cyawe kubushobozi, butanga isoko hakiri kare. Ibitekerezo byabo kubyerekeranye nuburinganire bwurukuta, inguni zinguni, hamwe no guhuza ibintu bishobora kongera icyumweru mugihe cyagenwe ariko birashobora kuzigama 20% kubiciro byose. Ihindura iperereza ryoroshye ryibiciro mubufatanye, nuburyo rwose ugenzura ibiciro muri ubu bucuruzi. Umubare kuri kg ni urugi unyuramo kugirango utangire icyo kiganiro.
