Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'guta ibishashara byatakaye', bashushanya igice cyanyuma cyaka cyane - icyuma cya turbine, icyuma cyo kwa muganga, igice cyimitako ikomeye. Ikigenda hejuru, hafi buri gihe, ni ifumbire. Igikonoshwa ceramic ntabwo aribicuruzwa, ariko bitabaye ibyo ibicuruzwa ntibibaho. Numwanya mubi usobanura byose. Kandi hariho imyumvire isanzwe, ihenze yibeshya ko ibishashara ari igice gikomeye. Mubunararibonye bwanjye, niho imirimo nyayo itaratangira. Ifumbire niho inzira yatsindiye cyangwa yatakaye.
Umukino wa Shell: Byose Byerekeranye na Layeri
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeye igikonoshwa ubwacyo. Ntabwo ari ikintu kimwe cyo kwibiza. Ni umuhango. Utangirana ninteko ishashara - igiti, cluster, ibyo urimo gukora byose. Ikoti yambere, primaire yibanze, niyo ikomeye cyane. Ubu ni intera ifata buri kantu kose k'ibishashara byawe. Niba ufite ubuso bwo kurangiza bwa Ra 3.2 cyangwa burenze, iyi koti igena niba uzayikubita. Nabonye amaduka akoresha slurry ishingiye kuri zircon kuri iki cyiciro cya mbere, cyane cyane kubice byubunyangamugayo buke nkibiri mu kirere cyangwa mubuvuzi. Ifu yo kunanura hano ni nziza cyane, hafi nkifu wateka hamwe. Ibibyimba byose? Uzababona nyuma nka nodules kuri casting. Bijejwe.
Igikorwa cya stuccoing gikurikira buri kwibiza nubundi guhamagarwa. Ingano yingano ya stucco-yahujwe na silika, alumina, umucanga wa zircon - yiyongera kuri buri cyiciro. Stucco yambere irashobora kuba mesh 200, hafi umukungugu, kugirango ubungabunge amakuru arambuye. Ukoresheje ikote rya kane cyangwa gatanu, urimo gukoresha ibikoresho bya mesh 30-50 kugirango wubake umubyimba n'imbaraga za dewax hanyuma usuke. Injyana ni byose: kwibiza, kumena, stucco, byumye. Subiramo. Ibidukikije byumye ni umufatanyabikorwa ucecetse. Ubushuhe bukabije, kandi ibice ntibishobora gukira neza; igikonoshwa kiguma 'icyatsi' kandi gifite intege nke. Birashyushye cyane kandi byumye, kandi ushobora guhura nibishobora kuva vuba vuba. Nagize ibyumba mucyumba cyo kumisha kitagenzuwe neza nsohotse hamwe nuruhu rwuruhu rwerekana ibibazo nyuma.
Numubare wabyo? Ibyo ntabwo biva mu gitabo. Igishusho gito cy'umuringa gishobora kuvaho hamwe na 5-6. Nikel ishingiye kuri nikel superalloy turbine isuka kuri 1500 ° C +? Urimo kureba kuri 9, ahari ibice 12. Wubaka kugeza igikonoshwa gifite heft runaka, ijwi ryijimye iyo ukanze. Nibintu byoroshye. Intego nigikonoshwa gishobora kurokoka ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa dewaxing (ubusanzwe autoclave yamashanyarazi muriyi minsi) hanyuma igahagarika uruzi rwicyuma gishongeshejwe rudacogora cyangwa ngo rucike. Iyo niyo ntego yose ya yatakaye ibishashara.
Dewaxing: Akanya k'ukuri
Nibizamini byambere byukuri bya shell yawe. Ibyo byiciro byose byitondewe bigiye gushyuha. Uburyo bwa kera bwa flash-fire bwagiye ahanini-burimo akajagari, guhangayikishwa cyane nigikonoshwa. Noneho ni autoclave yumuvuduko ukabije. Ihame riroroshye: shyushya byihuse igikonjo, ushonga ibishashara bivuye imbere. Iyicwa ntabwo. Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe no kuzamuka k'umuvuduko ni resept. Byihuta cyane, kandi ibishashara byagutse birashobora guhuha igikonjo imbere imbere nka grenade. Buhoro cyane, kandi ibishashara birashobora gushonga no gutemba bitaringaniye, hasigara ibisigara bizashya nyuma bigatera inenge.
Ndibuka akazi kumubiri wibyuma bidafite ingese. Ibishashara byari binini. Twakoresheje cycle isanzwe ya autoclave. Igisubizo cyari 30% igipimo cyo kuvunika. Ibishashara, byafatiwe hagati yibice byimbitse, byagutse byihuse kuruta uko byashoboraga guhunga binyuze muri sisitemu y amarembo. Tugomba gusubira inyuma tugahindura ibishashara - kongeramo umuyaga w'imbere, guhindura igishushanyo cy'irembo - gusa kugirango tworohereze ibishashara. Byari isomo rikabije: igishushanyo mbonera gitangirana nigishashara, ariko kigomba kwemezwa kurwego rwa dewax. Igikonoshwa ntabwo cyoroshye; ni mubiganiro byubugizi bwa nabi n'ibishashara byateganijwe gusimburwa.
Kugarura ibishashara ni isi yacyo. Urabona ibishashara hanze, urabyungurura, ubihuza n'ibishashara bishya kugirango ubungabunge ibintu. Ariko iyo ni iyindi nkuru. Igikonoshwa ubu kirimo ubusa, cyoroshye, kandi gifashe umwobo wuzuye wigice cyawe. Yitwa icyatsi kibisi. Guhagarara ahakurikira: itanura.
Gutwika no Gusuka: Aho Chimie ibera
Itanura ryaka rikora imirimo ibiri: ikuraho ibimenyetso byose byanyuma byibishashara cyangwa ubushuhe, kandi bigacumura ibice bya ceramic hamwe, bigahindura igikonjo kibisi mo ifu ikomeye, monolithic. Igipimo cyo kuzamuka ni ngombwa nanone. Ugomba gutwika buhoro buhoro ibinyabuzima udashizeho imyuka imena igikonoshwa. Umuzenguruko usanzwe ushobora gufata kuri 200 ° C kumasaha, hanyuma ukazamuka gahoro gahoro kuri 900-1000 ° C. Ntabwo urimo gushyushya gusa; urimo guhindura chimie ya binder muri slurry.
Aha niho ubumenyi bwibintu ari ingenzi. Niba urimo gusuka imiti ya cobalt-chrome, ibishishwa byawe bigomba kurwanya ibyuma byinjira muri ubwo bushyuhe bwihariye. Igikonoshwa cyagenewe ibyuma bya karubone gishobora gusa gukoreshwa na cobalt, bigatera kwanduza hejuru. Ibigo bifite uburambe bwibintu byimbitse, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kubaka ubwo bumenyi mubikorwa byabo mumyaka mirongo. Kurubuga rwabo, tsingtaocnc.com, bavuga gukorana na cobalt na nikel ishingiye kuri alloys. Ibyo birambwira ko bashobora kuba barateguye igishishwa cyihariye - wenda hamwe na zircon yiyongereye cyangwa binders yihariye - kugirango bakemure ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwibyo bivanze. Ntabwo ari inzira rusange.
Iyo ifu ishyushye (akenshi usuka mugihe ikiri kuri dogere selisiyusi magana kugirango wirinde ihungabana ryumuriro no kuzamura amazi yicyuma), urasuka. Icyuma gikubita ceramic. Uyu ni umwanya yatakaye ibishashara garagaza agaciro kabo. Bagomba guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro, umuvuduko wa metallostatike, kandi ntibatume umwanda uwo ariwo wose. Igikonoshwa kitarashwe gishobora gusenyuka. Imwe yirukanye cyane irashobora gucika intege. Ni idirishya rifunganye.
Knockout na Ingaruka
Nyuma yo gukina bimaze gukomera no gukonja, urabona kumena ifu. Nibikorwa bishimishije, byubugizi bwa nabi - indege zamazi, kunyeganyega, rimwe na rimwe imbaraga zikaze. Igikonoshwa cyakozwe neza kigomba kuva mubice, ntabwo ari umukungugu. Niba ihindutse ifu, irashobora kuba yarashwe. Niba ihujwe nicyuma ahantu, ibyo ni reaction - ibikoresho bibi bya shitingi.
Ubuso bw'imbere bw'igikonoshwa, cyakoze ku cyuma, kivuga inkuru. Bikwiye kuba byoroshye. Niba ubonye ibintu bitameze neza, orange-ibishishwa hejuru yubururu, ibyo bisobanurwa neza kuri casting. Ubwo bubi akenshi buturuka ku ikoti rya mbere ryijimye rifite umubyimba mwinshi cyangwa stucco ya mbere idashyizwemo neza. Nibisobanuro byubucamanza bwa dip yawe ya mbere. Inenge zose ziri imbere imbere ziba ikintu cyiza kuri casting. Nta kwihisha.
Aha niho ikiguzi nyacyo cyinenge kiboneka. Urwobo rwo hejuru kuri casting rushobora gusya. Igicu kiva mugikonoshwa cyacitse? Nicyo gihombo cyuzuye, kandi wabuze agaciro kongerewe kuva mumashashara imbere. Ifumbire irashobora gukoreshwa, ariko nigiciro kinini gishobora gukoreshwa mumurongo.
Kurenga Ibisanzwe: Ingorabahizi no Guhamagarira Urubanza
Ibishushanyo byose ntabwo byaremewe kimwe. Tekereza ku gice gifite imiyoboro yimbitse, ifunganye - nk'isahani ikonjesha ya elegitoroniki. Kubona ibishishwa kugirango yambare neza imbere muri iyo miyoboro utarinze gufata umwuka ninzozi mbi. Urashobora gukenera gukoresha igifuniko gifashwa na vacuum, cyangwa no kuzenguruka igiti mugihe cyo kwibiza. Amazi atemba; guswera birashobora guhuriza hamwe no gukora ibibara binini bitera igikonjo nyuma.
Cyangwa ingirakamaro. Rimwe na rimwe, ukenera umwobo w'imbere udashobora gushingwa n'ibishashara byonyine. Winjiza ceramic cores mubishashara mbere yo kurasa. Noneho igikonoshwa cyawe kigomba guhuza cyangwa byibuze kwakira iyi nkingi mugihe cyo kurasa no gusuka. Itandukaniro ryubushyuhe butandukanye hagati yigikonoshwa nibikoresho byibanze ni ibintu bishya bihinduka. Niba batimukiye hamwe, intangiriro irashobora guhinduka cyangwa gucika, kwangiza geometrie y'imbere. Aka ni agace kateye imbere, aho ifumbire ihinduka imiterere.
Noneho hariho igipimo kinini. Nakoze ku biceri kubice birenga metero ndende. Igikonoshwa kubintu binini bigomba gushyigikira uburemere bwacyo mugihe cyo gukora. Ibikoresho byo kwibiza, gukama, no kwimura ibyo binini binini, byoroshye ni umushinga wubwubatsi ubwabwo. Ntushobora gukurikiza igitabo gusa. Utezimbere amayeri - ibicuruzwa byihariye, byumye byumye. Niho imyaka 30 ikora, nkibyo QSY ivuga, bihindura muburyo bwimizi, bwo gukemura ibibazo. Wiga uko igikonoshwa cyiza cyumva kumoko atandukanye yimiterere. Nubukorikori butondetse hejuru ya siyanse.
Iyo rero urebye neza gushora imari, ntubone icyuma gusa. Reba umuzimu wa ceramic shell yabikoze. Buri kontour, buri buso burangiye, urukuta ruto rwose ni gihamya yubwiza nubugenzuzi bwibyo byumba, byashyizwe ahagaragara yatakaye ibishashara. Nubuhamya butavuzwe, bwangiritse kubikorwa byose. Kubona neza ntabwo ari intambwe mubikorwa; ni inzira. Ibindi byose nukwitegura cyangwa gusukura.
