Iyo abantu bumvise 'ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze', bakunze gushushanya ibintu binini, bitangaje - ibiti bya Noheri, indangagaciro nini hasi. Ibyo ni ubugenzuzi rusange. Inkuru nyayo, imwe ikomeza ibikorwa ikora cyangwa ikabazana gusya, iri mubintu bitagushimishije. Inzitizi nyinshi, sub, inzu ya sensor, ibyuma bya pompe. Ibi nibice aho ubunyangamugayo nibintu bidasobanutse neza kurupapuro; nibyo bihagaze hagati yuburyo busanzwe bwo kubungabunga nigihe cyibiza bidatanga umusaruro (NPT). Nabonye imishinga myinshi aho icyerekezo cyubwubatsi cyari hejuru cyane, gusa naje gukandagirwa nicyiciro cyibikoresho bitujuje ubuziranenge cyangwa ibyuma bifata ubushyuhe bidahuye neza na serivisi zisharira. Aho niho ubuhanga nyabwo, nigiciro nyacyo, bishyingurwa.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari umubare wamanota gusa
Ntushobora gutumiza 316 gusa kandi ukayita umunsi. Kuri ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze gukorera mubutaka cyangwa munsi yinyanja, icyemezo cyibintu nubutumwa bwiza bwa mbere. Ariko siyo yonyine. Ndibuka umushinga wibikoresho byumuvuduko mwinshi frac igiti aho kwibagirwa byinjiye hamwe na ASTM A182 F316L certs. Ku mpapuro, biratunganye. Ariko mugihe cyo gutunganya amaduka dukorana, abakanishi babonye imyenda idahuye hamwe nuburyo butandukanye muburyo bwo gukora chip. Ikintu cyumvise nabi. Twasunikishije ibizamini byinyongera, bitari bisanzwe - kugenzura ibirimo ferrite, guhuza umubare uhwanye numubare (PREN) kugenzura birenze byibuze bisanzwe. Hindura, chimie yashonze yari kumurongo wo hasi wa spec ya molybdenum. Mubisanzwe bisanzwe, birashobora kuba byararenganye. Kubintu bikungahaye kuri chloride, umuvuduko ukabije wibidukikije byari bigenewe, byari urusimbi tudashobora gufata. Twanze ubufindo. Icyo cyemezo, gishingiye ku 'byiyumvo' biva mu mashini, cyakijije ikibazo gishobora kugenzurwa nyuma. Nibi granulaire, hafi yibitekerezo byicyuma ubwacyo gitandukanya abatanga igice.
Niyo mpamvu umubano wigihe kirekire na fondasiyo na mashini babona ibi ari ntagereranywa. Nakoranye na Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) mumishinga myinshi mumyaka. Amateka yabo muri Igikonoshwa na gushora imari kumyaka irenga mirongo itatu bivuze ko babonye ubwihindurize bwibintu bifatika. Iyo muganiriye ku gice cyamazi ya pompe yicyondo cyangwa imitwe ya choke valve, ntabwo baba batekereza kumiterere gusa; barimo gutekereza ku miterere yingano ya 17-4PH idafite umwanda nyuma yo gusaza, cyangwa uburyo ibivangwa na cobalt bizitwara mugihe gikora CNC itoroshye yo gutembera imbere. Urwo rwibutso rwinzego muri casting na Imashini ya CNC ya peteroli ya peteroli ni ikintu udashobora kugura ijoro ryose.
Guhindukira kugana ibintu bidasanzwe kuri serivisi ikabije - tekereza Inconel 718 kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwumuvuduko mwinshi (HTHP) cyangwa ibyuma bya duplex bitagira umuyonga kugirango byangirika - byatumye ibi binenga cyane. Gukora nikel ishingiye kuri nikel ntabwo ari nko gutunganya ibyuma bya karubone; ibipimo biratandukanye, ibikoresho biratandukanye, gukonja biratandukanye. Amaduka ayifata nkikindi cyuma gikomeye azashya binyuze mubikoresho, atere micro-crack, kandi abangamire ubuzima bwigice mbere yuko ava mu ruganda. Ubuhanga bushingiye ku kudoda urunigi rwose rwo gukora, kuva uburyo bwo gukina kugeza kumashanyarazi ya nyuma, kugeza kuri metallurgie yihariye.
Icyitonderwa: Aho Gufunga Bihagije Bitwara Miliyoni
Ubworoherane muriki gice ntabwo ari ubwiza. Umwirondoro wurudodo uhagarikwa nibihumbi bike bya santimetero birashobora gusobanura guhuza ntabwo bizagerageza ikizamini. Ubuso bwa kashe hamwe na Ra kurangiza bikabije, cyangwa bibi, byoroshye kandi ntibishobora kwicara neza, bizasohoka. Ibi nabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe nicyiciro cya API 6A adaptate adapt. Ibice byasaga neza, ibipimo byari mubicapiro byavuzwe. Ariko mugihe cyo kwisiga kuri rig, umurongo wa torque wari wibeshye. Ikibazo? Urudodo rwumuzi wa radiyo, ibisobanuro ntabwo buri gihe bigenzurwa cyane kuri raporo yubugenzuzi, byari kumpera yumutwe wihanganirana, bitera kwivanga mugihe cyanyuma. Igisubizo: gukubita, gukurikirwa no gushakisha ubwoba kubice byasimbuwe namasaha 36 yigihe gito. Igiciro cyibice nticyari gito ugereranije na NPT.
Aha niho hateye imbere Imashini ya CNC no kugenzura ubuziranenge bukomeye. Ntabwo ari ukugira urusyo rwa 5-axis gusa; bijyanye na programming, fixturing, murwego rwo gupima. Kubice bigoye nkibibanza bihuza amazu yo munsi yinyanja cyangwa kugenzura umubiri wa valve hamwe na bores ihuza, urutonde rwibikorwa ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde kugoreka imihangayiko. Isosiyete nka QSY, hamwe nigice cyabigenewe cyo gutunganya imashini, irumva ko gukina ari kimwe cya kabiri cyintambara. Imashini niho havuka imikorere ya geometrie nibikorwa bikomeye byo gufunga ibimenyetso. Bagomba gucunga imihangayiko isigaye kuva muri casting mugihe cyo gutunganya, bisaba ubumenyi bwimbitse.
Ikindi kintu gikunze kwirengagizwa ni ugukurikirana. Buri kunegura ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze igice akeneye ibisekuru. Ibyo bivuze gukurikiranwa kuva igice cyanyuma cyakozwe gisubira kumubare wubushyuhe bwibikoresho fatizo, binyuze muri buri kizamini kidasenya (NDT) nka UT, MT, cyangwa PT. Mu igenzura cyangwa, ijuru ririnde, iperereza ryatsinzwe, impapuro ni ngombwa nkigice ubwacyo. Sisitemu ikomeye hano ivuga byinshi kubyerekeye ubuhanga bwabatanga isoko.
Guhitamo Abakinnyi: Birenze Ibiciro
Igikonoshwa cyibishushanyo hamwe nishoramari - ntabwo byoroshye haba / cyangwa. Buriwese ufite domaine yibice ecosystem. Kubice binini, byoroshye byoroshye bya geometrie ikeneye uburinganire bwimiterere nubuso bwiza burangiye kuruta guta umucanga gakondo - tekereza imibiri ya valve, inzu ya gearbox, cyangwa pompe nini - Igikonoshwa ni Akazi. Itanga impirimbanyi nziza yikiguzi, ibipimo bifatika, nigipimo cyumusaruro uciriritse kugeza hejuru.
Ariko iyo winjiye mubice hamwe na geometrike igoye, urukuta ruto, cyangwa ibisabwa bidasanzwe byo kurangiza, gushora imari (inzira yatakaye-ibishashara) iza mubyayo. Tekereza ibyuma bya turbine kubaguzi ba turbo, inzu ziyungurura, cyangwa ibice byo gupima-mugihe cyo gucukura (MWD). Ubushobozi bwo gukora hafi-net-shusho yibice bifite inguni ntoya igabanya ingano ya aliyumu ihenze igomba gukenerwa nyuma, ikaba ari ikiguzi kinini kubikoresho nka Inconel cyangwa Hastelloy. Ikibi nigihe cyo kuyobora hamwe nigiciro cyibishushanyo mbonera. Icyemezo gishingiye kumikorere y igice, ubwinshi, nigiciro cyose cyubutaka mugihe imashini ikozwe.
Nakuye ibice muri QSY nkoresheje uburyo bwombi. Kugirango ukore ibintu bigenzura ibintu byimbere hamwe na porting imbere, shell molding byari amahitamo meza. Kubice byinshi bya ruswa idashobora kwangirika ya choke trim ibice bifite uduce duto, neza neza gutemba, gushora imari niyo nzira yonyine yo kugera kubunyangamugayo bukenewe. Utanga isoko ashobora gutanga kandi akagira inama muburyo bwombi, aho gusunika imwe kuko nubushobozi bwabo bwonyine, numufatanyabikorwa wingenzi. Bivuze ko bakemura ibisubizo byiza byo gukora, ntabwo buzuza gusa itegeko.
Kunanirwa nkigikorwa cyo guhatira
Ntabwo rwose wiga kubice kugeza ikintu kimenetse. Imyaka mike ishize, twagize ikibazo cyagarutsweho no kwambara imburagihe kuri pompe muri pompe yumuvuduko mwinshi. Ibikoresho byari ibyuma bisanzwe byometseho ibyuma, ibyuma byujujwe, ariko byananiranye mugihe gito cyubuzima bwabo. Igisubizo cyambere kwari ugushinja imikorere yimikorere. Ariko nyuma yo gusenya ibice byinshi byananiranye no kubigereranya nibyakomeje, twabonye itandukaniro rito muri microstructure yubuso bwa kashe. Ibice byatsinze byari bifite imiterere ihamye, nziza yintete kuva muburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yimashini.
Gukosora ntabwo byari ibintu bishya, ahubwo byari igenzura rikomeye hamwe nibisobanuro bya post-Imashini ya CNC uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe - ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, uburyo bwo kuzimya, byose. Twahinduye igishushanyo nigikorwa cyo gukora (MPS) kugirango dufunge ibi. Ubu ni ubwoko burambuye butandukanya igice cyibicuruzwa nibintu byizewe. Bikunze gusaba ubufatanye nuwabikoze yiteguye gucukumbura ibikorwa byabo. Ntabwo ari umurimo ushimishije, ariko nicyo kirinda gutsindwa.
Aya masomo atekwa mubishushanyo bizaza. Noneho, mugihe ugaragaza igice kubisabwa bisa, ikiganiro gitangirana, Wibuke ikibazo cya plunger? Tugomba kwerekana ubushyuhe bwo kuvura protocole neza kuri PO, kandi dukeneye inyandiko zuzuye. Ihatira umubano urambuye, kurushaho gufatanya nuwakoze ibice.
Agaciro nyako k'umufatanyabikorwa muremure
Amaherezo, gushakisha ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze ntabwo ari umukino wubucuruzi wo gushaka abapiganwa bo hasi. Byerekeranye no gucunga ibyago. Ibyago byamafaranga ya NPT dwarfs amafaranga yose yo kuzigama kubiciro byigice. Iyo ubonye uruganda rwanyuze mukuzenguruka - gutera imbere, amabisi, ibintu bigenda bihindagurika hamwe numutekano wumutekano - ugura mubyo byegeranijwe, rimwe na rimwe bibabaza, uburambe.
Isosiyete nka QSY, ifite amateka yimyaka 30 mu gukina no gutunganya, ikubiyemo ibyo. Bashobora kuba barabonye impinduka zisobanutse kuva API 6A kugeza 6AV1, bamenyereye ibyifuzo bya NORSOK M-650 kubikorwa byinyanja y'Amajyaruguru, kandi bakoze ibintu byose uhereye kumyuma yibanze kugeza kuri super duplex ibyuma bitagira umuyonga. Ayo mateka bivuze ko bashobora kumenya ibibazo. Bashobora kureba igishushanyo bakavuga bati, Twakoze ikintu gisa na manifold mu kigobe. Ubunini bw'urukuta hano ku masangano bushobora kuba ikibazo cyo gutinyuka; wigeze utekereza gusubiramo gato kugirango utere neza? Ubwoko bwibitekerezo ni zahabu.
Ihindura umubano kuva umuguzi-utanga imbaraga imbaraga zikorana buhanga. Intego iva mubikorwa byo gukora igice gusa kugirango dufatanye guteza imbere ibice byizewe bikora murwego. Nibyo bidafatika urimo nyuma. Iyo igitutu kiri, kandi ukeneye igice cyingenzi uzi ko kizakomeza, ubwo bufatanye nicyo wishingikirizaho, kuruta umubare wubuguzi.
