Reka tuvuge kubyerekeranye na gravit ihoraho. Nimwe mumagambo atabwa hirya no hino, akenshi ahuzagurika hamwe nibikorwa byose bihoraho, ariko hariho ubwiza bwihariye kuri bwo bitajya buhura. Igitekerezo gikocamye? Ko ari fancier gusa, verisiyo yimikorere yo guta umucanga. Ntabwo aribyo. Fizika yo gusuka, gucunga ubushyuhe bwicyuma ubwacyo-niho ubukorikori nyabwo buri. Ntabwo wuzuza akavuyo gusa; urimo kugenzura ibyabaye bikomeye kurukuta rukonje. Byumvikane neza, kandi imiterere yubukanishi ni nziza. Wibeshye, kandi urimo kureba imbeho ikonje, amakosa, cyangwa ibibi, kunanirwa imburagihe. Nabonye amaduka asimbuka yibwira ko ari ibintu byoroshye biva mubikorwa byabo bihari, gusa gutwika umwanya munini hamwe nicyuma cyerekana uburinganire bwumuriro.
Ihame ryibanze: Byose bijyanye nubushyuhe bwa Thermal
Ku mutima wacyo, imbaraga za rukuruzi zihoraho isobanurwa no kubura igitutu cyo hanze. Icyuma cyinjira mu mwobo wububiko gusa munsi yingufu zikomeye. Ibi bisa nkibyoroshye, ariko birategeka byose. Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu ihinduka ingirakamaro - ntabwo ari ukugaburira gusa, ahubwo no kugenzura imvururu. Urashaka kuzuza laminari kugirango wirinde okiside. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye kumushinga hakiri kare amazu ya pompe marine. Isoko ryambere ryamanutse ryari rito cyane, bituma aluminiyumu yinjira mu cyuho. Abakinnyi basaga neza neza, ariko X-ray yerekanye inzira ya firime ya oxyde kumuhanda. Kunanirwa mugupima igitutu. Tugomba gusubira inyuma, kwagura amasoko, kongeramo umunwa, no gushiramo akayunguruzo. Umusaruro wafashe intera muntangiriro, ariko ubunyangamugayo bwigice.
Ibikoresho byabumbwe nundi mukinnyi wingenzi. Mubisanzwe, ibyo bikozwe mubyuma cyangwa ibyuma, rimwe na rimwe byinjizwamo ibishishwa ahantu hambaye cyane. Ntabwo zihoraho muburyo butagira akagero. Batesha agaciro umukino wo gusiganwa ku magare. Ubuso butezimbere micro-ibice, ibipimo birashobora kugenda. Imyitozo myiza nukwandika inzinguzingo kuburwo bukomeye no gutunganya gahunda cyangwa kongera gukora. Ndibuka gukorana nuwabitanze, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ku ruhererekane rw'ibyuma byoroheje. Ubunararibonye bwabo, bumaze imyaka irenga 30 mugukina no gutunganya, bwerekanye muburyo bwabo. Ntabwo batanze gusa ibishushanyo; batanze ibiti byo gusiganwa ku magare kandi basaba uburyo bwihariye bwo gutera amavuta yo kwisiga ku maso, byongereye ubuzima bwa 30% hafi yo gusaba. Nubwoko bwibitekerezo bifatika, birebire biva muburambe bwububiko.
Aho iyi nzira imurika rwose hamwe nibisumizi byunguka byihuse, icyerekezo. Aluminium na magnesium alloys ni abakandida ba kera. Ubukonje buva mubyuma butunganya ingano, biguha imbaraga zingutu no gukomera ugereranije no guta umucanga. Kubintu nkumutwe wa silinderi yimodoka cyangwa igicucu cyindege igoye, ibyo ntibishobora kuganirwaho. Ariko ugomba kuba umunyabwenge kubyerekeranye ninzibacyuho. Igice kinini cyane kuruhande rwurubavu ruto ruzakonja kurwego rutandukanye, bitera guhangayika. Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba kongeramo imiyoboro yo gushyushya cyangwa gukonjesha muburyo, cyangwa gushushanya muburyo bukonje niba ugiye tekinoroji. Ni urujijo.
Ibitekerezo bifatika: Ntabwo Byose Bisuka Kimwe
Mugihe aluminium ari umwana wicyapa, imbaraga za rukuruzi zihoraho ntabwo bigarukira gusa. Twakoze ubukangurambaga bwatsinze hamwe n'umuringa ushingiye ku muringa ndetse no mu byiciro bimwe na bimwe by'icyuma. Ariko buri bikoresho bikurwanya muburyo butandukanye. Aluminium irashaka kugabanuka cyane kandi irashobora guhita ishwanyagurika niba kubumba ari hejuru cyane. Umuringa wumuringa ufite ubushyuhe bwinshi, bushobora kuba inkota ityaye-ikomeye yo kugaburira, ariko birashobora gutuma umuntu akomera hakiri kare mu bice bito niba ifu yawe idashyushye bihagije mugitangira kwiruka.
Aha niho ubuhanga bwibikoresho byumushinga bwibanze. Urebye aho QSY igeze, akazi kabo hamwe nuduseke twihariye nka nikel-ishingiye kuri cobalt hamwe na cobalt yo gushora imari iramenyesha uburyo bwabo ndetse no muburyo buhoraho. Basobanukiwe nuburyo ibimera bidasanzwe bitwara ubushyuhe. Kurugero, gusuka nikel ndende cyane ya nikel mububiko bwicyuma gikonje bisaba ibibazo - ihungabana ryumuriro rishobora gutuma ifu yameneka cyangwa icyuma kigahita cyihuta. Mbere yo gushyushya ibumba kumurongo wihariye, ugenzurwa nubushyuhe buba intambwe yambere ikomeye, ntabwo ari ibitekerezo. Nibisobanuro birambuye bitandukanya imikorere ikorwa hamwe.
Material-fluidity nundi mucamanza ucecetse. Igice kirekire, cyoroshye mugice cyashushanyije ntigishobora kuba ikibazo muguterera umucanga hamwe nububiko bwacyo, ariko muburyo bukonje, icyuma gishobora gutakaza ubushyuhe vuba kandi kikagusiga nabi. Akenshi ugomba gutandukana kubishushanyo mbonera, wenda ukongeza urukuta igice cya milimetero, cyangwa ukongeramo umushinga muto utari wateganije. Numushyikirano uhoraho hagati yuburyo bwiza nukuri kwa fiziki.
Gukora Intoki: As-Cast Ntabwo Umurongo Wanyuma
Bake cyane imbaraga za rukuruzi zihoraho jya mu iteraniro. Hafi ya byose bisaba urwego runaka rwo gutunganya. Aha niho guhuza casting na CNC gutunganya munsi yinzu, nko kuri QSY, bitanga inyungu nini. Guhuza ibipimo biva muburyo bwiza buhoraho nibyiza, ariko ntabwo ari imashini-kwihanganira ibyiza. Uzagira amafaranga yo gutunganya.
Urufunguzo ni uguhuzagurika. Niba ibikorwa byawe byo gukina bihamye, ikigega gisigaye cyo gutunganya kirateganijwe. Ibi bituma abategura porogaramu ya CNC bahindura inzira zabo hamwe nibikoresho byabo. Nabaye mubihe aho abatanga casting hamwe niduka ryimashini byari ibintu bitandukanye. Abakanishi bahoraga binubira ahantu hakomeye cyangwa ubunini bwurukuta ruhinduka, barya ibikoresho. Iyo caster na mashini biri mubiganiro bimwe uhereye mugitangira, ibyo bibazo birategurwa cyangwa bikabarwa. Caster izi isura igaragara neza irangiza kandi irashobora kwemeza neza nku-bwiza.
Nyuma yo guta ubushyuhe bwo kuvura nubundi ikiraro cyo gutunganya. Ibikoresho byinshi bya aluminiyumu biva muburyo buhoraho bivura T6 ibisubizo no gusaza. Ibi bigabanya imihangayiko kandi bitezimbere imbaraga, ariko nanone bitera kugenda murwego runaka. Uhagaritse guhuza utanga ibisobanuro arikurikirana. Barashobora gukora ubushyuhe, hanyuma bagashiramo igice, byose mugihe babaze kugoreka ibintu byateganijwe mubikorwa byabo. Itunganya urunigi rwose kandi igabanya ibyago byigice cyiza cyangiritse mugikorwa cya kabiri.
Iyo bigenze nabi: Amasomo avuye mu bikoresho bishaje
Ntabwo ikiganiro ari inyangamugayo utavuze kunanirwa. Ububiko bumwe bugaragara burimo icyiciro cya aluminiyumu. Igishushanyo cyari gifite umufuka wimbitse, wigunze. Igishushanyo mbonera cyarimo icyuma cyo gukora. Twatekereje ko twabonye imicungire yubushyuhe. Ibice bike byambere byari byiza, ariko kurasa rya makumyabiri, twatangiye kubona ububobere bwo kugabanuka muri uwo mufuka. Ikibazo? Icyuma cyakoreshaga ubushyuhe ariko nticyari gifite uburyo bwo kugikwirakwiza neza. Byahindutse ubushyuhe, hanyuma bishyushye, bihagarika icyerekezo gikenewe twari dukeneye. Igisubizo nticyari gikonje cyane; byari bijyanye no gukuramo ubushyuhe. Tugomba guhindura intangiriro hamwe n'umuzunguruko w'amazi. Byari bishushanyije bihenze byatwigishije kwerekana icyitegererezo gusa, ariko nubushyuhe bwa buri kintu cyose.
Undi mutego wa kera ni ugusuzugura umushinga. Kugirango ubone igice kivuye mubyuma, ukeneye umushinga. Rimwe na rimwe, kugirango uhure na cosmetike cyangwa aerodynamic igaragara, abashushanya bashaka kugabanya. Twagerageje hafi ya zeru kumurongo wa magnesium inshuro imwe, twishingikirije kumiterere yo murwego rwohejuru irangiza na sisitemu ya ejector. Cyakoze kumirongo igera kuri mirongo itanu. Hanyuma, microscopique ubukana buturuka kumagare yubushyuhe bwatangiye gufata casting. Twari dufite gukomera, biganisha ku kugoreka mugihe cyo gusohora. Tugomba guhagarara, kongera gukora imashini, no kongeramo umushinga tugomba kugira kuva mbere. Rimwe na rimwe, amategeko shingiro arahari kubwimpamvu.
Gusiga amavuta nubuhanzi bwayo bwijimye. Umuti wibumba (uruvange rwa grafite, silikate, cyangwa ibindi bintu bivangwa mumazi) ukora ibintu bitatu: ifasha kurekura igice, itanga inzitizi yumuriro kugirango igenzure igipimo gikomeye, kandi irinda ubuso. Gutera bike cyane biganisha ku gukomera. Gusasira cyane cyangwa bitaringaniye bitera ubukonje bukabije nubuso bwubuso. Nubuhanga bwintoki bufata igihe cyo kwiteza imbere. Gutangiza spray nibyiza kubwo guhuzagurika, ariko uracyakeneye ijisho ryumuntu kugirango urebe aho byubatswe cyangwa byabuze. Nintambwe itigera ibona ubwiza ariko irashobora gukora cyangwa kugabanya umusaruro wawe.
Niche na Kazoza: Aho Bihuye
Noneho imbaraga za rukuruzi zihoraho wicare mubidukikije bikora? Ntabwo ari miriyoni-yimikorere-ibyo ni umuvuduko ukabije wo gupfa. Kandi ntabwo ari kuri prototypes imwe-iyo ni icapiro rya 3D cyangwa guta umucanga. Ikibanza cyacyo kiryoshye ni iciriritse kugeza murwego rwo hejuru rwibintu bifite ireme-byingenzi, aho imitungo isumba iyindi ya metallurgjique yerekana igiciro cyinshi cyo gukoresha ugereranije no guta umucanga, ariko ingano ntisobanura neza ko amafaranga menshi yakoreshejwe mumashanyarazi yihuta. Tekereza ubunini kuva ku bihumbi bike kugeza ku bihumbi ijana ku mwaka.
Ibihe bizaza, ntekereza ko biri muburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura no kumenya ibintu. Sensors yashyizwe mubibumbano kugirango ikurikirane ubushyuhe mugihe nyacyo, kugaburira amakuru kugirango uhindure igihe cyangwa spray cycle. Gukoresha inyongeramusaruro kugirango habeho imiyoboro ikonjesha ihuza ibice, ikemura ibyo bibazo byubushyuhe bwumuriro twakoresheje mukurwanya gukeka. Kandi uko ibinure bigenda bihindagurika, cyane cyane ibinure byoroheje kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi hamwe nikirere, icyifuzo cyibikorwa bitanga impirimbanyi nziza yimitungo, igiciro, nubunini bizakomeza ubu buryo.
Ninzira isaba kubaha ibyingenzi. Nta buto bw'amarozi. Bisaba gusobanukirwa byimbitse kubyuma, guhererekanya ubushyuhe, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera, byose bihurira mugihe cyo gusuka. Iyo ubonye sosiyete nka QSY urutonde rwibishushanyo mbonera, gushora imari, hamwe na CNC gutunganya hamwe nubushobozi bwabo, bivuga muburyo rusange bwo gukora ibyuma. Barabyumva imbaraga za rukuruzi zihoraho ntabwo ari ikirwa; ni ihuriro mumurongo utangirana nuwashongeshejwe ukarangirana nibintu byuzuye. Kandi kubona urunigi neza nibyo bitandukanya utanga ibice numufatanyabikorwa wukuri.
