Iyo wabaye hafi ya casting no gutunganya igihe cyose dufite kuri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan, utezimbere imyumvire runaka kubikoresho. Birashimishije kangahe ifu ya metallurgie ibice uzamuke mubiganiro nabakiriya bashaka ubundi buryo. Hariho imyumvire imwe yuko PM aribwo buryo bugezweho, busobanutse neza bwo gukemura ikibazo, birashoboka ko bihendutse kandi bikora neza kuruta uburyo gakondo nkibyingenzi byacu Igikonoshwa cyangwa gushora imari. Rimwe na rimwe ibyo ni ukuri. Ariko kenshi na kenshi, ukuri ni akajagari, kandi guhitamo ntabwo bisobanutse neza. Biterwa rwose na porogaramu idashobora kuganirwaho: ni ibijyanye na geometrike igoye imbere, imbaraga zihebuje munsi yubushyuhe, cyangwa igiciro cyigice cyigiciro kinini? Nabonye imishinga aho guhindukira kuri PM byari intambwe nziza, nabandi aho byatumye inzira ituje, ihenze cyane yo gusubira inyuma.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho
Umugati wacu wa buri munsi ni ibyuma nkibyuma, ibyuma bitandukanye, nibintu bikomeye - bishingiye kuri nikel hamwe na cobalt. Ibi birashonga kandi bigasukwa. Ifu ya metallurgie ibice tangirira ahantu hatandukanye: ifu nziza yicyuma ikanda kandi igacumura. Inyungu ihita ni hafi-net ishusho ya geometrike runaka, cyane cyane izifite urwego rwinshi cyangwa ibintu byoroshye bya axial. Urashobora kugabanya imashini, nigiciro kinini cyo kuzigama. Twari dufite umukiriya rimwe hamwe nubunini buringaniye bwa lever, mubusanzwe inteko yashyizweho kashe kandi isudira. Bakoze ubushakashatsi kuri PM, kandi kuri kiriya gice, byari byiza. Ubucucike bwari buhagije, kwihanganira byarafashwe, kandi igiciro kuri buri gice cyaragabanutse cyane. Byasobanutse.
Ariko rero, urenze imipaka. Iyo ikiganiro gihindutse ibice byuburinganire bwuzuye, cyangwa ibice byugarije ubushyuhe bukabije hamwe na ruswa - vuga, mubidukikije bya turbine cyangwa gutunganya imiti ikaze - ihinduka rya calculus. Ibikoresho byacapwe, kabone niyo byahimbwe nyuma (P / M guhimba), birashobora guharanira guhuza microstructure ya homogenous, idafite inenge ya microstructure yubushoramari bwakozwe neza, cyane cyane mubuvanganzo bwihariye. Hama hariho ubwo bwitonzi bwo gusuzuma. Ntabwo byanze bikunze ari inenge; ni umwihariko. Ariko niba igice cyawe kidashobora kugira ubushobozi ubwo aribwo bwose buhujwe nigitutu, uhita usubira inyuma ugana icyuma gishongeshejwe.
Ndibuka isesengura ryihariye ryatsinzwe twasabwe kugisha inama. Icyicaro cyumuringa wicyuma cyicaro nticyakoraga muburyo bwo kwangirika, kwizunguruka cyane. Ikibazo cyakomotse ku bucucike budahuye mu gice cyihariye, ikibazo cya minisitiri w’intebe, biganisha ku nzira yo kwangirika no gutangira. Igisubizo, nyuma yinyuma-yinyuma, ntabwo cyari uguhindura gahunda ya PM ahubwo ni uguhindura CF8M idasobanutse neza binyuze mumashoramari. Igiciro cyigice cyazamutse, ariko igiciro cyubuzima cyaragabanutse. Nubwoko bw'isomo rifatika utibagiwe.
Aho Casting na PM Gutandukana (kandi Rimwe na rimwe Guhura)
Ntabwo aribyo gutangaza ikoranabuhanga rimwe risumba ayandi. Byerekeranye. Kuri QSY, hamwe na mirongo yacu muri Igikonoshwa na gushora imari, tubona icyicaro cyacu neza. Kubintu bidasanzwe, geometrike yometse kuri geometrike muri ayo mavuta adasanzwe, gukina akenshi ntibishoboka. Tekereza uwimuka ufite ibyuma bigoramye, bimeze nka aerofoil. Kugerageza gukanda ko kuva ifu ninzozi mbi; kuyiterera nibisobanutse neza, niba byoroshye, ubuhanzi. Ubuso burangirira kumurongo mwiza wubutaka nabwo busanzwe buruta ubuso bwacumuye, bukenera ibikorwa bya kabiri.
Ariko, kwirukana PM byaba ari ubupfu. Kuburyo bworoshye, busa nkibikoresho, ibihuru, cyangwa ibinyabiziga bimwe na bimwe, PM ni nyampinga wubukungu. Gukoresha ibikoresho biratangaje-bike kubusa. Icyo twize nuko intambwe nyuma yo gucumura ariho isi ishobora kugongana. Aho niho hacu Imashini ya CNC ubuhanga buza gukoreshwa. Benshi ifu ya metallurgie ibice bisaba gutunganya neza kubintu bikomeye nyuma yo gucumura. Twakoze ibice bitabarika byacumuye - kongeramo insanganyamatsiko, kubaha bores, gukora igorofa risobanutse. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya biratandukanye; urimo gukata ibintu byoroshye, bityo ibikoresho byubuzima nibiciro byo kugaburira bikeneye guhinduka. Nibyiyumvo bitandukanye kububiko.
Hariho kandi umwanya wa Hybrid: Metal Injection Molding (MIM), bisa na mubyara wa PM cyane. Yemerera imiterere nini kuruta gukanda bisanzwe. Twatanze imashini ikozwe nyuma yaje gusimburwa nibice bya MIM kugirango ikoreshwe ibikoresho byubuvuzi, aho inomero yagaragazaga igiciro kinini cyibikoresho kandi igitambo gito mumbaraga zirenze cyemewe. Urufunguzo rwari itumanaho rifunguye kubyerekeranye no gucuruza kuva murwego rwa mbere.
Ukuri Kwihanganirana nubunini
Ingingo y'ingenzi yo kwitiranya ibintu ni kwihanganira. Udutabo two kugurisha dushobora gutondekanya imibare ishimishije kuri PM. Ariko ibyo bikunze kuba kumurongo umwe, utezimbere murwego rwo kugenzura umusaruro. Mubikorwa nyabyo-byisi murwego rwose, impinduka zirashobora kuba nyinshi kuruta gukora imashini ziva mubutaka bukomeye. Kubera iki? Impinduka zingana mugihe cyo gucumura ntabwo ari kimwe; Biterwa nifu ya poro, ubushyuhe bwitanura, hamwe no gushyira igice. Kubice bisaba kwihanganira +/- 0.025mm kuri bore ikomeye, guhera kumashusho yegeranye hafi ya net ntishobora kubika amafaranga mugihe ugomba gukora imashini 90% yubuso uko byagenda kose kugirango ukubite neza. Mu bihe nk'ibi, rimwe na rimwe biroroshye cyane gutangirana na mashini ishobora guterwa ubusa.
Umubumbe nuwundi munyagitugu. Igikoresho gikomeye cyo gukanda cyane PM kanda bihenze. Gukoresha ibice 50.000 kumwaka, biroroshye bifite ishingiro. Kubice 500? Hafi ya. Ibikorwa byacu byo gukina, cyane cyane ibishushanyo mbonera, birashobora guhinduka cyane kurwego rwo hasi kugeza hagati. Ibikoresho by'icyitegererezo bihendutse kandi byoroshye kubihindura. Ihinduka ni ikintu turimo Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) agaciro cyane, nkuko itwemerera gukora neza hamwe nitsinda rinini hamwe niterambere-urwego rwiterambere.
Nicaye mubishushanyo mbonera aho injeniyeri ukiri muto ashimangira PM kuko igitabo cyavuze ko cyakoze. Ariko iyo tugabanije igiciro cyose - ibikoresho, gucumura, gutunganya ibikenewe bya kabiri, hamwe ningaruka zo gusibanganywa - ugereranije nigiciro cyo gukina hakoreshejwe imashini ntoya, imibare ikunze guhindagurika, cyane cyane kumanota ya alloy dukunze gukora. Gutandukana-ndetse ingingo irarenze benshi babitekereza.
Amasomo yo mu iduka ryimashini
Icyemezo gihora mumashini. Urashobora kuvuga byinshi kubyerekeye inkomoko yikigice nukuntu yitwara ku ruganda rwa CNC cyangwa umusarani. Igice cyakinwe, niba inzira ari nziza, imashini zifite guhanura guhoraho. Imipira imeneka neza. A. ifu ya metallurgie igice ifite ukundi. Ibikoresho byahagaritswe birashobora gutuma gukata byunvikana gato, kandi ibikoresho byo kwambara bitandukanye. Ubukonje bwinjira mubyifuzo nabyo birashobora kuba ikibazo, rimwe na rimwe bigatera umwanda cyangwa nyuma yo kwinjira. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare, dukora igice cyumuringa wacumuye. Coolant yaguye mu mwobo nyuma arasohoka, atera ruswa mu nteko. Noneho, kubice byingenzi bya PM, dukunze kwerekana inshinge cyangwa kuvura kashe mbere yo gutunganya bwa nyuma, byongera intambwe nigiciro.
Iyi ntoki-ku bitekerezo byingirakamaro ni ntagereranywa. Itsinda ryacu ryimashini ritanga ibitekerezo bitaziguye kubaterankunga bacu hamwe naba PM bo hanze. Bazavuga bati, Iki gice cyurukuta ku gice cyacumuye kiroroshye cyane ku mbaraga zo gufatira zikenewe mu gukora imashini zinyuranye, cyangwa Ubuso bwa as-cast hano ni bwiza cyane bwo kurangiza hamwe na hone yoroheje. Ubu bumenyi bufatika, urwego-rwibanze ruhindura ibyifuzo byacu kubakiriya kuruta igishushanyo mbonera rusange cyatoranijwe.
Kurangiza nta mwanzuro
Noneho, ibi bidusiga he ifu ya metallurgie ibice? Nibikoresho bikomeye mubikoresho byo gukora ibikoresho, ariko ntabwo ari rusange. Kuri twe, gukorera ku masangano yo gutara no gutunganya neza, byerekana inzira ibangikanye twubaha kandi akenshi dukorana. Umusaruro mwiza wumushinga ubaho mugihe guhitamo hagati ya PM na casting bifatwa nkicyemezo gikomeye cya tekiniki nubukungu, ntabwo ari umwanzuro wambere ushingiye ku cyerekezo.
Biza kumubaza ibibazo byukuri imbere: Nibihe byukuri biranga-ubuziranenge? Nibihe byukuri byumwaka, harimo nubuzima? Ni ikihe giciro rusange cyo gutunga, atari igiciro gusa? Hanyuma, ufite isoko utanga imbaraga nintege nke zisi zombi, kandi ntabogamye kuri umwe gusa kuko aribyo bakora byose?
Nicyo cyerekezo twubatsemo imyaka irenga 30. Byaba ari ugutanga ishoramari rinini, rivanze cyane gushora pompe cyangwa gutunganya ibikoresho byinshi byacumuye kugeza kurangije indorerwamo, ihame ni rimwe: guhuza ukuri kwakozwe nigihe kizaza mubice. Ibindi byose ni urusaku gusa.
