Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'gutondeka neza,' bahita batekereza ibice bitagira inenge, inshusho-neti biva muburyo. Nibyiza byo kwamamaza, ariko ukuri kumaduka ni imishyikirano ihoraho hagati yimyitwarire yibintu, geometrie, nigiciro. Ijambo ubwaryo rihuza uburyo butandukanye, kandi umutego uhuriweho ninganda urimo kubifata nkibisimburana. Nabonye imishinga isenyuka kuko umuntu yerekanye rusange 'precision casting' atumva niba koko akeneye ubudahemuka bwa gushora imari kuri turbine cyangwa niba byakozwe neza Igikonoshwa Ishobora gukemura amazu ya pompe igoye mugice gito cyo kuyobora nigiciro. Ibisobanuro ntabwo biri mwizina gusa; biri mubikorwa byo kugenzura kuri buri ntambwe, kuva muburyo bwa mbere bwibishashara kugeza kuvura ubushyuhe bwa nyuma.
Igabana ry'ibanze: Ishoramari na Shell Mold
Reka tumenye neza. Mubunararibonye bwanjye, guhitamo hagati yibi byombi nicyambere cyambere munzira. Gutera ishoramari, yatakaye-ibishashara, ni ukujya kubintu bikabije kandi birangiye. Tekereza ibice byo mu kirere bifite imiyoboro ikonjesha imbere bidashoboka gukora imashini. Ariko dore ifatika ifatika: buri gishashara kiratangwa. Kubice bito byibice binini, igiciro cyonyine cyonyine kirashobora kubuzwa. Ndibuka prototype ikora kumubiri wa marine aho umukiriya yatunguwe no gukoresha ibishashara. Tugomba kubanyura mu mibare - byumvikane gusa kubijwi byateganijwe.
Ku rundi ruhande, Igikonoshwa ikoresha ishusho ikoreshwa, mubisanzwe ibyuma. Ibisobanuro biri munsi yishoramari, ariko kubikorwa byinshi byinganda, birarenze bihagije. Inyungu nyayo ni igipimo. Urashobora kubyara amajana menshi kumunsi iyo igishushanyo kimaze gushyirwa ku isahani. Nakoranye n'amaduka nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) kuriyi mishinga. Hamwe nimyaka 30 bamaze mu gukina no gutunganya, bamenye ubuhanga bwo gusunika ibishishwa byihanganira ibishishwa, akenshi bagera kuri net-shusho kubice nka hydraulic manifolds, bigahita bijya kumurongo wa CNC kugirango birangire bore. Uku kwishyira hamwe nibyo gukora itandukaniro.
Guhitamo ibikoresho biragora cyane icyemezo. Gutera ishoramari ikemura ibyo bintu byoroshye bya superalloys-bishingiye kuri nikel, bishingiye kuri cobalt-byiza kuko igikonoshwa ceramic gishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo kwisuka kandi ifumbire ntizinjizamo umucanga. Kubice byo gutunganya ibiryo bidafite ingese, Igikonoshwa hamwe n'umusenyi usize irangi birashobora kuba bisukuye neza. Ibi nabyize kunanirwa: twigeze kugerageza gutera 17-4 PH igice kitagira umwanda dukoresheje igiceri cyateguwe neza nicyuma cya karubone. Kwinjira byari bibi kubwamazi, kandi twarangije kwibeshya. Byabaye ngombwa ko uhindura ishoramari kuriyi mavuta kugirango ubone neza.
Ibya Sekibi mubisobanuro birambuye
Aha niho 'precision' yinjizwa mubyukuri, kera mbere yuko ibyuma bisukwa. Bitangirana nicyitegererezo. Kubushoramari, ibipimo byo gutera ibishashara - ubushyuhe, igitutu, igihe cyizunguruka - byerekana iherezo ryanyuma. Ikimenyetso gito cyo kurohama ku gishashara gihinduka ikibazo kinini cyurukuta rwicyuma. Tumara iminsi twujuje ibishashara bishya, dupima ingingo za mbere hamwe na CMM, ntabwo ari kaliperi gusa.
Kubishushanyo mbonera, ni igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nigikorwa cyo kubaka igikonoshwa. Igishushanyo gifite umushinga udahagije gishobora kurekurwa mugikonoshwa, ariko kirashwanyaguza umusenyi, kiganisha ku buso bukabije. Umubare wibikoresho byo gutwika hamwe na stucco byerekana igicucu cyimbaraga nimbaraga. Biroroshye cyane, kandi ushobora guhura nikibazo (gutsindwa nabi, guteza akaga); umubyimba mwinshi, kandi utakaza permeability, biganisha ku nenge ya gaze. Nubuhanga bwubuhanga - abakoresha inararibonye bazi igikonoshwa cyiteguye kumajwi ikora iyo ikozwe.
Porogaramu yo kwigana ni imana ubungubu, ariko ntabwo ari imvugo. Turayikoresha muguhishurira ahantu hashyushye no kugabanuka, ariko uracyakeneye kwemeza hamwe nibigeragezo nyabyo. Ndibuka kwigana kuzuza amazu ya aluminiyumu igoye. Porogaramu yavuze ko ari nziza. Abakinnyi ba mbere bakinnye bafunze imbeho. Ikibazo? Igereranya ryakoresheje indangagaciro nziza, ariko icyiciro cyacu cyihariye cya aliyumu cyari gifite magnesium yo hejuru gato, cyahinduye ubwiza. Twahinduye ubushyuhe bwo gusuka kuri 15 ° C dushingiye kumurongo wa fondasiyo, kandi byagenze neza. Isomo: software iramenyesha, ariko uburambe bwabantu murwego rwimikorere yikigo runaka gikosora.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari rusange muri rusange
Kugaragaza ibyuma bidafite ingese ntacyo bivuze. Turimo tuvuga 304 kubirwanya ruswa muri rusange, cyangwa 316 kubidukikije bya chloride? Cyangwa ni 17-4 PH kugirango imvura igwe? Buriwese yitwara nabi mugihe cyo gukomera. Nickel ishingiye ku mavuta, nka Inconel 718, ni inyamaswa yonyine. Bakunda gutandukana kandi bisaba kugenzurwa cyane igipimo cyo gukonjesha nyuma yo gutorwa. Iduka risanzwe rivuga ko batera superalloys ntirishobora kuba rifite itanura ryagenzuwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe-bwo gutanga igice hamwe nibikoresho bikenewe.
Aha niho ubushobozi bwumufatanyabikorwa bwuzuye burakomeye. Isosiyete nka QSY, urutonde idasanzwe nka cobalt na nikel ishingiye muri repertoire zabo, ntabwo ari ugushonga gusa. Bavuga kugenzura hejuru yubushyuhe bwose. Nasuye ibikoresho bitera ibice byiza bya Inconel, gusa nabisatuye mugihe cyo kuvura igisubizo kuko igipimo cyo kuzamuka cyarihuse cyane. Ubusugire bwigice cyuzuye nibyiza gusa nkintambwe yanyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe.
Kubyuma byuma na karubone, impungenge zihindura imiterere ya grafite nibirimo pearlite. Imyitozo yo gukingira ibyuma, cyangwa aluminium yica ibyuma, nibisobanuro byiminota bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumashini n'imbaraga zanyuma. Ntushobora kugura ibyuma gusa no kubisuka; chimie icungwa neza murwego. Uru ni uruhande rudashimishije, rwuzuye rwuzuye rutigera rukora ako gatabo.
Kwishyira hamwe hamwe na CNC Imashini: Ihuza ridashidikanywaho
Bake cyane mubyukuri ni 'net-shusho' kubintu byose. Habaho hafi ya datum isura, bore ikomeye, cyangwa icyambu gifatanye gikeneye gutunganywa. Imikoranire hagati yimishinga nububiko bwimashini nibyingenzi. Niba inzira yo gukina idakozwe hifashishijwe imashini, urema inzozi mbi.
Ikibazo kinini ni aho datum ihagaze hamwe nububiko buhagije bwo gutunganya. Uruganda rwiza ruzatanga 'cast-on' intego ya datum cyangwa padi. Ikintu gikomeye, nkibikorwa byahujwe, bizagira abategura porogaramu za CNC bagisha inama mugihe cyo gushushanya. Bazemeza ko amarembo hamwe nimpanuka bitabangamira guhuza urusyo. Nabonye gukina neza rwose byahinduwe ubusa kuko ubuso bwonyine bwo gufatana niho hantu hashobora kubaho impanuka nini, ntahantu hasukuye vise.
Byongeye kandi, imihangayiko isigaye iterwa na casting irashobora guteza akaga mugihe cyo gutunganya. Igice kirashobora kwihanganira gukata kwambere, hanyuma kurigita cyane kumurongo wa kabiri nkuko imihangayiko yimbere igabanuka. Utanga isoko ihuriweho ikora casting na Imashini ya CNC munsi y'inzu imwe, nkuko icyitegererezo cya QSY kibigaragaza, irashobora kuyobora ibi. Barashobora gukora anneal-anneal hagati yo gutambuka no kurangiza, ikintu kitoroshye kandi cyubukungu niba ibice bigomba kugenda kubandi bacuruzi.
Kunanirwa ni abarimu beza
Ntabwo wiga neza neza inkuru zitsinzi. Wigira kumasaho. Nkiri muto, twakoraga ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa byakomeje kwerekana ububobere muri hub. Ubuso bwiza, ariko kwipimisha ultrasonic byarabananiye. Twagaya ibyuma, itanura, gutesha agaciro. Nyuma yibyumweru, umusaza-igihe yabonye ko bidahuye neza na ceramic core printer mu giterane cyibishashara. Byateraga impinduka zoroshye kugaragara muri corps mugihe cyo kubaka shell, bigatera kubuza gutembera kwicyuma biganisha kuri microshrinkage. Gukosora byari 0.5mm yongeye gushushanya geometrike yanditse. Kwihanganirana gutondekanya kuva mu gishashara kugera mu cyerekezo kugeza ku cyuma ntibibabarira.
Ubundi buryo bwa kera bwo kunanirwa muri gushora imari ni 'veining' - imirongo myiza kumurongo wa casting. Biterwa no guturika kumashanyarazi ya ceramic shell. Inkomoko nugukora igikonoshwa. Twagerageje. Byatumye imitsi iba mibi kuko igikonjo kinini gitera guhangayika cyane. Igisubizo mubyukuri kwari uguhindura ibishishwa kugirango hongerwe igishishwa cyumuriro wumuriro no kugenzura ibizunguruka bya autoclave. Rimwe na rimwe, gukosora ibintu ni byo bikwiye.
Inararibonye zerekana imiterere yumwuga. Iyo nsuzumye igice gishya gishushanya nonaha, ijisho ryanjye rihita rijya kurukuta rwurukuta, ibishobora gushyuha, hamwe nibishoboka byo gushyigikirwa. Ninda yumutima yubatswe kumakosa yashize. Nibyo 'precision' udashobora gukuramo mubitabo; ni byegeranijwe, rimwe na rimwe birababaza, uburyo bwo kumenya ijisho rimenyerewe.
Kureba imbere: Aho Precision nyayo igana
Ejo hazaza ntabwo ari ukwihanganirana gukomeye - ahubwo ni ibyahanuwe na siyanse y'ibintu. Turimo kubona byinshi bikenewe kubikorwa bya digitifike yintoki. Buri cyiciro cyibishishwa, ubushyuhe bwose bwa alloy, buri gusuka ibipimo byinjiye kandi bifitanye isano nibisubizo bya nyuma bya NDT. Aya makuru ni zahabu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Gukora Hybrid nabyo biri murwego rwo hejuru. Gukoresha inyongeramusaruro (icapiro rya 3D) kugirango ukore ibishushanyo mbonera bya ceramic cyangwa cores yo gushora imari bituma geometrike idashoboka hamwe nibikoresho gakondo. Ibi bihindura umurongo hagati yo gukina no gucapa. Ikibazo kizagera ku busugire bwa metallurgjiya no kurangiza hejuru nkibisanzwe byasutswe, ariko ubushobozi bwibice bimwe, ultra-complexe biratangaje.
Kurangiza, uburyo bwo gutora neza komeza ubuhanga bwibanze bwo gukora sibyo kuko birabagirana, ariko kuberako bihindagurika cyane kandi bikoresha amafaranga menshi. Ubuhanga nyabwo buri muburyo bwo kumenya inzira ikoreshwa, uburyo bwo kuyiyobora binyuze mubihindagurika byayo, nuburyo bwo kubihuza ntakabuza nibikorwa bya kabiri. Nubukorikori nkubumenyi, nibyiza gusigara kubantu bamaranye imyaka bumva amajwi yikibumbano kandi biga ibishushanyo biri muri dross. Kubireba byimbitse mubushobozi bwihariye kuva mubishushanyo kugeza igice cyarangiye, portfolio kumurambe umaze igihe kinini nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. Irashobora gutanga igitekerezo gifatika cyukuntu aya mahame akoreshwa mubikoresho kuva kumyuma kugeza kuri nikel.
