Iyo wunvise 'uruganda rukora imashini za CNC', ishusho ya mbere akenshi ni igorofa ryiza rifite imirongo yimashini zirabagirana, ahari igice cyiza cya demo munsi yikirahure. Iyo ni verisiyo y'agatabo. Ukuri, igice cyingenzi mugihe ushakisha, ni messier. Byerekeranye nibibaho mugihe icyiciro cyibintu gifite itandukaniro rito, cyangwa mugihe igishushanyo gisa neza neza kuri ecran ariko kigatera inzozi mbi zo kuganira. Ni itandukaniro riri hagati yububiko idakurikiza gahunda gusa nimwe yunva physics yo guca ibyuma. Imyambarire myinshi isaba neza, ariko ubushobozi nyabwo burashyingurwa muburyo bakora bitateganijwe, 'hafi nibyiza bihagije,' hamwe nuruvange rurwanya.
Urufatiro Ntabwo ari Imashini gusa
Umuntu uwo ari we wese arashobora kugura urusyo rutanu. Urufatiro nyarwo rwabishoboye uruganda rukora imashini za CNC ni Inzira. Ndatekereza ahantu nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Urareba amateka yabo yimyaka 30 utangirira muri casting-shell mold, ishoramari-kandi bihindura byose. Umukanishi ukomoka mumashanyarazi ntabona gusa fagitire yicyuma. Basobanukiwe muburyo bw'imiterere y'ibinyampeke, imihangayiko isigaye iterwa no guterwa, nuburyo ibikoresho bishobora kwitwara mugihe igikoresho cya mbere kibikubise. Urwo ni impande zidasanzwe. Urubuga rwabo, tsingtaocnc.com, rugaragaza ubuhanga bwabo muri cobalt na nikel alloys, ikubwira ko badatinya ibintu bikomeye. Gukorana nibyo ntabwo ari ugukoresha igipimo cyo kugaburira buhoro; ni filozofiya itandukanye rwose no kwambara ibikoresho no gucunga ubushyuhe.
Iyi background ikora ubufatanye busanzwe. Ntabwo barimo gutunganya igice gusa; akenshi barangiza igice bataye ubwabo. Ibyo bivanaho umukino wambere wo gushinja hagati yimishinga nububiko bwimashini mugihe igice kitagaragara. Byari amakosa yo gukina cyangwa ikosa ryo gutunganya? Iyo ari munsi yinzu, ikibazo gikemuka gusa. Nabonye imishinga yananiwe kuko itsinda ryimashini ryabonye casting hamwe nubushake bwihishe cyangwa gukomera bidahuye. Amaduka nka QSY agenzura ibyiciro byambere arashobora gukora imashini kugirango ayishyure, cyangwa byiza kurushaho, ikayirinda kubaho mbere.
Biganisha ku bundi buryo butandukanye. Ntabwo ari geometrike gusa kuri micron. Byerekeranye nibisobanuro mubunyangamugayo bwibikoresho. Kurugero, gutunganya igice cyurukuta ruto ku gice cyo gushora imari idafite isuku bisaba kumenya neza uko impungenge zafunzwe mugihe cyo gukonja. Amaduka adafite ubwo bushishozi bwubushakashatsi arashobora kuyifata cyane kandi bigatera kugoreka, kugera ku ntera nziza ku gice cyangiritse. Ubumenyi buhurijwe hamwe butuma batera imbere kandi bakurikirana byubahiriza amateka y igice.
Aho Precision ibona ukuri (kandi bihenze)
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeye iduka ryibibanza bitandukanya nyabyo nabiyitirira. Ni ubugenzuzi bwingingo ya mbere. Nibyiza gutunganya neza CNC umufatanyabikorwa ntagenzura gusa ibipimo wabahaye. Bagomba kuba bashaka ibintu utatekereje kwerekana. Ubuso burangiza guhuza muri bore, ubukana bwa radiyo y'imbere, kuba hari na burr ntoya mu muyoboro utoroshye kugera. Ndibuka akazi kumashanyarazi menshi aho ibipimo byose byanyuze, ariko burr, hafi ya burr hafi yicyambu cyambukiranya imipaka byateje akaga gakomeye kotswa igitutu. Igishushanyo ntabwo cyahamagaye icyuho cyihariye. Amaduka yo murwego rwohejuru afata atabishaka kandi akayatandukanya nkigice cyibikorwa byabo bisanzwe.
Igiciro cyibisobanuro ntabwo ari umurongo. Gufata ± 0.05mm nibisanzwe. Gufata ± 0.01mm birashobora gukuba inshuro eshatu igihe cyo gukora kandi bigasaba kurwanya ikirere. Icyangombwa ni itumanaho rinyangamugayo. Isosiyete yabigize umwuga izahita yerekana ibyo kwihanganira byimazeyo kandi ibaze Ibi nibyingenzi mumikorere? Akenshi, ni igenamiterere rya CAD. Ndashima iyo iduka risubije inyuma gutya - byerekana ko batekereza kubyara no kugukiza amafaranga, ntabwo bavuze buhumyi. Nabonye portfolio ya QSY, kandi ubunini bwinteko zabo ziteranijwe hamwe nimashini zerekana ko bamenyereye ibyo biganiro, cyane cyane nibikoresho bidasanzwe aho buri munota wo gutunganya ugura amafaranga menshi.
Ingamba zo gukoresha nubundi gutandukanya guceceka. Kubwinshi Imashini ya CNC y'ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ibivanze, ukoresheje urusyo rumwe rwanyuma kuva utangiye kugeza urangiye bishobora gukora akazi, ariko birambara, kandi bigenda neza. Uburyo bwiza nuburyo bwateguwe bwo gukoresha ibikoresho - bigoye hamwe, kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza ikindi, kurangiza nigikoresho gishya, cyeguriwe. Nibyinshi gushiraho, kubarura ibikoresho byinshi, ariko byemeza ko passes zanyuma zakozwe nigikoresho gityaye, giteganijwe. Urashobora kenshi kumenya ibyo iduka ryiyemeje ubaza ibijyanye no gucunga ibikoresho no guhindura gahunda. Nibintu birambiranye, ariko niho guhuzagurika bibaho.
Ikiganiro Cyibikoresho Abantu benshi Basimbuka
Umuntu wese yibanze ku gutunganya ibyuma cyangwa aluminiyumu. Ikizamini nyacyo kiri muburyo budasanzwe. Iyo isosiyete nka QSY itondekanya cobalt na nikel ishingiye ku mavuta nk'impuguke, icyo ni ikimenyetso. Ibi ntabwo ari ibikoresho wiga kumurimo. Gukora Inconel cyangwa Stellite nuburere bwubugome mukwihangana no kugenzura ubushyuhe. Bakora-mukanya ako kanya niba urakaye cyane, uhindura igikoresho cyawe cyo gukata mubintu bishyushya-bishyushya byangiza igice cya metallurgical.
Inzira hano ntabwo ari bike kubijyanye no gukuraho ibintu bikaze nibindi bijyanye no kugenzurwa, kubarwa. Coolant ntabwo ari ugusiga amavuta gusa; ni iyo kwimura ubushyuhe. Ukeneye umuvuduko mwinshi, watanzwe neza kuruhande. Kandi ibikoresho bya geometrie nibintu byose - rake nziza, impuzu zihariye. Amaduka afite uburambe muribi azaba afite isomero ryibipimo byagaragaye bubatse, akenshi binyuze mubigeragezo bihenze no kwibeshya. Ntibazagusubiramo gusa igipimo cyimashini kumasaha; bazagira gahunda isobanutse yo gukoresha ibikoresho, nigiciro kinini cyumushoferi kuriyi mirimo.
Ubu buhanga ntibubaho mu cyuho. Akenshi biva mubikorwa byihariye, bisaba inganda - ikirere, peteroli na gaze, ubuvuzi. Porotokole hamwe nibyangombwa bisabwa muriyi mirenge bihatira disipuline noneho igirira akamaro imirimo yabo yose. Niba bashobora gukurikirana icyiciro cya nikel ivanze kuva muruganda kugeza igice cyarangiye kubikoresho byo hasi, gutunganya umubiri wibyuma bitagira umuyonga biba nkibisanzwe. Igipimo cyo hejuru gihinduka ishingiro.
Iyo Digital ihuye numubiri - CAM & Setup Inzitizi
Icyitegererezo cya CAD kiratunganye. Kwigana kwa CAM kwerekana nta kugongana. Noneho wikoreza igice cya mbere cyimigabane. Ngiyo icyuho nta software ishobora gukuraho byuzuye. Umukanishi w'inararibonye cyangwa porogaramu azana ibitekerezo bitandukanya umwanya wo kubara ibikoresho, kunyeganyeza akazi, no kwimura chip. Nabonye porogaramu yigana neza yananiwe kuko ntamuntu wabaze igihe kirekire, imirongo ikomye ku byuma bidafite ingese yazengurutsa nyir'ibikoresho hanyuma asenya kurangiza.
Gushiraho niho iminsi yingengabihe yatakaye cyangwa yatsinze. Umuhanga uruganda rukora imashini za CNC Ishora muburyo bwa modular, bushobora guhindurwa-nkibuye ryimva ryubatswe kuri sisitemu ya pallet cyangwa urwasaya rworoshye rwakorewe mu rugo kumuryango runaka. Intego ni ukugabanya igice cyubusa cyigice, kugitsindagira kuburyo bushoboka bwose kugirango ugabanye kunyeganyega. Kubintu bigoye, ibice byinshi, ibi birashobora gusobanura gushushanya ibice byemerera igice kuzunguruka no kongera gufatanwa hamwe nibisubirwamo neza. Gusura tsingtaocnc.com, urashobora guhitamo ubwo bushobozi uhereye kumateraniro yibice byinshi berekana; ibyo bice ntibyabonye inzira hamwe na vises yoroshye.
Aha kandi niho itumanaho numukiriya ari ngombwa. Rimwe na rimwe, igishushanyo gito cyahinduwe - kongeramo igikoresho gito cyo gutabarwa, cyangwa kugena radiyo yo mu mfuruka - birashobora guhindura igice kiva mu ndoto mbi, 5-gushiraho inzozi mbi mu kazi ka 2-kazi. Ubufatanye bwiza bubaho mugihe umufatanyabikorwa wo kuzana azanwa mugihe cyo gukora ibyiciro (DFM). Nikimenyetso cyo gukura mugihe isosiyete itanga isesengura rya DFM, ntabwo ari amagambo gusa.
Umugongo udasanzwe: Metrology & Mindset
Hanyuma, ubusobanuro nibyiza gusa nkubushobozi bwawe bwo kubipima. Icyumba cyuzuye CNC ntacyo bivuze niba CMM yawe itajyanye n'igihe cyangwa itsinda ryanyu ryiza ridahawe imbaraga. Ubusobanuro nyabwo busaba gushora imari muri metero ni gahunda yubunini bwuzuye kuruta kwihanganira. Kandi ntabwo ari imashini gusa; bijyanye na gahunda ya kalibrasi, ibidukikije bigenzurwa, hamwe nubuhanga bwumugenzuzi. Gupima ubuso bugoye cyangwa umwanya wukuri wa bores nyinshi nubuhanga ubwabwo.
Ariko ibirenze ibikoresho, nibitekerezo. Numuco aho umukanishi azahagarika kwiruka niba bumvise impinduka mumajwi yaciwe, nubwo ibice bipima neza. Nubushake bwo gusiba $ 500 igice cyumuti kuko igikoresho cyaciwe hagati yacyo kandi kurangiza bishobora guhungabana. Icyo ni icyemezo gikomeye cyamafaranga, ariko gisobanura ubunyangamugayo. Ntushobora kubeshya. Yubatswe mumyaka mirongo, nkamateka yimyaka 30 QSY yerekanwe, birashoboka binyuze mumasomo menshi yize.
Iyo rero usuzuma a uruganda rukora imashini za CNC, reba kera urutonde rwimashini. Baza amakosa yabo akomeye nicyo bize. Baza uburyo bakoresha ibikoresho batigeze bakorana mbere. Baza kubona igice cyatsinzwe na raporo yazananye nayo. Ibisubizo byabo, hamwe nibisobanuro biri muri byo, bizakubwira byinshi kubyukuri byukuri kuruta agatabo keza cyane. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza ntabwo ari umucuruzi gusa; niyagurwa ryitsinda ryawe ryubwubatsi, utekereza intambwe nyinshi imbere yikishobora kugenda nabi mbere yuko spindle itangira.
