Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'gutunganya neza', bahita batekereza kwihanganira gukomeye, wenda ± 0.001 cyangwa munsi yayo, kandi birabagirana, bitagira inenge. Iyo ni verisiyo y'agatabo. Ikigaragara, gusya buri munsi, ni uko gukubita iyo mibare ari kimwe cya kabiri cyintambara - igice cyoroshye, mvugishije ukuri. Ikibazo nyacyo ni ugukora igice kidapima neza kuri CMM gusa ahubwo kigakora neza munsi yumutwaro, mubushyuhe, cyangwa nyuma yikizamini igihumbi. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi cyane aho injeniyeri yerekanye kwihanganira gukomera kurenza ibikenewe, gutwara igiciro hejuru 300% kubwinyungu zifatika gusa. Ntabwo bijyanye gusa nubushobozi bwimashini; ni ukumva icyo igice gikeneye gukora. Aho niho imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo yo gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye, uhereye kumyuma yoroshye kugeza nijoro ya cobalt ishingiye kuri alloys, itanga umusaruro. Utangiye gutsimbataza ibyiyumvo kubyo icyuma gishaka gukora, aho gishobora gutemba, cyangwa uburyo urukuta ruto rushobora kuganira nubwo inzira igikoresho cyawe yaba itunganye.
Urufatiro: Itangirana na Casting
Ntushobora gukora imashini neza muri casting mbi. Nibwo bwambere kandi busanzwe. Nagize abakiriya batwoherereza icapiro ryibintu bigoye, bisaba micron-urwego rwukuri kuri buri kintu, ariko casting mbisi batanga zuzuyemo ibibanza bikomeye, kugabanuka kwinshi, cyangwa uburebure bwurukuta rudahuye. Nintambara yo gutsindwa kuva mbere. Uburyo bwacu kuri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ihuriweho kuko tugenzura impera yimbere. Hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 muri casting no gutunganya, tubona inzira zose. Kurugero, iyo tubikora Igikonoshwa cyangwa gushora imari murugo, dusanzwe duteganya ibikoresho byo gutunganya. Turashobora kongeramo akantu kiyongereyeho ahantu h'ingenzi, ntabwo ari ugusukura gusa, ariko kugirango tumenye ko hari ibikoresho bikomeye, bahuje ibitsina kugirango uruganda rwanyuma rwishire. Byumvikane byoroshye, ariko uku guhuza birinda 90% byumutwe wumutwe nyuma.
Fata umubiri wa valve kumurenge wa peteroli na gaze, bikozwe muri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel. Iyi mvange irakomeye kubikoresho. Niba as-cast ifite ubuso burimo umucanga cyangwa umufuka wa gaze neza aho ukeneye isura nziza ya kashe, urimo gusiba igice gihenze cyane. Mugucunga urunigi rwose kuva hasi gushika kuri Imashini ya CNC Hagati, turashobora guhuza uburyo bwo gukina - nko guhindura ubushyuhe bwisuka cyangwa igipfundikizo - kugirango tubyare igihangano kitari hafi gusa, ariko cyubatswe muburyo bwo gutunganya. Ntabwo ari amarozi; ni uburambe bubabaza gusa bwahinduwe muburyo busanzwe. Wiga imiterere ikunda kugoreka no kuyishyura mubyiciro byashushanyije, kera mbere yuko chip ya mbere icibwa.
Hariho itandukaniro rigaragara mu iduka. Gukina biva mubikorwa wunvise no kugenzura bifite imiterere iteganijwe kuri mashini. Uzi hafi uko bizitwara ku mbaraga zifata, aho imihangayiko isigaye ishobora kuba yihishe. Gutera hanze buri gihe ni amayobera kugeza utangiye gukata. Tugomba gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zo gushora imari mu rukuta ruto kugira ngo twirinde kugoreka, rimwe na rimwe dukoresha ibishishwa bito-byuzuza mu gihe cyo gutunganya. Ibi ntabwo aribisubizo byibitabo; nubwoko bwamayeri umenya nyuma yo gukuraho ibice bike hanyuma ugahekenya numuyobozi ushinzwe umusaruro.
Ibikoresho ni Boss
Vugana numukanishi wese ufite umunyu, bazakubwira: ibikoresho bitegeka byose. Porogaramu, guhitamo ibikoresho, umuvuduko no kugaburira, ndetse na stratégie ya coolant - byose biva mubyo uca. Dukoresha gamut kuva icyuma Kuri ibyuma no mubintu bidasanzwe bya cobalt na nikel. Buri muryango witwara nkinyamaswa zitandukanye.
Imashini zicyuma zangiza neza; icamo ibice byiza, bigufi. 316, kurundi ruhande, irashaka gukora-gukomera no gushiramo inshinge niba witonda cyane. Ariko superalloys? Iyo ni shampiyona itandukanye. Ntabwo bigoye gusa; bagumana imbaraga zabo mubushyuhe bwinshi, bivuze ko barwanya igikoresho cyo gutema inzira zose. Ubushyuhe ntibujya muri chip; ijya mubikoresho, biganisha ku kwihuta no gutsindwa. Kera kare, twatwitse mumahirwe make mumashanyarazi ya karbide tugerageza gukora imashini ya Monel dukoresheje ibipimo byakoraga ibyuma. Ijwi ryaribeshye-hejuru cyane aho kuba hum. Kunanirwa byari muri gahunda; twabifashe nkikindi cyuma gikomeye. Noneho, tuzi ko bisaba ibikoresho kabuhariwe, bikarishye, bisize-imyironge, umuvuduko wo kugabanya umuvuduko, umuvuduko ukabije wogukoresha werekeza kuruhande, kandi gushiraho cyane. Ibiganiro byose bizahita byica igikoresho.
Ubu bumenyi bwibintu buramenyesha neza inzira yacu kuri QSY. Kubwumushinga urimo ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa cobalt alloy turbine kashe, ntabwo twavuze gusa imashini. Twatangiranye ninama yibikoresho. Ni ikihe cyiciro cyihariye? Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe nkabakinnyi bakomeye? Haba hari ibibazo bizwi bijyanye nimvura ya karbide kumupaka wingano? Uru rwego rurambuye rugena niba akazi kunguka cyangwa kurota. Turashobora no gukoresha agace gato ko kugerageza kubanza guhamagarira ibipimo mbere yo gukora kuri casting nyirizina. Biratinda imbere, ariko birinda imyanda iteye ubwoba, idashobora kugarurwa nyuma.
Ibishushanyo by'imashini itunganye
Hariho umugani ukwirakwira ko kugura ibishya-bishya, miliyoni-y'amadolari atanu-axis yo gutunganya imashini ikemura byose gutunganya neza ibibazo. Nigikoresho cyiza, ariko nigikoresho gusa. Nabonye amaduka afite imashini zishaje, zitinda zitanga ibintu byinshi bihamye, byujuje ubuziranenge kuruta iduka kuruhande hamwe nibikoresho byose bigezweho. Kubera iki? Kuberako itsinda ryumva imashini zabo. Bazi ko Z-axis kuri mashini 3 ifite akantu gato ko gukura k'ubushyuhe nyuma yamasaha abiri yo gukora, bityo bakayishyura. Bamenye ubuhanga bwo gukora kubice byabo.
Ibisobanuro nyabyo biva muri sisitemu, ntabwo ari spindle gusa. Ni muri kalibrasi ya probe, isuku yicyuma gifata ibikoresho, ituze ryumusingi, hamwe no kugenzura ibidukikije mumaduka. Ubushyuhe bwa dogere 10 Fahrenheit hejuru ya shift birashobora guta ibipimo igice kinini. Twize ibi inzira igoye yo gutunganya moteri nini ya mazutu. Ibipimo byafashwe mugitondo gikonje byararengaga, ariko igenzura rimwe mugihe cya nyuma ya saa sita ubushyuhe ntirwagaragaye. Igice ubwacyo cyagutse. Tugomba gushyira mubikorwa agace kagenzurwa nikirere kandi tukareka ibice bigahinduka ubushyuhe busanzwe mbere yo gusohoka bwa nyuma.
Byongeye kandi, automatike itangiza impinduka zayo. Ibikoresho bya robo yipakurura ibice bishobora gutangiza 0.0002 idahuye niba idahuje neza. Gukurikirana neza ni intambara idahwema kurwanya miliyoni ntoya ihinduka. Imashini nimwe murimwe gusa. Ku kigo cyacu, tumara umwanya munini kuri metero no kugenzura ibikorwa nkuko tubikora mugukata nyabyo. Nibidasobanutse, inyuma-yimirimo ikora ituma kwihanganira ibintu bishoboka.
Iyo Ibyiza bihagije biratunganye
Ibi birashobora kumvikana, ariko urwego rwo hejuru rwa gutunganya neza ubuhanga ni ukumenya igihe cyo kudakurikirana neza. Guhuma buhumyi kuri buri ngingo ya cumi ku icapiro birashobora guta igihe n'amafaranga. Igipimo gikora - nk'ahantu h'umwobo uzamuka uzakoresha isabune na bolt - ntibigomba gufatwa kugeza ku icumi (.0001). Kubifata kugeza kubihumbi bibiri (.002) akenshi birarenze bihagije kandi birashobora kugerwaho mumurongo umwe aho kuba bitatu.
Agaciro nyako dutanga nkumufatanyabikorwa, ushobora kubona mumateka yumushinga kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ni muri ubu bwoko bwagaciro injeniyeri. Umukiriya yaje iwacu afite igice cyumurage - hydraulic manifold - yahoraga ikozwe muburyo bwo kwihanganira bidasanzwe kuri buri buso. Byari bihenze kandi bifite umwanya muremure wo kuyobora. Twabajije imikorere yacyo. Byagaragaye ko ari diametero eshatu gusa kandi kuringaniza isura byari ingenzi cyane mubusugire bwumuvuduko. Twasabye koroshya kwihanganira ibintu bidasanzwe byo hanze nibikorwa bya bolt. Umukiriya yashidikanyaga ariko yemeye gukora igeragezwa. Igice cyakoze kimwe mugupima, ariko igiciro cyaragabanutseho 40% kandi igihe cyo gukora cyaciwemo kabiri. Ntabwo twabikoze nabi; twabigize ubwenge.
Ibi bisaba icyizere no kuganira byimbitse naba injeniyeri b'abakiriya. Nibijyanye no guhindura intumbero yo gukora icapiro kugirango ikemure ikibazo. Rimwe na rimwe, igisubizo nyacyo ni igisubizo cyoroshye kidasora imipaka yikoranabuhanga. Nijyanye no gushyira imbaraga aho ari ngombwa.
Ibintu byabantu muburyo bwa Digital
Nubwo CAD / CAM yose, automatisation, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakozwe, ijisho ryumukanishi kabuhariwe hamwe nubushishozi ntibisimburwa. Mugaragaza irashobora kwerekana inzira yuburyo bwiza, ariko ntishobora kumva ihinduka ryijwi mugihe igikoresho gitangiye gucogora cyangwa mugihe chip idahunze neza. Ntishobora kubona ibara rito kuri chip yerekana ko ubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi mugukata.
Ndibuka akazi ko gutunganya ibintu bigoye biva mubyuma. Porogaramu yagenzuwe, ibikoresho byari bishya, ariko ku gice cya mbere, kurangiza hejuru yubuso byari biteye ubwoba - byuzuye ibimenyetso byo kuganira. Porogaramu ya CAM yari yarabyaye intambwe imwe, ariko impinduka zo gusezerana muri iyo kontour zateraga kunyeganyega. Porogaramu, ikiganza gishaje, ntabwo yahinduye gusa umuvuduko no kugaburira. Yarebye igice, yerekana ishusho yo gutema, hanyuma ahindura intoki inzira yigikoresho kugirango ahindure intambwe hanyuma atangire guhuzagurika gato muri zone iteye ikibazo. Ntabwo cyari igisubizo cyibitabo; cyari igisubizo cyubukorikori. Porogaramu yonyine ntishobora gusuzuma ibyo; byafashe umuntu wunvise physics yo gukata na geometrie yigice.
Uyu niwo muco tugerageza kubungabunga. Imashini na software nibikoresho byongerera ubushobozi, ariko ntibisimbuza urubanza. Igenzura ryanyuma buri gihe ni umuntu ufite micrometero, igeragezwa ryo kurangiza hejuru, hamwe nuburambe bwimyaka uzi uko igice cyiza gisa kandi cyumva. Ibyo byitondewe, byunvikana kubitekerezo biracyari QC igenzura cyane cyane kubiterane bigoye aho bikwiye kandi bikumva bifite akamaro nkimibare. Nuruvange rwikoranabuhanga hamwe nubukorikori bumaze igihe busobanura ukuri gutunganya neza, guhindura ibishishwa bibisi mubice byizewe, bikora.
