Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'imashini zitunganya', bashushanya umurongo usukuye, wikora ucuramye. Ukuri kumaduka akenshi usanga ari grittier, imishyikirano ihoraho hagati yigihe cyiza cyiza na fiziki yinangiye yicyuma. Igitekerezo gikomeye kitari cyo nukureba izo mashini nkibice byitaruye. Mubyukuri, imikorere yabo iterwa rwose nuburyo bwo hejuru - kubona casting nabi, ndetse n urusyo rwiza 5-axis rukora ibisigazwa bihenze. Aha niho imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ikora imirimo, nkibyo twakoze muri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ihindura muburyo usobanura kandi ukayobora ibyawe imashini zitunganya.
Imashini-Imashini Yashizweho: Aho Ibibazo Bavutse cyangwa Byakemutse
Amaboko kuva gukina kugeza kumashini nigihe gikomeye. Ntushobora kuvuga imikorere ya CNC utabanje kuvuga kubusa. Hamwe na shell mold hamwe nishoramari, akenshi dukorana hafi-net-shusho yibice, nibyiza kubitsa ibikoresho. Ariko 'hafi-net' ni urutonde. Itandukaniro rya kimwe cya kabiri cya milimetero mubugari bwurukuta rushobora kwemerwa gukina, ariko bivuze ko gahunda ya mbere ya gahunda ya CNC - ireba cyangwa irambiranye - ntabwo igabanya umwuka isegonda imwe hanyuma ugafata ikindi kiremereye, kidateganijwe ukurikira. Iki kiganiro cyangiza ubuso hamwe nibikoresho. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe nicyiciro cyamazu ya pompe.
Guhitamo amavuta ategeka ibintu byose bikurikira. Dukoresha ibintu byinshi bidafite ingese na nikel bishingiye ku mavuta yo kwangirika no kurwanya ubushyuhe. Nibyiza muri serivisi, inzozi mbi kumashini. Bakora-ako kanya. Niba ari ibyawe imashini zitunganya ibuze ubukana na torque kugirango igumane igipimo cyibiryo bihoraho, urimo urasa hejuru gusa, uhindura inzira ikurikira mubikoresho-byica. Twagereranije kumashini zifite agasanduku-nyubako yubatswe kugirango igabanuke cyane muri ibi bikoresho, tuva kure yubuyobozi bwumurongo kuri iyo mirimo yihariye. Ntabwo ari amahitamo agezweho, ariko arakora.
Noneho hariho imihangayiko isigaye. Gukina gukonjesha bikonje. Yicaye, rimwe na rimwe ibyumweru, imbere. Niba uyiziritse kuri pallet ikora hanyuma ugakuramo uruhande rumwe, urekura iyo mihangayiko. Igice kigenda. Ahari microne nkeya gusa, ariko kubwintebe ya valve cyangwa ibintu byinshi, ni ukwanga. Ubu twubaka muburyo bwo kugabanya ibibazo - ubushyuhe cyangwa vibrasiya - kubintu bikomeye mbere yuko bakora ku buriri bwa CNC. Yongera igihe, ariko ikiza icyiciro cyose kugirango ikorwe kugeza murwego rutunganye, rutari rwo.
Imashini ya CNC: Ntabwo ari Kode gusa
Igice cyacu cyo gutunganya CNC niho imashini zitunganya zibona umwanya wazo. Ariko ubuhanga nyabwo ntabwo ari ugutegura inzira gusa. Ni mubikorwa byo gukoreramo ibice. Guhagarika impimbano birateganijwe; bigoye guterana hamwe na datum itaringaniye ntabwo. Gushushanya ibice byerekana 'as-cast' muburyo bugabanya kugoreka mugihe cyo gufunga nubuhanzi bwabirabura. Dufite ibikoresho bisa nkibidasanzwe, hamwe nu rwasaya rworoshye rworoshye ruhuza imiterere ya casting mbere yo gukanda. Nuburyo bwonyine bwo kwemeza isura yambere yatunganijwe mubyukuri ni datum yizewe kuri ops zose zikurikira.
Ingamba zo gukoresha ibikoresho nayandi mafranga. Gukoresha ibintu bitashyizwe muri Inconel nuburyo bwihuse bwo gutwika amafaranga. Dukorana cyane nabatanga ibikoresho kugirango dutezimbere geometrike hamwe na coatings - rimwe na rimwe byinjiza gato bihenze hamwe na chipbreaker geometrie yihariye imara inshuro eshatu murwego rwihariye. Ubushobozi bwimashini burakingurwa nigikoresho. Ndibuka nsunika gushya kwihuta kwihuta kurugero rwarwo, gusa kugirango umushinga unanirwe kuko ntitwashoboye kubona igikoresho gishobora gutwara umutwaro wumuriro kuri uwo muvuduko muri cobalt. Imashini yari ishoboye, ariko tekinoroji yo gushyigikira ntabwo yari ihari.
Coolant ntabwo ikonje gusa. Kugirango habeho gutembera mu cyuma cyoroshye, dukeneye umuvuduko ukabije unyuze muri spindle coolant kugirango uturike. Kubitagira umwanda, dukeneye amavuta ashingiye kumavuta yo gusiga kugirango twirinde inkombe. Gukoresha amazi atari yo arashobora kugaragara neza kugirango ahindurwe, hanyuma atere casade yibikoresho byananiranye. Dufite sisitemu eshatu zitandukanye. Numutwe wa logistique, ariko ntabwo biganirwaho kubwo guhuzagurika.
Ibikoresho byihariye: Ibya Sekibi murambuye
Ibyuma bikozwe birababarira, kugeza igihe atari. Imashini yicyuma imeze neza, grafite ikora nk'amavuta. Ariko kumashanyarazi akomeye cyane (nko kubice bya hydraulic), imiterere ya grafitike ya nodular irakomeye. Ukeneye ibikoresho bikarishye, byiza cyane. Niba ari ibyawe imashini zitunganya spindle ntabwo iringaniye kuri RPMs yo hejuru, uzabona ihindagurika rihuza riganisha ku kwambara ibikoresho bidashyitse no kurangiza nabi kubigomba kuba byoroshye gukora.
Ibyuma bidafite ingese, cyane cyane amanota-akomera amanota rimwe na rimwe tubona ibintu byihariye, ni inyamaswa itandukanye. Buri kintu cyose cyingenzi: umuvuduko, kugaburira, ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata, inzira y'ibikoresho. Urusyo ruzamuka hamwe nurusyo rusanzwe rushobora kuba itandukaniro hagati yindorerwamo irangije nubuso bwacitse. Turabika impapuro zirambuye kuri buri kivunge - ibi ntabwo biva mubitabo, byubatswe kuva imyaka yamenetse nibikoresho byatsinzwe. Nibyangombwa byimbere byimbere.
Amavuta adasanzwe, nka Hastelloy cyangwa Stellite, bisaba hafi selile yabugenewe. Birababaje kandi birakomeye kuburyo byanduza sisitemu ikonje hamwe nibikoresho bisanzwe. Duteganya iyi mirimo mubice, gusenya burundu no gusukura imashini nyuma. Igiciro cyatetse muri cote. Kugerageza guhendwa hano ubivanze na gahunda y'ibice bya aluminiyumu bizanduza byose.
Kwishyira hamwe hamwe nukuri kwisi
Kugura ikigo gishya cyo gutunganya miriyoni nyinshi z'amadorari wumva ari igisubizo cyibibazo byose. Ni gake cyane. Icyuho gikunze guhinduka. Noneho urashobora gusya igice mugice kimwe mumasaha atatu aho kuba atanu hejuru yimashini ebyiri. Birakomeye. Ariko ubu sitasiyo yo gusukura no gusukura irarenze kuko utanga ibice byarangiye vuba. Cyangwa CMM ntishobora kugendana nigenzura ryinjira. Imashini zitunganya bigomba kurebwa nkigice cya sisitemu. Ibyo twungutse cyane muri rusange byinjira rimwe na rimwe byaturutse ku kongeramo igice cyoroshye cya robotic washer cyangwa gushora muburyo bwihuse bwo kugereranya, ntabwo biva kuri VMC nshya.
Ubundi icyuho cyihishe: gahunda no gushiraho. Kubijyanye nubunini buke, kuvanga cyane akazi nkuko dukunze kubikora kuri QSY, imashini irashobora kumanuka kugirango ishyireho igihe cyose ikora. Twashora imari cyane muri porogaramu yo kuri interineti no kwigana, no muri sisitemu ya modular. Intego ni ukugirango gahunda itaha yakazi igaragare hamwe nibikoresho bikoreshwa mugihe iyubu ikora. Nintambara ihoraho yo kurwanya igihe. Imashini ya spindle uptime niyo metero yonyine yishura fagitire.
Kubungabunga ntabwo ari ikiguzi; nibisabwa. Imashini ifite imipira yambarwa yumupira cyangwa inzira yuzuye chip ntizigera ihanganira kwihanganira, nubwo uyikoresha yaba mwiza. Dukora kubungabunga ibidukikije kuri gahunda ihamye, ishingiye kumasaha. Amavuta, akayunguruzo, uburyo bwohanagura - birarambiranye, umurimo udahuje igitsina. Ariko kubireka bikanyerera nuburyo ubona 0.01mm yo kwihanganira drift ikuraho igice cyose cyishoramari ryakozwe neza na tekinoroji ya turbine. Twize iryo somo rimwe, birababaje.
Kureba Inyuma, Kujya Imbere
Nyuma yimyaka mirongo itatu muri uno mukino, kuva kumisarani yintoki kugeza kumasosiyete aheruka gukora-akora ibintu byinshi, ukuri kwibanze kugumaho: imashini ninziza gusa nkigikorwa cyo kuyigaburira hamwe nabantu bumva imiterere yacyo. Porogaramu nziza ya G-code ntacyo imaze niba casting ifite cavite ihishe igabanuka igikoresho gikubita muburyo butunguranye. Iterambere ryambere-ryatunganijwe ntirishobora kwishyura indinganizo ihindagurika munsi yumutwaro.
Ubwihindurize ku kigo cyacu, ushobora gukurikirana ukoresheje ibikoresho biri hasi yacu tsingtaocnc.com, yerekana iyi myigire. Ntabwo twaguze imashini zihuta gusa; twubatse sisitemu ihuriweho. Igikorwa cyo gukina kimenyesha gutunganya imashini. Ingorabahizi zo gutunganya zigaruka mugushushanya gukurikira. Ni umuzingo.
Iyo rero ntekereje imashini zitunganya ubungubu, simbona ibyuma na code gusa. Ndabona guhangayikishwa nubusa, gushushanya ibicuruzwa byashushanyije, raporo yibitekerezo bya coolant, hamwe na logi yo kubungabunga. Imashini niyo yibandwaho, ariko umurimo nyawo-ubuhanga nyabwo-ubera mubidukikije. Nibyo bihindura icyuma mubice byizewe. Ikintu cyose kiri munsi nukwimura ibikoresho gusa.
