Iyo wunvise 'gushora imari gushora imari,' ibitekerezo byinshi bisimbukira kuri 'ibice bigoye' cyangwa 'inzira yatakaye.' Ibyo ntabwo ari bibi, ariko ni intangiriro ikunze kugaragara hejuru yukuri. Inkuru nyayo ntabwo ari ukugera kurukuta ruto cyangwa amakuru meza; ni ibijyanye n'imishyikirano idahwema kwifuza gushushanya, imyitwarire yibintu, hamwe nubukungu bushoboka. Impapuro nyinshi zisezeranya ukwezi, ariko iduka ryibintu byukuri ni uguhora uhinduranya ubunini bwikigero, ingamba zo gutambuka, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Ntabwo ari bike kubijyanye nubumaji nibindi bijyanye no kumvikana kugenzurwa.
Umukino wa Shell: Birenze Ibishushanyo
Igikonoshwa niho intambara ikunze gutsinda cyangwa gutsindwa. Ntabwo ari bibi gusa mubice; ni imiterere, ubushyuhe, na chimique. Turavuga kuri ceramic slurries na stucco, ariko satani ari mugihe cyumye nubushuhe bwibidukikije. Nabonye icyiciro cyubundi cyuzuye gushora imari cores kumibiri ya valve iracika kuko icyumba cyo kumisha ubushyuhe bwazamutseho 10% ijoro ryose. Igikonoshwa cyasaga neza, ariko imihangayiko yihishe yari ihari, itegereje kuvunika mugihe cya dewax. Nicyo kintu wiga wangiza amadorari magana make yibikoresho, ntabwo bivuye mubitabo.
Aha niho uburambe bwigihe kirekire bwibikorwa, nkimyaka 30-yongeyeho inyuma yikigo nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), igaragara. Ntabwo ari ukugira ibikoresho gusa; ni ukugira ubumenyi bwashinze imizi yukuntu imihindagurikire y’ikirere yaho, ndetse nigihembwe, bigira ingaruka kumyuka mibi no gukama kinetics. Ibyo bibandaho Igikonoshwa nkubushobozi bwibanze kuruhande gushora imari ivuga kubyunvikana ko disipuline yo kubumba ari ishingiro. Ntushobora gutandukanya byombi.
Kandi ibikoresho bifite akamaro kanini. Gusuka ibinyomoro bishingiye kuri cobalt mubikonoshwa byabugenewe bidafite umwanda ni uburyo bwo gukemura ibishishwa no kwanduza hejuru. Coefficient zo kwagura ubushyuhe zigomba guhuzwa. Kuvanga-nikel nyinshi cyane, dukunze kwimukira mu ikoti ryihariye rya zirconi rishingiye ku maso kugira ngo twirinde ubwo butaka buteye ubwoba bwa orange. Nibisobanuro birambuye, ariko nibisobanuro byerekana niba gutera turbine ikoresheje NDT cyangwa igacibwa.
Icyitonderwa ni inzira, ntabwo ari amasezerano
'High precision' ni ikibanza cyo kugurisha ahantu hose. Ukuri nukuri, muri gushora imari ni ibisubizo byerekana impinduka zagenzuwe. Bitangirana nigishashara. Niba inshinge zipfa zidatunganye, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwibishashara hamwe nigitutu ntabwo byahamagawe, urimo kwigana iryo kosa geometrike ukoresheje intambwe zose zikurikira. Ndibuka umushinga wibikoresho byo kubaga aho twirukanye kwihanganira ± 0.1mm kuri bore ikomeye. Uwiteka gushora imari inzira yakozwe, ariko ibishashara, byatanzwe nundi muntu, byari bifite umushinga muto, udahuye. Twamaranye ibyumweru kumashini ikosora mbere yuko dusubira muri re-injeniyeri igikoresho. Igikorwa cyo gukina cyongerera gusa ibyo utanze.
Iyi niyo mpamvu kwishyira hamwe kwa Imashini ya CNC ni bidashobora kuganirwaho kubwukuri. Gukina biguha 95% ngaho, akenshi hamwe nibisobanuro bidasanzwe. Ariko iyo 5% yanyuma - isura ya datum igaragara, insanganyamatsiko, isura ya kashe - isaba gukora. Amaduka atanga byombi munsi yinzu, nka QSY, ntabwo yongeyeho serivisi gusa; barimo kugenzura urunigi rwose. Umukanishi asobanukiwe nabakinnyi bashobora kugabanuka hamwe ningingo zishobora kugoreka, kandi arashobora gutangiza gahunda ya CNC kugirango isukure aho guca buhumyi. Igabanya guhuza ikuzimu kandi, cyane cyane, irinda umukino wamakosa hagati yishami rya casting na mashini mugihe igice kitagaragara.
Ibikorwa bya nyuma ya casting niho kwihanganira ibitekerezo byinshi bihura nukuri. Kuvura ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya ibibazo birashobora kugabanya igice. Ese inzira yawe irabazwa ibyo? Urabihuza mugihe cyo kuvura? Cyangwa urateganya ibikorwa bizakurikiraho? Ibi ntabwo ari ibibazo byamasomo. Kububiko bwa pompe twakoze muri duplex idafite umwanda, twagombaga gukora igikoresho cyihariye kugirango gikemuke kugirango tugumane flange. Bitabaye ibyo, gutunganya ibyakurikiyeho ntibyashobokaga utabuze uburebure bwurukuta.
Ikigereranyo cya Alloy: Gutoranya Intambara Nziza
Guhitamo ibikoresho akenshi biterwa no gukoresha-kurangiza-kwangirika, ubushyuhe, kwambara. Ariko ukurikije casting, buri muryango wa alloy umuryango urwana ukundi. Shira icyuma na karubone ibyuma birababarira; bagaburira neza, bafite kugabanuka guteganijwe. Inzitizi hamwe nazo ni ukwirinda kwishyira hamwe no kubona amajwi mu bice byimbitse.
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda, cyane cyane amanota ya austenitis nka 316, ninyamaswa zitandukanye. Bafite urwego rurerure rwo gukonjesha, rukaba ari rwiza mu kugaburira ariko bikunda kugabanuka-mikorobe (porosity) no gutanyagura bishyushye niba amarembo no kuzamuka bidakozwe neza. Ntushobora gupima gusa ibyuma bya karubone kubitagira umwanda kandi utegereje gutsinda. Uburyo bwo gushimangira buratandukanye.
Noneho winjiye mubice byihariye bidasanzwe-bishingiye kuri nikel kandi cobalt. Hano, igiciro cyibikoresho ni kinini kuburyo buri gice cyakuweho kibabaza. Bakunze gutabwa munsi yumuyaga cyangwa ikirere kigenzurwa kugirango birinde okiside yibintu bikora nka aluminium na titanium. Amazi ashobora kuba mabi, bityo ibice bigomba kuba binini. Ingingo zabo zo gushonga zisaba sisitemu zikomeye. Gukorana nibi bikoresho ni bike kubyerekeye umusaruro mwinshi kandi byinshi bijyanye no gukora neza, akenshi rimwe-rimwe, uburyo bwo gutunganya. Niho disipuline yimikorere yishura inyungu zayo nyinshi. Isosiyete yavuze ubushobozi hamwe naya mavuta, nkuko bigaragara kuri portfolio ya QSY kuri domaine yabo tsingtaocnc.com, ni ikimenyetso cyibikorwa byabo bikomeye, ntabwo ari urutonde rwibikoresho bakozeho.
Iyo Ibintu Bitagenda nabi: Gutekereza neza
Isesengura ryananiwe nigice cyigisha cyane akazi. Igice gisohoka gifite ubusembwa bwo hejuru, akavuyo kagabanutse, cyangwa igikoma. Igisubizo cyihuse ni uguhindura ubushyuhe busuka cyangwa igikonoshwa mbere. Rimwe na rimwe ibyo birakora. Akenshi, ni umutuku.
Ndibuka urukurikirane rwa casting ya marine ikwiye guhora yerekanaga imbeho ikonje kumurongo muto. Twiyongereye gusuka temp, ifasha muburyo buto ariko twongera ingano ingano kandi imiterere mibi ya mashini. Ikibazo nyacyo cyakomotse kuri sisitemu yo kwinjira. Icyuma cyagendaga kure kandi kigatakaza ubushyuhe bwinshi mbere yo kuzuza flange yanyuma. Twongeye gushushanya abiruka kugirango batange ibyuma bishyushye bitaziguye muri ako gace, twongeramo akantu gato, kandi ikibazo cyarashize tutabangamiye metallurgie. Isomo: igisubizo mubisanzwe kiri muri geometrie yinzira yicyuma cyamazi, ntabwo aribintu gusa.
Ubundi buryo bwa kera ni ugusuzuma nabi porosity. Nibyuka bya gaz biva mubishishwa bitose cyangwa umwuka wafashwe? Cyangwa ni ukugabanya ububobere bwo kugaburira bidahagije? Imyuka ya gaze ikunda kuba izengurutse kandi irabagirana imbere. Kugabanuka ni dendritic kandi idasanzwe. Imwe isaba igikoni cyiza cyo guteka cyangwa kugenzura dewaxing; ikindi gisaba impanuka nini cyangwa gukonja. Kubona iki kibi bivuze ko ukemura ikibazo kitabaho amezi.
Ukuri Kwuzuye: Kuva CAD kugeza Crate
Uyu munsi, cyane gushora imari ntabwo ari ubukorikori bwihariye. Numuyoboro wa digitale-ku-mubiri. Itangirana na DFM (Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora) ibitekerezo kuri moderi ya 3D. Turashobora kuyitegura? Turashobora kugaburira? Ni he dushyira amarembo n'umuyaga? Iki gikorwa cyo gufatanya imbere-kurangiza akazi kuzigama ikiguzi kinini.
Igishushanyo ubwacyo kiragenda gikoreshwa cyane 3D icapishijwe muri resin cyangwa ibishashara nkibikoresho bya prototypes cyangwa amajwi make. Ibi birengagiza ibikoresho gakondo, ariko bitangiza ibibazo byayo hamwe nibisigazwa byo gutwikwa hamwe no guturika. Nigikoresho cyiza, ariko nubundi buryo buhinduka kubuhanga, ntabwo isasu rya feza.
Hanyuma, byose bisubira inyuma kugirango bigenzurwe. Igenzura rya CMM, gupima radiografiya, gupima igitutu. Igice cyabakinnyi kigomba kwemezwa kubigamije gukora. Aya makuru afunze-yemerera nibyo gushinga uruganda kudakora ibice gusa, ahubwo gukora ibice byizewe. Nibi bigenzura-iherezo-bigenzura-uhereye kumahitamo avanze na Igikonoshwa Binyuze gushora imari na nyuma yo gukina Imashini ya CNC—Ibyo bisobanura gutanga isoko. Ihindura igishushanyo mubice bikora, byizewe bicaye mu gisanduku, biteguye guterana kwanyuma. Ngiyo iherezo ridashimishije, rifatika ryibi byose.
