Iyo uvuze indangagaciro, abantu bose basimbukira kuri disiki, uruti, rukora. Uwiteka impeta? Akenshi nibitekerezo, igice cyibicuruzwa. Iri ni ikosa rya mbere. Mumyaka mirongo itatu namaze hafi ya casting hamwe nibikoresho byabigenewe, nabonye kunanirwa kwa valve gusubira inyuma kuntebe kuruta ikindi gice kimwe. Nibisobanuro bifunga amasezerano, mubisanzwe. Umubiri wuzuye wa valve ntacyo umaze niba intebe idashobora gufata igitutu cyangwa kwihanganira itangazamakuru. Imyumvire itari yo nuko ari impeta y'icyuma ukanda. Ntabwo aribyo. Nibintu bisobanutse neza imikorere yayo ishingiye kubintu bifatika, kwihanganira imashini, hamwe nuburinganire bwubushakashatsi.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari urupapuro rwihariye
Urabona igishushanyo guhamagarira ibyuma 316 bidafite ingese impeta. Biroroshye, sibyo? Ntabwo aribyo. Ari kumurongo wamazi usanzwe cyangwa kuri serivise isharira hamwe na H2S? Urufatiro rwibanze rushobora kuba rumwe, ariko uburyo bwo gutsindwa ntibuzaba. Ibi twabyize kare. Icyiciro cy'intebe y'uruganda rukora imiti, rwakozwe mu bubiko busanzwe bwa 316, rwatangiye kwerekana micro-crack nyuma y'amezi atandatu. Ikirangantego cyujujwe mu buryo bwa tekiniki, ariko ukuri kwa chloride iterwa no guhangayika kwangirika ntikwari ku icapiro. Umukiriya yibwiraga ko 316 yabitwikiriye. Noneho, turacukumbura cyane. Niba ari serivisi zikomeye, turasunika kugirango turebe hafi ya chimie yashonze ndetse tunasaba igitekerezo cya duplex cyangwa ibinyomoro bishingiye kuri nikel nka Inconel 625 kumpeta yintebe, cyane cyane iyo ihujwe na disiki ikomeye. Ntabwo ari ukuzamuka; ni impeta irokoka icyiciro cya mbere cyumuriro na ijana.
Aha niho igihe kirekire cyo gushinga no gukora imashini bitanga umusaruro. Kuri QSY, hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 muburyo bwa shell no gushora imari, twasutse kandi dukora hafi ya byose. Shira intebe zicyuma kumarembo ahendutse, CF8M kumurimo rusange wubumara, hanyuma umwihariko: Cobalt ishingiye kuri Stellite 6 irengerwa kumasoko yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, cyangwa impeta zikomeye za Hastelloy C-276 kuri acide mbi cyane. Guhitamo ibikoresho kumpeta yintebe bitegeka ibintu byose kumanuka - uburyo bwo gutoranya (shell shell for complex and volume, ishoramari rya superalloys na shusho zigoye), ingamba zo gutunganya, hamwe nibipimo byanyuma byo kugenzura.
Ndibuka umushinga wo gusubiramo uruganda. Basimbuzaga indangagaciro mubice bya coker. Intebe zisanzweho, zakozwe mu buryo busanzwe 410 zidafite ingese, zagiye zishira mu byumweru. Ikibazo nticyari ubushyuhe gusa; kwari uguhuza ubushyuhe no gukuramo ibice. Twasabye impeta y'intebe ifite ishingiro rya 304 ariko hamwe na karubide ya tungsten yatewe n'umuriro ku maso. Imashini yagombaga kuba itunganye-substrate yari ikeneye umwirondoro wubuso bwihariye kugirango igifuniko gikurikizwe, kandi gusya kwa nyuma nyuma yo gusya byagombaga kuba munsi ya micron kugirango bigumane kashe. Cyakoze, cyongerera igihe cyumurimo umwaka urenga. Isomo? Ibikoresho byo kwicara ntabwo byonyine; irashobora kuba sisitemu igizwe.
Gukora neza: Aho Theory ihura na Chuck
Dore igice kibabaje. Urashobora kugira ibinure byuzuye, ariko niba imashini yazimye, impeta yintebe irasakaye. Ubuso bwa kashe burangiye, uburinganire cyangwa ubwitonzi, impande zinyuma zo gukanda-iyi ntabwo ari imibare gusa ku gishushanyo. Barumva. Kuri CNC, urayitegura, ariko ugomba no kubimenya. Gukata impeta yoroheje, gummy Inconel intebe ni isi usibye gutunganya icyuma cyoroshye, gikomeye. Kwambara ibikoresho, umuvuduko ukonje, igipimo cyo kugaburira - byose birahinduka. Kuganira gato kuri pass ya nyuma kuri a impeta Ubuso bwa kashe burashobora gukora inzira yamenetse itagaragara kumaso ariko igaragara nkumunsi mugupimisha helium.
Turabikora byinshi mubigo byacu. URL https://www.tsingtaocnc.com ntabwo iganisha ku gatabo gusa; byerekana hasi aho ibyo bice bikozwe. Ku cyicaro cyumuvuduko mwinshi wintebe ya valve, turashobora kuyikoresha mumashanyarazi akomeye. Inzira itangira gukomera, hanyuma igabanye impagarara, hanyuma igice kirangiza, hanyuma kurangiza kurangiza gukata hamwe nigikoresho cya CBN kugirango ubone ubwo buso bwa Ra 0.8 μm. Kwihanganira kuri OD kugirango ubangikanye birashobora kuba + 0.000 / + 0.0005. Icyo ni kimwe cya kabiri. Uhumeka nabi, kandi ntibisanzwe. Kandi ntushobora kubipima rimwe gusa; urapima nyuma yo gukonja kugeza kuri 20 ° C, kuko ibyuma bikura.
Umutego rusange ni ugutekereza ko impeta yintebe ari igice cyoroshye cyahinduwe. Kubyicaro byumupira wumupira, cyane cyane mubishushanyo mbonera bya trunnion, geometrie iragoye - irashobora kugira umufuka wububiko, umwobo wa bolt, hamwe na kashe ya kashe. Porogaramu ya CNC igomba kubara ibikoresho byo gutandukana mumashoka atandukanye. Twigeze kugira icyiciro aho igikonjo cya kashe ya kabiri ya elastomeric yari microne nkeya nayo idakabije. Intebe zatsinze igenzura, ariko mugihe cyo guterana, O-impeta ntiyahagaritse bihagije. Igisubizo? Ikizamini cyo kunaniza umuvuduko muke. Byabaye ngombwa ko usiba ibice 200. Gukosora ntabwo byari uguhindura gahunda gusa; yarimo igenzura igikoresho tip radiyo itigeze ishaje, ihindura ubujyakuzimu bukomeye.
Gambit
Numwanya wukuri, kandi akenshi biva mumaboko yacu nkuwabikoze. Impeta yintebe ikozwe neza irashobora gusenywa mumasegonda abiri na feri iremereye. Uburyo bwa kera ni imashini ya hydraulic cyangwa inyundo na drift. Ingaruka? Gufata impeta muri bore, gukubita hejuru yicyicaro cyoroshye, cyangwa gukora micro-frake biturutse ku ngaruka. Ku mpeta ikwiye-impeta, duhora twerekana icyerekezo-cyerekezo cya chamfer hamwe nimbaraga nini yo gukanda. Rimwe na rimwe, tunatanga progaramu yo kwishyiriraho ibicuruzwa kugirango tugabanye umutwaro uringaniye.
Ndashigikiye kugabanuka-bikwiye aho bishoboka. Shyushya umubiri wa valve, fata icyumba-ubushyuhe bwicyicaro. Ariko ugomba kubara coefficient zitandukanye zo kwagura ubushyuhe neza. Gushyushya umubiri wa karubone kugeza kuri 250 ° C kugirango uhuze impeta yicyuma idafite icyuma ikora kuko ingese yaguka gake. Yijugunye, irakonja, kandi ubona imbaraga zihamye, zigumana cyane. Urufunguzo ni ukugenzura ubushyuhe kugirango udahindura ubushyuhe bwumubiri cyangwa ubukana bwintebe. Twatanze impapuro zo kwishyiriraho porogaramu zikomeye, zirambuye uburyo bwo gushyushya, ubushyuhe, nigipimo cyo gukonja. Birasa nkaho birenze impeta, ariko birinda guhamagarwa.
Kunanirwa cyane nabonye byatewe no gufata nabi. Nyuma yo gukanda impeta yintebe, ibishushanyo bimwe bisaba guhamagarira uduce duke (gufatira) hafi yumubiri wa valve kugirango uhindure ibyuma hejuru yimpeta hanyuma ufunge. Umutekinisiye wo mu murima yakoresheje pneumatic punch yari ikomeye cyane. Ihungabana ryashenye impeta yintebe kuva aho ifatiye. Umuyoboro wafashwe mugihe cya hydro, ariko igikomere cyakwirakwijwe mugikorwa cyikizunguruka hanyuma impeta yintebe igabanyamo kabiri nyuma y amezi atatu, bituma habaho kumeneka gukomeye. Intandaro? Uburyo bwo gufata ibyemezo ntabwo bwahujwe nuburinganire bwintebe yintebe. Noneho, kubikoresho byacitse, akenshi turasaba inama yo gushushanya intebe cyangwa gusudira intebe aho kuba kanda.
Ikiburanwa: Ikibazo Cyumuriro Wamashanyarazi
Inkuru nyayo yashimangiye ibitekerezo byanjye. Uruganda rushyuha rwategetse urutonde rwingenzi rwo kwigunga. Intebe zerekanwe nkuko Stellite 6 yarebaga. Utanga ibicuruzwa (ntabwo ari twe muri kiriya gihe) yahuye nabo mu gusudira inkoni ya Stellite ku mpeta ya karubone. Byumvikane neza. Ariko gahunda yo gusudira yashyizeho uturere twibasiwe nubushyuhe hamwe nibibazo byinshi bisigaye. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, guhangayika byagabanutse igice, ariko ntibyuzuye. Iyo intebe zimaze gushyirwaho hanyuma sisitemu ikajya kumurongo, umuvuduko ukabije wamagare yumuriro uva mubidukikije ukagera kuri 540 ° C watumye Stellite igaragara kumyanya mike isenyuka kandi igashishwa nkuruhu rwibitoki. Kumeneka kw'ibiza.
Post-mortem yerekanye substrate yo gutegura no gusudira. Igihe Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) yazanwaga kubasimbura, twafashe ubundi buryo. Ku mpeta yintebe, twakoresheje Stellite 6 ikomeye ikoresheje gushora imari kumpeta yose. Birahenze cyane? Yego. Ariko yakuyeho bimetal yimbere hamwe ningaruka zijyanye no gusiba. Imashini yatinze, ikoresheje ibikoresho byubutaka, ariko ibisubizo byari imiterere imwe. Iyo mibande iracyakora. Uburyo bwo gufata impeta yintebe hano ni uko inzira yo gukora - yaba igizwe hejuru ya bimetal, casting ikomeye, cyangwa ifu ya metallurgie - ni ingenzi nkurwego rwibikoresho ubwabyo. Ntushobora gutandukanya byombi.
Ubunararibonye bugaburira muburyo dukora ubu. Kunegura impeta Porogaramu, ntabwo tureba gusa ibintu bifatika; dusubiramo ibidukikije byose bya serivisi - ukwezi kwubushyuhe, guhungabana k'umuvuduko, ibitangazamakuru, ndetse n'umuvuduko wo gukora (slam-gufunga valve irakomeye ku ntebe kuruta iyifunga buhoro). Iyi mitekerereze yuzuye akenshi ituyobora gutanga igisubizo gikomeye kuva twatangira, nubwo bisaba gato imbere. Yubaka ubwizerwe.
Kurenga Icyuma: Kazoza Nibanze
Hano haribiganiro kubyerekeranye na polymers yateye imbere, ububumbyi, ndetse nububiko bwa 3D bwacapishijwe ibyuma byicara. Kuri niche zimwe, umuvuduko muke, porogaramu zibora, PEEK cyangwa intebe za PTFE zishimangiwe nibyiza. Ariko kubwinshi mubikorwa bya valve yinganda-peteroli na gaze, ingufu, imiti-impeta yintebe yicyuma ntaho ijya. Ubwihindurize buri mu magambo arambuye: kwihanganira cyane binyuze muri CNC nziza, kwipimisha kutangiza nka ultrasound yo mucyiciro kugirango hamenyekane inenge zifatika zirenze urugero, hamwe no kwambara neza nka firime ceramic ya PVD kugirango ugabanye guterana no kwambara.
Nyamara, ubwo buhanga bwose bushingiye ku shingiro. Isuku, yanditswe neza yubushyuhe bwo kuvura impeta yintebe yambaye ubusa. Imashini ya Calibrated, ikomeye. Laboratoire ya metero yumva gage R&R. Kandi icy'ingenzi, abantu hasi bazi ko inzira ya nyuma kuri iyo sura yo gufunga atari ikindi gikorwa gusa - nicyo gikora cyangwa kimena valve. Kuri QSY, ayo mateka yimyaka 30 ntabwo ari umubare gusa; ni inzego yibuka amasomo igihumbi yize hasi kumaduka, amasomo ashyirwa mubikorwa buri gihe akazi gashya ko kwicara.
Noneho, ubutaha urimo kureba igishushanyo cya valve cyangwa amagambo, ntukarambike hejuru yintebe yimpeta. Baza ibibazo. Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwa serivisi? Nigute ikorwa - guta, guhimbwa, gukorerwa mu kabari? Ni gute irimo gushyirwaho? Iyo mpeta ntoya itwara umutwaro wose wumuvuduko mugihe valve ifunze. Imikorere yacyo ni itandukaniro riri hagati yo gufunga bikomeye hamwe nibidukikije cyangwa guhagarika inzira. Ufate icyubahiro linchpin ikwiye. Shakisha ibikoresho nibikorwa neza, nibindi bisigaye bya valve byiyitaho ubwabyo.
