Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'ibyuma bitagira umuyonga byuzuye', bashushanya ikintu kitagira inenge, kirabagirana kiva muri ako gatabo. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Ikigaragara ni uko 'precision' hano ari ijambo rigereranijwe, imishyikirano ihoraho hagati yicyitegererezo cyiza cya CAD hamwe na fiziki yinangiye yicyuma gishongeshejwe. Ntabwo ari ukwihanganirana gusa; ni ibijyanye no kugoreka ibintu, guhanura kugabanuka kuri buri cyiciro cyihariye kitagira umwanda, no kumenya kurangiza kubishobora kugerwaho mubyukuri 'nkabaterankunga' nibikenewe nyuma yo gutunganywa. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi byerekana gushora imari kubigoye ariko hanyuma bigasaba kwihanganira ibice-byose kuri buri gice - ni inzira yizewe yo guhagarika ingengo yimari. Ubuhanzi nyabwo buri mukumenya icyo inzira ishobora kuguha muburyo busanzwe kandi aho ugomba gutabara rwose.
Intego yibikorwa: Byose bijyanye nigikonoshwa
Ibintu byose bihagaze kuri ceramic shell. Benshi mubashya gushakisha isoko batekereza ko icyuma ari inyenyeri, ariko igikonyo nicyiciro, umuyobozi, nuwashushanyaga imyambarire byose murimwe. Igikonoshwa gifite intege nke bisobanura kwiruka cyangwa fin; igikonoshwa kitaringaniye kiganisha ku bunini bwurukuta. Tumara iminsi, rimwe na rimwe ibyumweru, gusa muburyo bwo guhubuka no gutondeka. Kubisunika pompe ikomeye muri 316L, kurugero, turashobora gukoresha ikote ryibanze rya silika yahujwe kugirango irusheho kurangira neza, ariko duhindukire kuri zircon kugirango amakoti yimbere asubizwe inyuma. Naya mahitamo, akenshi atagaragara mugice cyanyuma, agena intsinzi cyangwa ikibuga cyuzuye ibisakuzo.
Kugenzura ubushyuhe mugihe cya dewaxing nundi mwicanyi ucecetse. Byihuta cyane, kandi igikonjo kivunika kuva ibishashara byagutse. Buhoro cyane, kandi usize ibisigara bihinduka karubone mugihe cyo gusuka. Ndibuka icyiciro cya marine kibereye aho twagize kalibrasi ntoya ya dogere-dogere selisiyusi 15 gusa hejuru ya spec. Igisubizo ntabwo cyatsinzwe ako kanya; ibishishwa byasaga neza. Ariko mugihe cyo gusuka, utwo dukoko duto duto twatumaga ibyuma byinjira, bigatera imbere imbere, bitemewe, bitagaragara kugeza igihe imashini ya mbere irangiye. Iri ryari isomo rihenze mukwizera, ariko kugenzura, buri kintu cyose.
Noneho hariho umunaniro. Ntabwo ari ugushonga ibishashara gusa. Nibijyanye no guhindura ibikoresho byose bisigara kumivu bishobora kwirukanwa, nta karubone isigaje kwanduza ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Ku manota ya duplex nka 2205, ibi birakomeye rwose kuko ibirimo karubone bigira ingaruka zokurwanya ruswa. Ntushobora kuyitwika gusa; ukurikiza uruziga rwuzuye. Aha niho imyaka mirongo yimyitozo, nkubwoko bwubatswe mukigo nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kora itandukaniro. Utezimbere ibyiyumvo. Intego zabo z'igihe kirekire Igikonoshwa na gushora imari yerekana ubumenyi bwimbitse, bukora kuri izi ntambwe zidashimishije ariko zingenzi.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari urupapuro rwihariye
Kugaragaza ibyuma bidafite ingese ni nko kuvuga ibinyabiziga-ntacyo bivuze nta bwoko. 304, 316, 17-4PH, 2205 - bose bitwara nabi muburyo bukomeye kandi bubumbabumbwa. 304 birasa kubabarira, ariko kugabanuka kwayo ni ngombwa. 17-4PH, urwego rukomera rwimvura, biratangaje kubwimbaraga-z-uburemere, ariko ni inzozi zo gutanyagura ubushyuhe niba sisitemu yawe yo kwinjirira no guhaguruka idakozwe kugirango ihuze uburyo bwo gukomera. Ntushobora gukoresha logique imwe yo kugaburira kuri buri kantu.
Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hamwe na prototype kumurongo wikirere. Icapiro ryahamagaye 17-4PH muburyo bwa H900. Twarayijugunye, tuyitunganya, tuyitunganya ubushyuhe. Yatsinze igenzura rinini ariko yananiwe kugenzura ultrasonic. Utuntu duto, amarira ashyushye imbere. Ikibazo? Ibyago byacu, byuzuye kuri 316, ntabwo byatanze icyerekezo gihagije kuri iyi mavuta. Tugomba gusubira inyuma, kwigana gukomera hamwe nibintu bifatika, hanyuma tukongera gushushanya imiterere yose. Yongeyeho ibyumweru bitatu kumushinga. Noneho, kubintu byose bishya bivanze, cyane cyane i idasanzwe nka nikel ishingiye kuri nikel, dushimangira gukora coupon ntoya mbere kugirango turebe uko igaburira kandi igabanuka mubidukikije byihariye.
Niyo mpamvu gufatanya na fondasiyo yumva neza metallurgie ntabwo biganirwaho. Ntabwo ari ugushonga no gusuka gusa; ni ukumenya ko kuri nikel nyinshi-nikel, ugomba kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka mumadirishya ya dogere 30 kugirango wirinde gutandukana, cyangwa ko kubisabwa bimwe, ushobora no gutanga igitekerezo gitandukanye, cyinshi gishobora gutangwa cyujuje ibisabwa mumikorere mukibazo gito. Amaduka afite imyaka 30 mumikino, nka QSY, azahura naba badayimoni yihariye kandi yubake ibisubizo mubikorwa byabo. Urashobora kubona incamake yibikoresho byabo kurubuga rwabo kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Aho Gutera birangirira no gukora imashini
Nibikorwa bikomeye, kandi niho imishinga myinshi isitara. Oya ibyuma bidafite ibyuma ni net-shusho kubice bikora. Hama hariho isura ya datum igomba gutunganywa, insinga zigomba gukoreshwa, cyangwa gufunga hejuru kugirango birangire. Icyangombwa ni amafaranga yimigabane. Shira ububiko bwinshi ahantu hose kugirango ugire umutekano, kandi urimo guta amafaranga kubicyuma kirenze no gutunganya. Shira bike cyane, kandi ushobora guhura nuruhu, ugaragaza ububobere bwo munsi yubutaka.
Icyifuzo nugufatanya nitsinda ryimashini kuva mugice cyo gushushanya. Buri gihe tugamije kumenya intera zikomeye hakiri kare - tuvuge, isura ya flange ihuza ikindi kintu cyangwa bore yo kwikorera. Uturere tubona amafaranga agenewe, adahwema kugenerwa, akenshi 0.5-1mm. Ubuso butari buke bushobora gusigara muri as-cast leta, iyo, niba igiceri cyawe ari cyiza, gishobora kuba isuku cyane kurangiza. Ubu buryo bukomatanyije nicyo gitandukanya ibice bitanga ibice bitanga ibisubizo. Biragaragara kuva QSY itanga hamwe Imashini ya CNC ko bakora kuri iri hame, bagenzura inzira kuva mububiko kugeza igice cyarangije gutunganywa, gikuraho urwego runini rwikosa ryitumanaho no kwerekana urutoki rwiza.
Ndibuka umushinga wumubiri wa valve aho igishushanyo mbonera cya casting cyari gifite ububiko bwa 3mm. Umukanishi yakoresheje 80% yigihe cye akuramo ibyuma ahantu hadakorwa. Mugushushanya gushushanya kugirango twongere ibikoresho gusa aho bikenewe mugutunganya datum na kashe zikomeye, twagabanije uburemere bwa casting muri 18% hanyuma tugabanya igihe cyo gukora mo kabiri. Kuzigama byari bitangaje. Isomo? Gutoranya neza nibijyanye no gukuramo ubwenge byubwenge hepfo nkuko bijyanye no kugenzurwa byongewe mumushinga.
Ukuri Kwihanganirana Kurangiza
Inganda zinganda nka ISO 8062 ziguha kwihanganira, ariko ziratangira ingingo, ntabwo ari garanti. Kwihanganira CT5 kurwego rwa 50mm ni mubyukuri ± 0.35mm. Ariko urashobora gufata ibyo murwego rwose, kuri buri kintu? Ntibishoboka. Ibiranga umurongo wo gutandukana bizagira byinshi bitandukanye. Inkuta ntoya ziragoye kugenzura kuruta izibyimbye. Urubanza nyarwo rwumwuga ni mukumenya kwihanganira ubucuruzi (geometrie rusange) nibyingenzi (bikwiye, imikorere). Uraganira kandi ukibanda kugenzura inzira zawe zikomeye.
Kurangiza isura ni akandi gace keze kubera kutumva neza. Birasanzwe gushora imari irashobora kugera kuri Ra ya 3.2 kugeza kuri 6.3 micrometero nk-cast. Nibyiza, ariko ntabwo bisizwe. Niba ukeneye Ra 0.8 kugirango ushireho ikimenyetso, uzakenera gutunganya cyangwa gusya. Igikorwa cyo gukina gishobora kukwegera, ariko ntigishobora gukora ibitangaza. Nagize abakiriya basaba indorerwamo irangiza neza. Ntabwo bikora muri ubwo buryo. Ugomba gusobanura ingano yubutaka bwa ceramic, intera iri hagati yikoti rya mbere ryoroshye nicyuma - ni imipaka igaragara.
Ibipimo byo kugenzura biboneka nabyo bikeneye gusobanuka. Ni ubuhe busembwa bworoshye bwemewe? Kwinjizamo gato kubice bidahangayikishijwe, bitari kwisiga birashobora kwemerwa rwose mubipimo bya ASTM, ariko umukiriya wakoresheje ibice byahimbwe cyangwa yabigenewe ashobora kubyanga. Gushiraho ibyo witeze imbere, hamwe nurugero rwumubiri niba bishoboka, ni ngombwa. Nibyiza kwerekana icyitegererezo hamwe nuburyo busanzwe bwubuso kuruta kugira impaka nyuma yibice 500 bikozwe.
Kunanirwa ni abarimu nyabo
Ntabwo wiga neza kubitondekanye neza; urabyiga uhereye kumabati. Twigeze kugira ikibazo cyagarutsweho na micro-porosity muri hub yumuziga muto wa turbine. Yatsinze X-ray ariko birananirana mugupima ibibazo. Twahinduye ibintu byose: gusuka temp, shell preheat, ibihimbano. Nta kintu na kimwe cyakoraga. Hanyuma, mukanya ko gucika intege, twarebye ibishashara ubwabyo. Irembo ryo gutera inshinge ryomekwa neza ahabigenewe ibibazo, bikora ahantu hashyushye. Mugihe twimuye gusa irembo hanyuma tukongeramo akonje gato mubibumbano aho hantu, twerekeje imbere gukomera hanyuma dukuraho ububobere. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari icyuma; yari geometrie yubushyuhe twashizeho.
Ikindi cyananiranye cyakera nukuvuga ko nyuma yo gutunganya byose bingana. Twohereje icyiciro cya 316 casting yo gutambuka kubacuruzi bashya. Bakoresheje kwiyuhagira aside nitricike, imyitozo isanzwe. Ariko ubwogero bwabo bwandujwe na chloride kumurimo wabanjirije. Igisubizo cyabaye igice cyibanze cyatsinzwe ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu kuburyo butangaje. Gukina byari byiza, ariko kugenzura amasoko yacu ntabwo byari. Noneho, twujuje ibisabwa abafatanyabikorwa bacu barangiza nkibikorwa byacu bwite. Uku kurangiza-kurangira kugenzura ni, uko mbona, ikiranga utanga ibintu bikuze. Nubwoko bwo kugenzura ibintu byose isosiyete yubaka imyaka irenga 30 mu bucuruzi, gucunga ibintu byose uhereye kuri icyuma kuri allotic alloys munsi yinzu.
Noneho, iyo urebye ibyuma bidafite ibyuma, ntubone geometrie yanyuma. Reba ikigega cya slurry, imbonerahamwe yubushyuhe, kwigana gukomera, kugabura imashini ya CNC, hamwe namasomo yatsindiye biturutse kumakosa yashize. Ibisobanuro biragerwaho, ntibitangwa, binyuze mu ntambwe igihumbi ntoya, igenzurwa no gusobanukirwa byimbitse aho ubushobozi bwibikorwa bigenda kandi aho bigomba guhatirwa kumurongo. Nibyo ugura rwose.
