Iyo abasore benshi batanga amasoko bumvise 'budasanzwe budasanzwe bushing', bahita basimbuka kumanota yibikoresho - Inconel 718, Stellite 6, Hastelloy C-276 - bakibwira ko akazi karangiye. Nibyo byambere, kandi bihenze cyane, kwibeshya. Amavuta ni intangiriro gusa; satani nyayo ari mubikorwa byo guhimba hamwe na serivise nyayo yibikorwa, ibyo gucapa akenshi bibeshya. Nabonye imishinga myinshi aho imashini nziza ya cobalt ishingiye kubihuru byananiranye mubyumweru kuko buriwese yibanze kuri 'idasanzwe' akibagirwa igice cya 'bushing' mumikorere yacyo.
Umwihariko muri Alloy Ntabwo ari Amasasu
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeranye na cobalt, nka Stellite. Nibyo, kwambara bidasanzwe no kurwanya ruswa, bikomeye kubushyuhe bwo hejuru nkubushyuhe bwa turbine cyangwa pompe zikomeye. Ariko kubisobanura nigice cyoroshye. Igikorwa cyo guta ibyo bikoresho ninyamaswa zitandukanye. Ntabwo bameze nko gusuka icyuma. Imyitwarire yo gushonga, igikonoshwa cyibisubizo, kugabanuka gukomeye - niba uruganda rwawe rudafite uburambe bwimbitse, uzabona gucamo mikoro, gushiramo, cyangwa gukomera bidahuye neza mumarembo. Irasa neza kugeza ijya munsi ya microscope cyangwa muri serivisi.
Ndibuka uruganda rukora valve rutanga icyiciro cya ibihuru bidasanzwe kumurongo wo gutunganya imiti yangirika. Ibikoresho bifatika byari byiza, byose kuri ASTM A494. Ariko mubikorwa, berekanye guhubuka imburagihe. Isesengura ryananiwe kwerekana ikwirakwizwa rya karbide. Gukina gukonjesha byihuse, bituma habaho urusobe ruciriritse, rutaringaniye rwa karbide kumupaka wingano. Icyerekezo cyujujwe, ariko metallurgie yari yibeshye kubisabwa. Gukosora ntabwo byari ibintu bishya; byari imyitozo ivuguruye hamwe no gukonjesha kugenzurwa. Aha niho umufatanyabikorwa akunda Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ihagaze neza. Hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugushira hamwe no gushora imari, birashoboka ko babonye kandi bagakemura iki kibazo cyikonje mumiryango itandukanye. Nibikorwa byubumenyi, ntabwo ari itanura gusa, bifite akamaro.
Ubundi ubugenzuzi busanzwe ni imashini. Amavuta ya Nickel azwiho gukomera kumurimo. Ushushanya kwihanganira kwihanganira bushing hamwe nibice bito. Niba gahunda ya CNC itunganijwe irahagaritswe - gushyiramo amanota nabi, kugaburira / kwihuta, gukoresha nabi gukonjesha - utera impagarara zisigaye cyangwa uruhu rukomeye. Igice cyatsinze igenzura rya nyuma ariko gihindura cyangwa kigacika munsi yumutwaro wambere. Igihuru nticyatsinzwe; inzira ya nyuma yo gukina yakoze.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora, ntabwo ari imikorere gusa
Ba injeniyeri bakunda gushushanya ibihuru byiza: imiyoboro isiga amavuta, ibice byo kugumana kashe, inkuta zoroheje zo kuzigama ibiro. Noneho bajugunya hejuru y'urukuta kugirango bakore. Hamwe n'amavuta adasanzwe, iyi ni resept y'ibiza n'ibiciro by'inyenyeri. Igishushanyo mbonera cyose kigwiza ingorane.
Kurugero, ibyo byuma byimbere byacukuwe. Mu gihuru cyicyuma, urabacukura nyuma yo guta. Hamwe na nikel nyinshi cyangwa cobalt ivanze, gucukura nyuma yo gukina biragoye. Akenshi nibyiza kubijugunya mugukoresha ceramic cores. Ariko ibyo bisaba igishushanyo mbonera cyinzobere kugirango hamenyekane ko intangiriro ishigikiwe neza kandi idahinduka mugihe cyo gusuka, kandi ko ibikoresho byibanze bishobora kuvanwaho burundu nyuma yo guterera udasize ibisigisigi. Ubuhanga bwa QSY muri Igikonoshwa na gushora imari ihinduka hano. Barashobora gutanga inama kuri geometrike ishoboka guhera. Umuyoboro ugomba kuba uzengurutse cyangwa ova? Inyandiko ntoya irashobora gutuma intandaro yo gukuraho 100% yizewe itagize ingaruka kumikorere. Iyi inyuma-ninyuma niyo itandukanya prototype ikora nibikorwa-biteguye.
Uburinganire bwurukuta nubundi bwicanyi bucece. Igihuru gishobora kuba gifite flange yijimye kandi yoroheje. Gukonjesha gutandukanye muburyo butera guhangayika. Mubintu bidasanzwe bivanze, ibi birashobora gutera amarira ashyushye - uduce duto duto dukomoka mugihe cyo gukomera. Ntushobora kubabona udafite irangi ryinjira. Isomo: rimwe na rimwe ugomba kongeramo ibikoresho bike mugice kimwe kugirango wemeze gukonja kimwe, hanyuma ubisubize inyuma. Birasa nkubusa, ariko bihendutse kurenza igipimo cya 30%.
Ikintu Wibagiwe: Ubuso bwo Guhuza
Dore isomo ryatsinze cyane: bushing ntabwo ikora wenyine. Imikorere yacyo ni umutungo wa sisitemu. Urashobora gushira icyogajuru cyiza cyane mumazu yoroheje yicyuma, kandi munsi yumutwaro, amazu yoroheje arahinduka, guhuza ibihuru no gutera imitwaro no gutsindwa byihuse. Guhuza ibikoresho ni byose.
Twari dufite ikibazo kuri pivot yimashini iremereye. Uwiteka bushing (cobalt-ishingiye) yasobanuwe kugirango irwanye abrasion. Ipine yari ikomeye. Uburyo bwo kunanirwa bwari kwambara cyane. Ikibazo? Itandukaniro ryo gukomera ryari rikabije. Ubuso bubiri micro-weld munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi wo guhura. Igisubizo kwari ukugabanya gato ubukana bwa bushing no kwemeza ubuso bwihariye kuri pin. Byari bihabanye - twatesheje agaciro ibintu bya bushing kugirango sisitemu ikore. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo guca imanza buturuka ku kubona ibice byananiranye mu murima, ntabwo biva ku rupapuro gusa.
Guhuza ruswa nubundi bucukuzi. Nikel alloy bushing irashobora kwangirika cyane ishobora gukora selile ya galvanic ifite ibyuma bidafite ingese ahantu huzuye amazi, kurya amazu. Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba kwerekana amaboko yo kwigunga cyangwa gutwikira atari kubihuru, ahubwo kugirango urinde umuturanyi wacyo. Sisitemu yo kureba ntabwo iganirwaho.
Iyo CNC Imashini ikora cyangwa ivunagura Bushing
Gukina biguha imiterere itoroshye, ariko yanyuma Imashini ya CNC asobanura imikorere. Ubworoherane ni umurongo umwe gusa ku gishushanyo. Kuri bushing, ubusugire bwubuso nibyingenzi. Igikorwa cyo gutunganya ntigomba gutesha agaciro ibintu byakozwe mugihe cyo guta no gutunganya ubushyuhe.
Fata nikel ikomye nikel ivanze nka Inconel 718.Bona imbaraga zayo muburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Imashini ikaze irashobora kubyara ubushyuhe buhagije kugirango burengeje imyaka ibikoresho muri iyo zone, bigakora ahantu horoheje. Igiti gishobora kuba gifite ibipimo byiza ariko bikananirana munsi yumutwaro kubera intege nke zaho. Umukanishi kabuhariwe, cyangwa iduka rifite casting hamwe nogukora nka QSY, azi gukoresha ibikoresho bityaye, kabuhariwe, gukonjesha umuvuduko ukabije, hamwe nu mucyo wo kurangiza kugirango ubungabunge substrate.
Noneho hariho kurangiza. Kurangiza indorerwamo ntabwo buri gihe ari byiza. Kubihuru bigamije kugumana amavuta, harakenewe uburyo bumwe bwambukiranya imipaka. Kuri imwe ikora yumye cyangwa ifite amavuta akomeye ya firime, impuzandengo itandukanye (Ra) nibyiza. Kumenyekanisha iki gikorwa gikenewe mumashini ikora ni ngombwa. Gushyira Ra 0.4 gusa ku gishushanyo birashobora kuba bibi.
Ikiguzi nubuzima bwose: Kubara kwukuri
Gusubira inyuma cyane ibihuru bidasanzwe buri gihe ni ikiguzi. Cobalt-alloy bushing imwe ishobora kugura 50x ibyuma byayo bingana. Gushushanya ibi nkigiciro cyigiciro nuburyo utakaza impaka. Kubara nigiciro cyuzuye cya nyirubwite: igiciro cyigice + imirimo yo kwishyiriraho + imashini yamashanyarazi yo gusimbuza + igihombo cyumusaruro mugihe cyo hasi.
Nakoze kumuzingo uhoraho wa caster mumashanyarazi. Ibihuru byumwimerere byamaze hafi ibyumweru 6 mubushuhe bwinshi, buringaniye. Igihe cyo kubasimbuza cyari amasaha 12, gitwara imibare itandatu mu musaruro wabuze. Twahinduye kuri centrifugally cast nikel-chromium-boron alloy bushing. Igiciro cyigice cyari gitangaje. Ariko bamara amezi arenga 18. ROI yabazwe mu byumweru, ntabwo imyaka. Urufunguzo rwerekanaga ubuzima, byasabye icyiciro gito cyindege no kugenzura neza. Ntamuntu ugura ibi kumasezerano y'agatabo.
Aha niho gufatanya nu ruganda rwahagaritswe gukora neza. Isosiyete ikora casting, gutunganya ubushyuhe, no gutunganya murugo, nkibikorwa byasobanuwe kuri Ikigo cya QSY, irashobora gutanga amakuru yizewe yimikorere nubuzima bwose kuko igenzura urunigi rwose ruhinduka. Babonye kandi uko bigenda iyo ibice byabo bisunitswe kumupaka mumurima, bikamenyesha kugenzura neza inzira mumaduka.
Kurangiza nta mwanzuro
Hano nta finale nini ihari. Kugaragaza no gukora ibicuruzwa byizewe bidasanzwe byitwa bushing ni imyitozo yo gucunga ibicuruzwa biva hanze nibihinduka byihishe. Nibijyanye no guhitamo umuryango ukwiye, hanyuma ugahuza uburyo bwo gutara no gutunganya ibintu byihariye bya aliyumu kubisabwa byihariye. Nukugushushanya sisitemu ikikije bushing, ntabwo ari bushing wenyine. Kandi nibijyanye no gushaka uwahimbye yumva imyitwarire yibikoresho kuva gushonga kugeza kumpera yanyuma, ushobora kuba umujyanama wubujyanama, ntabwo ari uwatumije gusa. Icyemezo cyibikoresho nintangiriro yikiganiro, ntabwo iherezo ryacyo. Icyerekezo nyacyo cyanditswe mubikorwa hasi y'uruganda, nyuma yigihe cyo kugura gifunze.
