Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'ibyuma bitagira umwanda,' bashushanya igikoni cyaka cyane, kitangirika. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Mubyukuri, ni umuryango wa alloys, kandi guhitamo amanota atari yo gusaba ni ikosa rihenze nabonye inshuro nyinshi. Ntabwo ari ukurwanya ruswa gusa; bijyanye na machinability, gusudira, nuburyo yitwara munsi ya stress cyangwa ubushyuhe. Reka tuvuge kubyo urupapuro rwihariye rutakubwira.
Amavuta ntabwo arinkuru yose
Fata 304 na 316, amafarashi y'akazi. Buriwese azi ko 316 ifite molybdenum kugirango irusheho guhangana na chloride. Ariko hasi yububiko, kubabara umutwe hamwe na 316 nuburyo bukunda gukora-nkumusazi mugihe Imashini ya CNC. Uratekereza ko ufite ibiryo byawe n'umuvuduko wahamagaye, hanyuma bukwi na bukwi igikoresho gisakuza, kurangiza hejuru bijya ikuzimu, hanyuma ugasigara ufite akajagari gakomeye, gummy. Irasaba kubaha nibikoresho bikarishye, birenze 304. Kubisosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ikora ibintu byose kuva gukina kugeza kumashini yanyuma, ibi ntabwo ari amasomo. Bisobanura gutegura gahunda zose zikorwa - duhereye kumiterere yintete - hafi yuburyo ibikoresho bizacibwa nyuma.
Noneho hariho urwego-rwubusa, 303. Yongeyeho sulfure, bityo ikata neza. Ariko iyo sulferi imwe yica kurwanya ruswa no gusudira. Nigeze kubona icyiciro cyimibiri 303 ya valve, ikozwe neza, ikananirwa imburagihe mugihe cyoroheje cyangirika kuko umuntu yibwiraga ko idafite umwanda. Umukiriya yari akeneye 316, ariko 303 yari ihendutse kandi yoroshye kumashini. Ibyo kuzigama mugihe gito byatwaye amahirwe yo gusimburwa no kumenyekana. Numutego wa kera.
Nuance nyayo ije ifite amanota-akomera amanota nka 17-4 PH. Urayikora mumashini ikemurwa Imiterere A, yoroshye cyane. Noneho urashyuha-ubivura kuri H900 cyangwa H1150 kugirango ubone izo mbaraga zidasanzwe. Ariko niba uburyo bwawe bwo gutunganya butabarijemo impinduka zingana mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa nyuma - kandi bizahinduka - umurongo wawe wo kwihanganira icyogajuru cyo mu kirere uhinduka ibisakuzo. Numubyino hagati yumukanishi na metallurgiste.
Kujugunya neza: Birenze Gusuka Ibyuma
Aha niho hashyirwaho urufatiro. Gutera ishoramari ni byiza cyane ibyuma ibice, ariko satani muburyo burambuye. Irembo na riser ni ngombwa. Stainless ifite uburyo bwo kugabanuka butandukanye nicyuma cya karubone. Niba ukoresheje sisitemu imwe yo kugaburira, uzabona kugabanuka kwinshi mubice byimbitse. Ibi twabyize kare kuri QSY. Amapompo yo guturamo ya pompe yakomeje gutsindwa ibizamini. Uburinganire bwa geometrie bwari bwiza, alloy certs yari itunganye. Ikibazo cyari riser yari nto cyane kandi ahantu hadakwiye, inzara ya casting uko yakomezaga. Kongera guhindura gahunda yo kugaburira byakemutse. Ntabwo byari ibintu byananiranye; byari inzira yo kunanirwa.
Igikonoshwa cyo gushushanya kubintu bitagira umwanda bizana ikindi gihinduka: reaction yicyuma. Amavuta amwe n'amwe, cyane cyane afite chromium ndende, arashobora gukora igicucu gikomeye, cyaka cyane aho icyuma gihura na ceramic shell. Ntabwo ari igipimo ushobora guturika gusa; ni umurunga w'ibyuma. Niba bikabije, byangiza ubuso kandi bisaba amafaranga menshi yimigabane yo gutunganya, bikuraho ikiguzi. Amayeri ari mu ikoti ryubatswe - ifu ya zircon yihariye cyangwa inganda zikoreshwa - n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Impamyabumenyi nkeya zirashyushye cyane, kandi urimo kwigurira iminsi yimirimo yinyongera.
Ntitwibagirwe ibinure bidasanzwe QSY ivuga, nkibya nikel. Akenshi, ntabwo urimo guta gusa; urimo gutera Inconel cyangwa Hastelloy kuruhande. Imikorere y'itanura igomba kuba ntamakemwa kugirango wirinde kwanduzanya. Ikimenyetso cy'ibisigazwa by'ibyuma bya karubone muri salle birashobora kwinjiza karubide y'icyuma mumashanyarazi ya superalloy, bikabangamira imiterere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ibikoresho byo mu bikoresho byinshi bifite akamaro nkibyuma.
Imashini Yukuri: Kuganira, Ubushyuhe, nubuzima bwigikoresho
Uhereye kuri casting, ububiko bwimashini ntibusanzwe. Urashobora kugira ubuso buturika hejuru yumufuka wubunini bukomeye. Urupapuro rwawe rwa mbere rugoye rugomba kuba ubukana bihagije kugirango winjire munsi yubuso butagaragara ariko buhamye bihagije kugirango bidahungabanya igikoresho. Kubakinnyi bakomeye, gufatana no guhuza kugirango wirinde kugoreka imbaraga zo guca ni ibihangano. Ntabwo urimo gukora fagitire nziza; urimo gukora isuku hafi-net-shusho igice gifite ibibazo byimbere mubikorwa byo gukina.
Guhitamo gukonje bifite akamaro kanini. Igikoresho rusange-gikonjesha gishobora kuba cyiza kuri aluminium cyangwa ibyuma byoroheje, ariko kuri ibyuma, ukeneye amavuta menshi. Intego ntabwo ikonje gusa; ni ukugabanya impande zubatswe hejuru yigikoresho, niyo mpamvu nyamukuru yo kurangiza nabi no kwambara ibikoresho byihuse mubikoresho bya gummy. Twahinduye imirimo iremereye, ya chlorine idafite ubukonje bukonje mumyaka yashize, kandi ubuzima bwibikoresho kumirimo yacu 316 bwiyongereyeho 30%. Byari bifite akamaro.
Noneho hariho impagarara nyuma yimashini. Gusya cyane cyangwa guhindukira birashobora gutera impungenge ko, muburyo bwa serivisi yangirika, bihinduka intangiriro yo guturika kwangirika (SCC). Kubice bigenewe ibihingwa ngandurarugo cyangwa gukoresha hanze, passiyo ya nyuma cyangwa nubushyuhe bwo hasi burashobora gukenerwa. Ntabwo ari ku gishushanyo gisanzwe, ariko ni ubwoko bwubumenyi butandukanya iduka ryakazi nabafatanyabikorwa nyabo bakora.
Iyo Ikizinga Ntisobanura Ikirangantego
Ngiyo ngingo nini yo kwigisha abakiriya. Passivation ni itegeko. Ntabwo ari polish. Nuburyo bwa chimique ikuraho ibice byicyuma byubusa byinjijwe hejuru yubushakashatsi (tekereza ku tuntu duto duto twibikoresho byashyizwe mu gice) kandi bikungahaza chromium oxyde. Niba ubisimbutse, icyo gice kibengerana kizateza imbere ingese mu bubiko butose, kandi telefone izahamagara umukiriya urakaye. Nabwirijwe kubisobanura inshuro nyinshi kurenza uko nshobora kubara.
Ruswa nayo yerekeranye no gushushanya. Imyobo ni umwanzi. Ikibumbano cyiza gikozwe neza gihuza nubundi buso hamwe na gaze irashobora gukora umwobo ukomeye. Muri uwo mwanya wa ogisijeni wabuze, ndetse 316 irashobora kwangirika. Igisubizo gishobora kuba cyoroshye nko kwerekana ibintu bitandukanye bya gaze cyangwa isura yagutse. Nijyanye no gutekereza kuri ibyuma ibice nkigice cya sisitemu, ntabwo ari icyuma cyitaruye.
Kandi ubushyuhe bwo gusudira. Ibara ry'umukororombya ntabwo ari mubi gusa; ni agace chromium yabuze, bigatuma ishobora kwangirika. Kubisaba isuku cyangwa marine, iyo tint igomba gukurwaho, mubisanzwe no gutoragura no gutambuka. Umudozi arashobora kubyara TIG gusudira neza, ariko niba ubushyuhe butagenzuwe kandi uruhande rwinyuma ntirwasukuwe neza, washyizeho aho uzananira ejo hazaza. Kugenzura ubuziranenge bigomba kureba hejuru ya X-ray kubera inenge no kureba metallurgie yubuso.
Agaciro k'umufatanyabikorwa wuzuye
Aha niho icyitegererezo cyisosiyete nka QSY, hamwe nimyaka 30 mugukina no gutunganya, byumvikana. Ibibazo nasobanuye ni gahunda. Inenge ya casting ntishobora kugaragara kugeza nyuma yimashini yanyuma, guta agaciro kongerewe agaciro. Ingamba zo gutunganya yirengagije guhangayikishwa na casting zishobora gutera kugoreka. Kugira disipuline zombi munsi yinzu imwe ituma ibitekerezo bisubirwamo bitakaye mugihe utanze hanze guta umucuruzi umwe no gutunganya undi.
Barashobora gufata ingingo hakiri kare. Kurugero, Iki gice cya geometrie muri 17-4 PH cyaba ari inzozi kumashini kuva kumurongo ukomeye. Reka ishoramari tuyishyire kuri 90% net net, nubwo igiciro cyibikoresho kiri hejuru, kuko igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite - imyanda yibikoresho, igihe cyo gutunganya, kwambara ibikoresho - bizaba bike. Nibyo guhamagarira urubanza kuvuka gukora impande zombi zingana.
Yubaka kandi ubushishozi bwibintu. Itsinda ryabo ryashinzwe rizi ko ubushyuhe bwihariye bwa 304 butangwa na Supplier A bukunda kuba amazi make ugereranije na Supplier B, bishobora kugira ingaruka kumyuzure. Itsinda ryabo ryimashini rizi ko ububiko bwa Mill C burigihe busa nkaho bufite igipimo gikomeye. Ubu bumenyi bwuzuye, bwakusanyirijwe mumyaka mirongo, nibyo ugura rwose. Ntabwo ari urutonde rwubushobozi gusa Igikonoshwa na Imashini ya CNC; ni byegeranijwe, rimwe na rimwe birababaza, uburambe bwo gukora izo nzira zikorana kubikoresho bigoye. Nibyo bihindura ibyuma bitagira umwanda biva mubicuruzwa bigahinduka igisubizo cyakozwe.
