Xa abantu besiva 'intsimbi etyhidiweyo', bahlala benomfanekiso wokugalelwa okumangalisayo kwentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo. Ubunyani bugqwethekile kwaye bunentsingiselo ngakumbi. Yinkqubo echazwa kakhulu ngokusilela okuthe cwaka-ukungaqhubi kakuhle, ukuvalwa okubandayo, ukubandakanywa okufumana kuphela emva komatshini-njengokuphoswa ngempumelelo. Ndichithe iminyaka ndijikeleza iziseko, ndiwubonile umsantsa phakathi kwemizobo yeencwadi zezifundo kunye nenyani emdaka. Oku akuthethi malunga nethiyori egqibeleleyo; imalunga nokulawula ubushushu, ikhemistri, kunye nekhulu lezinto eziguquguqukayo ukurhwebesha intsimbi ibe yimilo eluncedo.
Ukuqala ngeMold: Ngaphezulu kweCavity nje
Yonke into ixhomekeke kwimold. Yenza oku kungalunganga, kwaye ugalela isinyithi esibiza kakhulu kumngxunya omdaka ophucukileyo. Kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ezinentembeko ephezulu, ishishini lihlala lithembela ngakulo utyalo mali okanye iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa. Ukhetho alunamkhethe. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yezindlu zempompo apho sasisebenzisa ukubumba iqokobhe ukuze kugqitywe kakuhle umphezulu kunye nokuzinza komda, kodwa kuye kwafuneka ukuba singabinanceba kuyilo lwesango ukunqanda isiphithiphithi. Ukungunda ayisosikhongozeli sokwenziwa; ngumphathi we-thermal kunye ne-geometry enforcer.
Utyalo-mali, inkqubo 'elahlekileyo' lelinye irhamncwa. Iinkcukacha onokuthi uzifezekise ziyamangalisa-cinga iiblade ze-iturbine ezineendlela zokupholisa zangaphakathi. Kodwa ipateni ye-wax ngokwayo yi-craft. Ukuba ubushushu benaliti ye-wax bucinywe ngamadigri ambalwa, wazisa uxinzelelo olunokuthi lungabonakali de iqokobhe leceramic ligxothwe, elikhokelela ekuqhekekeni kweqokobhe elibiza kakhulu. Luthotho lokuxhomekeka. Inkampani efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye neminyaka engamashumi amathathu kule ndawo, mhlawumbi itshise amawaka eepateni ze-wax ukudayela kwezo parameters kwii-alloys ezahlukeneyo. Lolo lwazi lweziko awukwazi kuGoogle.
Emva koko kukho ukusebenzisana kwezinto zokubumba. Ukugalela intsimbi engatyiwayo kwimold yesanti yesilica? Unokufumana imilo endilisekileyo, kodwa umphezulu uya kubarhabaxa, uthambekele ekungeneni. Kumabanga aphezulu, udinga isanti ye-zircon okanye i-ceramic ejongene nayo. Yenye yezo zibalo zeendleko-vs-ukusebenza okwenzeka phantsi. Ukhetho lokubumba luchaza ngokuthe ngqo umthwalo womsebenzi emva kokuphosa. Umphezulu wokungunda ombi kuthetha ukucola okuthe kratya, ixesha elithe kratya lobuchwephesha, ixabiso elininzi lokutya kumda wakho.
Thelela: Apho iFiziksi ithatha khona
Lo ngumzuzu wenyaniso. Ubushushu be-alloy bubalulekile, kodwa abukho nje malunga nokubetha inani kwipyrometer. Kukho 'ubushushu bempompo' ukusuka ezikweni kunye 'neqondo lobushushu lokugalela' kwimold. I-drop ibalulekile, ngakumbi kumacandelo amancinci. Ndibone kugalelwa ialloys esekwe cobalt apho ifestile icuthene ngokumangalisayo-ishushu kakhulu kwaye ususa ukungunda, kubanda kakhulu kwaye isinyithi asiyi kuzalisa iinkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo. Uphuhlisa ingqiqo kuyo, indlela isinyithi esihamba ngayo kunye nokukhazimla kwayo.
Ukugada kunye nokunyuka ligorha elingadumanga (okanye intlondi). Ayikokungena nje ngentsimbi; imalunga nokondla ukuncipha kokuqina. Impazamo ye-rookie yakudala ibeka isikhuphukeli apho sijongeka silungile kodwa ayenzi indlela yokuqinisa eqondisayo. Isiphumo? I-shrinkage porosity enzulu ngaphakathi kokusalwa, isiphene esinokuzibonakalisa kuphela phantsi kweX-reyi okanye ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo. Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kumzimba wevalvu owenziwe ngentsimbi ephindwe kabini. Intle ngaphandle, kodwa uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomxhasi aluphumelelanga. Isikhuphukeli sasincinci kakhulu, sikude kakhulu. Ilahleko epheleleyo yezinto kunye nexesha lomatshini.
Umoya ngexesha lokugalela ngomnye umaleko. Kwezinye ii-alloys, ezifana ne-nickel-based based, kunye nokuvezwa okuncinci kwi-oksijini ngelixa ukunyibilika kunokukhokelela kwii-oxides eziyingxaki. Kulapho iimeko-bume ezilawulwayo okanye i-fluxes ekhuselayo ingena khona. Yinto ezolileyo, ehlala ingahoywa inkcukacha ezahlula ukubunjwa okusebenzayo ukusuka ekusebenzeni okuphezulu.
Izinto eziphathekayo yiyo yonke into (kwaye akukho nto ngaphandle kwenkqubo)
Ungakhankanya ibakala eligqibeleleyo le intsimbi okanye 316 intsimbi engenasici, kodwa inkqubo ye-Foundry imisela ukuba ufumana ntoni na. Ulawulo lwekhemistri olunyibilikayo lubaluleke kakhulu. Into elula efana ne-magnesium fade kwi-iron ductile inokuguqula i-iron eqinile, i-nodular ibe yinto ebuthakathaka, i-flakey isakhiwo ukuba ubambe i-ladle ixesha elide. Udinga uhlalutyo olukhawulezayo, oluthembekileyo lwe-spectrograph ngqo emgangathweni.
Ukusebenza kunye ialloys ezikhethekileyo njenge-nickel okanye iintsapho ezisekelwe kwi-cobalt yiligi eyahlukileyo. Zihlala zinyibilikiswa ngevacuum okanye zisetyenzwe ngononophelo olugqithisileyo ukulawula izinto zokulandela umkhondo. Ixabiso lempahla ekrwada liphezulu kangangokuba ukuphosa okulahliweyo yeyona nto ibetha kakhulu. Umda wemposiso ucutheka phantse ukuba akukho nto. Ezi alloys zikhethwa kwiindawo ezigqithiseleyo-ukushisa okuphezulu, ukubola okuphezulu-ngoko nasiphi na isiphene sangaphakathi sisona sizathu sokungaphumeleli. Inkqubo yokugalela ezi ayikobunjwa nje; bubugosa besinyithi.
Apha kulapho ubomi obude be-Foundry bubonisa khona. Ifemu esebenze ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30, njenge-QSY, igalele iintaba zesinyithi kwaye yadibana nazo zonke iziphene ezimangalisayo kwincwadi. Loo mava aguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kulawulo lwenkqubo kwiintsapho ezahlukeneyo eziphathekayo, nokuba yi-ferrite-austenite balance in a duplex stainless stainless okanye ukuhanjiswa kwe-carbide kwi-cobalt alloy. Ungafumana indlela yabo kwezi zixhobo zichaziweyo kwindawo yazo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Umphumo: Ukucocwa, ukuVavanya, kunye nokuJongana neNyaniso
Nje ukuba ukuphosa kupholile, uvavanyo lokwenyani luqala. Ukushukuma, ukunqumla amasango kunye nokunyuka-ngumsebenzi okhohlakeleyo. Kodwa apha, ufumana inkangeleko yakho yokuqala yokwenyani. Ukufakwa kwesanti, iinyembezi zomphezulu, ii-misruns ezicacileyo. Kukujonga amathumbu. Uvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT) ngumhlobo wakho apha. Idayi engeneyo yokuqhekeka komphezulu, uvavanyo lweradiyographic kwi-voids yangaphakathi. Yonke inkqubo yokuphosa ineziphene zayo eziqhelekileyo zokutyikitya. Ekwenzeni utyalo-mali, isenokuba ngamaqhekeza eqokobhe; kwi-santi casting, ingaba yi-santi inclusions.
Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yamacandelo otyalo-mali otyalo-mali kushishino lokutya apho i-dayi engeneyo yayihlala ibonisa imigca engacacanga. Ibingezontanda, kodwa 'zaphuma' kwiqokobhe leceramic. Yayingumba wokuthambisa ongazange uchaphazele umsebenzi, kodwa i-spec yomthengi yayingqongqo. Kwafuneka silungelelanise i-shell slurry formulation-i-tweak kwi-refractory particle size distribution particle size-ukuze siyiphelise. Yiloo nqanaba leenkcukacha ezithintekayo.
Ubungqina buhlala kumatshini. Ngumgwebi wokugqibela lowo. Unokuba ne-casting edlula yonke i-NDT, kodwa xa isixhobo somatshini we-CNC sibetha indawo enzima-indawo epholileyo okanye ukufakwa okungalindelekanga-inxalenye yonke ingaba yinkunkuma. Kungenxa yoko le nto izibonelelo ezidibeneyo eziphatha zombini ukuphosa isinyithi kwaye CNC Machining yiba nenzuzo. Ingxelo yengxelo imfutshane. Oomatshini banokuxelela i-Foundry kanye le nto bayibonayo, kwaye uhlengahlengiso lunokwenziwa kubushushu obulandelayo. Iqhekeza udonga phakathi kokubunjwa kunye nokugqiba.
Kutheni yonke le nto isihla kwi-Iteration kunye nokuthembela
Awuyinkosi ukuphosa isinyithi ukusuka kwincwadana. Ufunda kumadibi ezinto ezilahliweyo eziqinileyo. Inxalenye entsha yejometri, ibakala ngalinye elitsha le-alloy, yiphazili entsha. Inqaku lokuqala alifane ligqibelele. Kukho umjikelo weprototype, vavanya, lungisa isango, lungisa iqondo lobushushu, kwaye uzame kwakhona. Le nkqubo iphindaphindayo, ngamanye amaxesha iyakhathaza, ingundoqo womsebenzi wesiseko.
Yiyo loo nto ukusebenzisana ne-Foundry ingekokuthenga nje inkonzo; kukuthenga uvavanyo kunye neempazamo zabo eziqokelelweyo. Xa inkampani idwelisa iphothifoliyo yeenkqubo-iqokobhe lokungunda, utyalo-mali, umatshini-kunye noluhlu lwezixhobo ukusuka kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuya kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, azikho uluhlu lweenkonzo kuphela. Babonisa ukukwazi ukuzulazula yonke le khonkco inzima. Kumalunga nokuba nolwazi lwe-metallurgical ukukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yezinto kunye nesicelo, kunye nobuchule obusebenzayo bokubuqhuba ngokuqhubekayo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuphoswa kwesinyithi okuyimpumelelo ngumxube wezinto ezinzulu zenzululwazi kunye nezandla-on, phantse intuitive, ukuziqhelanisa nomgangatho wevenkile. Kumalunga nokuhlonipha i-physics, ukufunda kuyo yonke impazamo, kunye nokuqonda ukuba isikhunta, isinyithi, kunye nendlela zidityanisiwe. Injongo ayisiyiyo ukugalela ngokugqibeleleyo ngalo lonke ixesha-leyo yintelekelelo-kodwa yinkqubo elawulwayo, enokuxelwa kwangaphambili apho okuguquguqukayo kuqondwa kwaye kulawulwe. Yiloo nto eguqula ingcamango kwifayile yeCAD ibe yintsimbi ethembekileyo, esebenzayo.
