Xa usiva i-'CNC precision machining', iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kwi-micron-level unyamezelo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu okungenasiphako. Nantso isandi sentengiso, kunjalo. Inyani kumgangatho wevenkile luthethathethwano oluqhubekayo phakathi kokufanelekileyo kumzobo kunye nokuziphatha ngokomzimba kwesinyithi phantsi kwesixhobo sokusika. Ndibone uyilo oluninzi lungena kunye nonyamezelo oluchazwe kwiindawo ezintathu zedesimali apho ezimbini bezinokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, ngenxa yokuba 'zikhangeleka' ichaneke ngakumbi. Oko kusukelwa imfezeko drives iindleko ngokusebenzisa uphahla kwaye yazisa iseti yayo iingxaki. Ukuchaneka kokwenyani akukho malunga nokubetha nje inani; imalunga nokuphinda-phinda, uzinzo, kunye nokuqonda into ekufuneka yenziwe yinxenye. Ngumahluko phakathi kwenxalenye elinganisa ngokugqibeleleyo kwilebhu elawulwa yimozulu kunye nesebenza ngokugqibeleleyo iminyaka ngaphakathi kumatshini omdaka, ongcangcazelayo.
Isiseko: Iqala Phambi koMatshini
Awukwazi ukuthetha ngayo CNC ukuchaneka machining ngaphandle kokuba uqale uthethe ngento oyifaka kumatshini. Kulapho iiprojekthi ezininzi, ngakumbi kwiprototyping, zihamba ecaleni. Indlela yesixhobo ecwangciswe kakuhle ayinaxabiso ukuba imathiriyeli ekrwada inobulukhuni obungahambelaniyo okanye uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Ndiyifunde kabuhlungu le nto kwangethuba, ndisenza ibhetshi yezibiyeli zentsimbi engatyiwayo. Abalishumi bokuqala baphume begqibelele. Kwinxalenye yeshumi elinesihlanu, saqala ukubona idimensional drift-akukho nto siyitshintshileyo kwinkqubo enokulungisa. Umoni? Isitokhwe ekrwada sasinoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuqala yokuqengqeleka kwebha. Njengoko sasikhupha izinto, olo xinzelelo lwaphinde lwasasazwa kwaye inxalenye yashukuma kwi-vise. Isisombululo yayingengomatshini wokwenza izinto; ibichaza imathiriyeli ethomalalisa uxinzelelo okanye ukongeza inyathelo elirhabaxa kunye nozinzo lobushushu ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe. Kungenxa yoko le nto iinkampani ezinobuchwephesha bezinto ezinzulu, njengeQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), zinomphetho ocacileyo. Ngeminyaka engama-30 ekujuleni nasekusebenzeni, baqonda ngokwendalo ukuba uhambo lwe ngokuchanekileyo oomatshini inxalenye iqala kwinqanaba metallurgical, nokuba iphuma iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa blank okanye bar ekhandiweyo ingxubevange. Unokufumana indlela yabo ecacisiweyo kwindawo yabo kuyo tsngtaocnc.com.
Oku kukhokelela kolunye ulongamelo oluqhelekileyo: ukulungiswa. Ndichithe iiyure ezininzi ndilungisa ukutya kunye nezantya, kodwa ndaqonda ukuba eyona nzuzo ikhoyo yayikukuyila ngokutsha isiko esiye sanyusa ukuqina kwenxalenye ngama-40%. Kwindlu ye-aluminiyam enodonga oluncinci, sake sasebenzisa i-fusible alloy-low-melting-point fusible alloy ukuze sigcwalise i-cavity ngexesha lomatshini. Ibonelele ngenkxaso yangaphakathi asikwazanga ukufumana nayiphi na enye indlela, isivumela ukuba sithathe amanxeba angqongqo ngaphandle kokuncokola. Olo hlobo lweqhinga alukho kuyo nayiphi na incwadana ye-CNC eqhelekileyo; iphuma ekujijisaneni nokusilela kokwenyani.
Emva koko kukho ulawulo lwe-thermal. Wonke ama-machinist uyazi ukuba into epholileyo yeyokupholisa, kodwa umdlalo ochanekileyo umalunga nokulawula ukulingana kwe-thermal. Ukubaleka i-spindle ephezulu ngesantya esinzima iiyure ezisibhozo kuya kufudumeza ulwakhiwo lomatshini lonke, mhlawumbi iidigri ezimbalwa, kodwa ngokwaneleyo ukuba utshintshe indawo yakho engu-zero. Ngomsebenzi ongqongqo ngokwenene, sivumela umatshini ukuba aqhube umjikelo wokufudumala, ukusika umoya kangangemizuzu engama-20 ukuvumela yonke into izinze. Kuvakala kulula, kodwa ukutsiba eso sinyathelo yindlela elula yokukrazula inxalenye yokuqala yosuku.
Ukuchaneka kwiCNC Machining yiNkqubo
Ke unesitokhwe esilungileyo kunye nokuseta okuqinileyo. Ngoku ke CNC Machining iziko lithatha indawo. Kodwa nantsi into: ukuchaneka kokuma komatshini kukuguquguquka nje okunye. Ukuphambuka kwesixhobo yinto enkulu, ehlala ijongelwa phantsi. Ngaba usebenzisa isingqusho eside esibhityileyo ukufikelela kwipokotho enzulu? Nokuba iimicrons ezimbalwa zokugoba kwincam ziya konakalisa udonga lwakho oluthe tye kwaye lugqibe. Silwa oku ngecebo lendlela yesixhobo-ukunyuka ukungqusha ngokuchasene nesiqhelo, ukungqusha kwitrochoidal kwiipokotho ukugcina uthethathethwano ungatshintshi kwaye imithwalo iphantsi. Ukulinganisa isoftware kuyanceda, kodwa ayikhe igqibelele. Usafuna ukumamela ukusika. Ukutshintsha kwesandi kudla kwandulela utshintsho kumlinganiselo.
Imbuyekezo yokunxiba isixhobo yenye umbulali othuleyo wokungaguquguquki. Ixesha elide lamacandelo kwizinto ezinzima ezifana ne-nickel-based alloy, isixhobo sinokunxiba i-0.02mm kubomi baso. Ukuba awubuyiseli ngokuqhubekayo oko kudweliso lwenkqubo okanye ngenkqubo yokuphonononga, iinxalenye zakho ezilikhulu zokugqibela ziya kuphelelwa. Kulapho ukudibanisa ukuphosa kunye nomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye, njengoko kusenziwa yi-QSY, kubonisa ixabiso layo. Xa umatshini usenza inxalenye, unolwazi olunzulu malunga nokusikwa okuthe ngqo kwemathiriyeli, iindawo zayo ezinzima, ukophuka kwetshiphu ekhethwayo. Olo lwazi luguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kubomi besixhobo obuzinzile ngakumbi kunye neziphumo eziqikelelwayo.
Kwaye masingayilibali into yomntu. Eyona nkqubo ye-CAM idinga i-machinist eyazi ukuba ingayigqithisa nini ireyithi yokutya kuba isandi 'sicimile,' okanye oqaphela ukwakheka okuncinci kumda wokufaka ngaphambi kokuba lusilele. Le nto ibambekayo, iluvayo lwempendulo yinto engenazibane ngokupheleleyo ifektri iphindaphindwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Umatshini uyahamba, kodwa umatshini unika isigwebo.
Xa Ukuchaneka Kudibana noMsebenzi weHlabathi wangempela
Lo ngundoqo wayo yonke into. Ndikhumbula icandelo lebloko yevalvu yehydraulic. Umzobo wawufuna ukugqitywa kwesipili kumphezulu wokutywina. Siyifezekisile, kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo inxalenye ayiphumelelanga kuvavanyo loxinzelelo. Ngoba? Umphezulu wokutywina wawugudile kakhulu. Kwakufuneka ipateni ethile yokuqandusela ukuze i-sealant ingene ngokufanelekileyo. Kwafuneka sibuyele emva kwaye ngabom songeze ukuthungwa okulawulwayo. Eso yayisisifundo: ukuchaneka kufuneka kuchazwe ngomsebenzi, hayi nje ixabiso leRa elingenamkhethe. A ngokuchanekileyo machining Inkqubo kufuneka ihambelane nokuphela kokusetyenziswa, nokuba loo ndawo iya kumpompo engenastainless yebakala lokutya okanye i-injini yobushushu obuphezulu.
Enye imeko ibandakanya iindibano. Unomshini wamacandelo amabini ukuze unyamezele ngokumangalisayo komntu ngamnye, kodwa ukuba awuphenduli ngokupakishwa kokunyamezela kwindibano, okanye ukwandiswa kwe-thermal coefficients ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli, aziyi kungena okanye zisebenze kunye phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza. Ngamanye amaxesha, intshukumo echanekileyo kukutshiza ngabom inxalenye enye kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokunyamezelana ukuze litshatise inxalenye yalo yokukhwelana. Le ndlela yokucinga ibalulekile.
Lo mbono usebenzayo kutheni indibaniselwano yeenkonzo ibalulekile. Inkampani eyenza kuphela oomatshini inokufumana umboniso oneziphene ezifihlakeleyo ezenza ukuba ukuchaneka okungaguqukiyo kungenzeki. Isiseko esingengomatshini sisenokungayila ukwenzeka. Umboneleli odibeneyo onje nge-QSY, ophethe yonke into ukusuka kwi-shell mold kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali ukuya ekugqibeleni CNC ukuchaneka machining, inokwandisa yonke inkqubo yetsheyini. Bangakwazi ukuyila ukuphosa ngee-datums kunye nesibonelelo sesitokhwe esenza ukuba isigaba somatshini sizinze kwaye sisebenze kakuhle, inzuzo enkulu kumacandelo anzima kwezo zinto zikhethekileyo zikhankanyiweyo, njenge-cobalt okanye i-nickel-based based.
Iindleko zokuleqa iMicron yokugqibela
I-Economics sisihluzo sokugqibela, esingenakuphepheka. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweendleko kunye nokunyamezelana akukho mgca; i-exponential. Ukuthatha ukunyamezela ukusuka ku-±0.05mm ukuya ku-±0.025mm kunokuphinda kabini ixesha lomatshini kwaye kufuna uhlolo olulodwa. Ukuyithatha ukusuka ku-±0.025mm ukuya ku-±0.01mm kunokuphinda kabini. Ufuna amagumbi ane-air-conditioner, ukutya okucothayo, utshintsho lwezixhobo rhoqo, kwaye mhlawumbi emva kwenkqubo yokusila okanye ukukrazula. Injineli elungileyo okanye umthengi onobuchule osebenza nevenkile efana ne-QSY uya kubuza: Luluphi unyamezelo olufunwa lujongano olusebenzayo? Rhoqo, ukuphumza ubungakanani obungabalulekanga ngeenwele kunokunciphisa ixabiso lenxalenye nge-30% ngefuthe elingenamsebenzi ekusebenzeni.
Iindleko zokuhlola ziyinxalenye yoku, nazo. Ukulinganisa kwi-0.001 kufuna izixhobo ezahlukeneyo (kunye nokulinganisa) kunokulinganisa kwi-0.0001. Elo xesha leCMM alikhululeki. Inkqubo eyomeleleyo ijolise kwisakhono (Cp/Cpk) apho ukusasazwa kwendalo kwenkqubo yomatshini kulungile ngaphakathi kwebhendi yokunyamezelana, ngoko akuyomfuneko ukuba ulinganise yonke imilinganiselo kwinxalenye nganye. Ulawula inkqubo, kungekhona nje ukuhlola imveliso.
Apha kulapho ubambiswano lwexesha elide kunye nevenkile ekwaziyo ukuthengisa oomatshini luhlawula khona. Bafunda imigangatho yakho, ufunda izakhono zabo, kwaye unokwenza ngokudibeneyo ukuyila kokubini ukusebenza kunye nokwenziwa. Kuncinci malunga nokuthumela i-RFQ engqongqo kwaye ngakumbi malunga nencoko eqala ngayo, Nantsi into ekufuneka yenziwe. Singayenza njani eyona nto ibhetele?
Ukuyisonga: Ukuchaneka njengeFilosofi
Ngoko, emva kwayo yonke le nto, yintoni na CNC ukuchaneka machining? Yinkqubo. Iqala ngesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo, ihamba ngokuyila inkqubo ehlakaniphile kunye nokulungiswa okuzinzile, iqhutywe kumatshini ogcinwe kakuhle ngumqhubi onobuchule, kwaye iqinisekiswa rhoqo kunye nomsebenzi wokusetyenziswa kokuphela njengowona mlinganiselo wokugqibela. Lulungelelwano phakathi kwamabhongo obugcisa kunye noqoqosho olusebenzayo.
Awunakuyithenga kwishelufu ngokuchaza nje umatshini wodidi. Yakhelwe kumava-uhlobo lwamava avela kumashumi eminyaka yokusombulula iingxaki kulo lonke ikhonkco lemveliso, njengeqela laseQingdao Qiangsenyuan ekusenokwenzeka ukuba laqokelelana. Kukwazi ukuba ngamanye amaxesha indlela eya kwindawo echaneke ngakumbi kukusebenzisa isicwangciso esithambileyo sokusika, okanye ukucacisa ibakala elahlukileyo le-aluminium, okanye ukongeza umjikelo wokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwemizuzu emihlanu.
Ekugqibeleni, icandelo elichanekileyo kakhulu lisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, kwixesha elijoliswe kuyo, ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Yonke enye into ngamanani ephepheni. Ubuchule bokwenyani kukwazi ukuba ngawaphi amanani abalulekileyo, kunye nendlela yokuwabetha imihla ngemihla, kwihlabathi lokwenyani, elingafezekanga, elingcangcazelayo levenkile yoomatshini. Leyo yinyani engathandekiyo, eyimfuneko.
