Uva 'izixhobo zeCNC ezichanekileyo' kwaye nengqondo ixhumela kwizinto ezibengezelayo, ezigqibeleleyo ngqo ukusuka kumatshini. Yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokuthengisa. Inyani, ukugaya imihla ngemihla, imalunga nokulawula umsantsa phakathi kwaloo nto ifanelekileyo kunye nenxalenye yomzimba esandleni sakho. Imalunga newaka leenguqu phakathi kwemodeli yeCAD kunye neqhekeza lokugqibela elikhutshiweyo. Uninzi lwabathengi, kwaye ngokunyanisekileyo ezinye iivenkile, ziyithatha njengenkonzo yorhwebo-layisha umzobo, ufumane iinxalenye. Ayiyo. Luthethathethwano olunemathiriyeli, izixhobo, kunye nokunyamezelana.
Isiseko: Iqala Phambi kokuba uMatshini ajikelezise
Ndibone iiprojekthi zisilela kwinqanaba locaphulo. Umzobo ungena kwindawo entsonkothileyo CNC ukuchaneka machining iindawo kwi-17-4 PH i-stainless, i-concentricity callouts eqinile kwiibhore ezininzi. Ixabiso liyavunywa, kodwa isicwangciso senkqubo yokuqala sakhawuleziswa. Khange sichithe ixesha elaneleyo kunye noomatshini phantsi, sihamba ngeqhinga lokulungisa. Inqaku lokuqala liye lasilela ekubalekeni ngenxa yokuba besicwangcise ukujikelisa inxalenye kube kanye, kodwa uxinzelelo olukhutshwe emva kokuba i-op yokuqala ikhuphe eyesibini. Kwafuneka siyiyile ngokutsha i-fixture, songeze inyathelo lokunciphisa uxinzelelo, kwaye sitye iindleko. Isifundo? Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu we-CNC wenzeka kwikhompyutheni kunye netafile yokucwangcisa, kungekhona umlawuli.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ngomnye umgibe oqhelekileyo. Wonke umntu ufuna 304 okanye 316 stainless ukumelana nomhlwa. Kodwa ngenxa CNC ukuchaneka machining iindawo ifuna imisonto emihle okanye iimpawu ezintsonkothileyo, i-303 idla ngokuba ngowona mdlalo ukrelekrele ngenxa yobuchule bayo. Ukurhweba kwi-corrosion resistance kunokwamkeleka, kodwa kufuneka ube nayo loo ncoko. Siye sasebenza kunye nomxhasi kwi-manifold fluid egxininisa ku-316. Isixhobo esinxitywayo sasinoburhalarhume, umgangatho wentambo uphazamisekile, kunye namaxesha okukhokelela kwibhaluni. Ekugqibeleni siye sabafumana ukuba bavavanye i-316L kunye nomxholo othile wesulfure ukwenzela umatshini ongcono. Isebenzile. Kufuneka uhlehle umva, ufundise.
Kulapho iqabane elinamava e-Foundry libonisa ixabiso layo. Thatha Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Bebekwi-casting kunye ne-machine amashumi eminyaka. Xa usenza imvelaphi yokusa ekrwada kwiqokobhe labo okanye inkqubo yotyalo-mali ngokulandelayo CNC ukuchaneka machining iindawo ukugqiba, bayasiqonda isakhiwo sokutya okuziinkozo, amandla okuba namabala anzima, amanqaku anokuthi agxininise ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuphosa ngokwayo. Olo lwazi lwazisa indlela abamisa ngayo umsebenzi wokuqala wokwenza oomatshini-apho kuthathwe khona amanxeba anzima, apho kuya kukhanya khona. Ithintela ukothuka phakathi ekwenzeni i-nickel-based alloy casting enexabiso eliphezulu.
Ukunyamezela: Inkohliso yeMfezeko
Iisimboli ze-GD&T kwiscreen zicocekile. Ukubamba akunjalo. Indawo yokwenyani eyi-?0.05mm kumbhobho onzulu kwi-iron ductile izandi ezithe ngqo de ube ujongana nokuphambuka kwesixhobo, uxinzelelo lwesipholisi, kunye nokukhukuliseka kobushushu kwisithuba seeyure ezisi-8. Awubambeli unyamezelo; ubambe inkqubo. Sisebenzisa ulawulo lwenkqubo yobalo kwimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo, kodwa noko kufuna isigwebo. Umisa nini kwaye ulungelelanise? Ukusukela i-micron yokugqibela kuyo yonke indawo kunokuphinda kathathu iindleko. Ubuchule bokwenyani kukwazi ukuba zeziphi iinyamezelo ezisebenzayo kwaye zeziphi ikopi-zincamathiselwe kumzobo omdala.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu yenye enye. Ra 0.4μm ikhangeleka kakhulu ephepheni. Ukuyifezekisa ngokuqhubekayo kwi-contour yangaphakathi kwi-cobalt-based alloy yisilwanyana esahlukileyo. Idla ngokuthetha ukutya okucothayo, iindlela zobuchule ezithile (ukunyuka ukungqusha ngokuchasene nesiqhelo kuyabaluleka), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isixhobo sokugqiba esahlukileyo esiphantse singanxibi. Umqhubi weendleko asiloxesha lomatshini lodwa; kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye nokunyuka kokuhlolwa okungaphezulu.
Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yemizimba yevalvu ye-QSY apho ukutywinwa komphezulu bekubalulekile. Ushicilelo lubize iRa 0.8. Sayibetha, kodwa ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo, yavuza. Umba yayingengoburhabaxa obuqhelekileyo (Ra) kodwa iprofayile-besinamanqaku amancinane asuka kwisifakelo esingafezekanga kancinane. Imitha yeRa ifundeke kakuhle, kodwa umsebenzi awuphumelelanga. Sitshintshele kwi-wiper insert kunye ne-toolpath eyahlukileyo. Inani le-Ra alizange litshintshe, kodwa iprofayili yomphezulu iye yatshintsha, kwaye itywina lasebenza. I-spec sheet ayisoloko ichaza lonke ibali.
Izixhobo kunye nokuSeta uMdaniso
Umatshini wakho ulungile kuphela njengesixhobo sakho kunye nomntu wakho wokuseta. Ngomthamo ophezulu CNC ukuchaneka machining iindawo, sisebenzisa izixhobo ezizinikezeleyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo i-hydraulic okanye i-pneumatic. Kodwa kumthamo ophantsi, umsebenzi womxube ophezulu, eyona nto ininzi siyenzayo, imalunga nokulungiswa kweemodyuli. Injongo kukufumana indawo engqongqo ngokusemandleni ngokuseta okumbalwa. Ngalo lonke ixesha ubamba kwakhona, uzisa impazamo.
Imbuyekezo yokunxitywa kwezixhobo iyazenzekela ngoku, kodwa ukwazi ukuba kuhlawulwa nini na kwenziwa ngesandla. Uhlakulela ingqiqo kuyo-isandi sokutshintsha okusikiweyo, ii-chips zibukeka zihluke (umbala, imilo). Ngokomzekelo, ukwenza ii-alloys zabo ezikhethekileyo ezisekelwe kwi-nickel, ii-chips kufuneka ziphume ngendlela ethile-eqhubekayo kunye ne-straw-colored. Ukuba ziqala ukujika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye ziqhawuke zibe mfutshane, isixhobo siya siba buthuntu kwaye sisebenze nzima ukwenza izinto. Ukuba ulinda ukujongwa komthwalo womatshini kwi-alam, usenokuba sele uyonakalisa ingqibelelo yomphezulu wenxalenye.
Isipholisi asenzelwa ukupholisa nje. Kwimingxuma enzulu yokugrumba la malungu, imalunga nokukhutshwa kwetshiphu. Sasinomsebenzi wokwemba imingxuma eyi-8mm, ubunzulu obuyi-120mm, kwintsimbi engama-4140. Isisipholisi esiqhelekileyo ngesixhobo besingonelanga; iichips zipakishwe kwaye zahlutha i-drill. Sitshintshele kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa soxinzelelo oluphezulu (ngaphezu kwe-1000 psi) kunye nomjikelo wokugqogqa ozinikeleyo. Ingxaki yasonjululwa, kodwa ibifuna ukutshintshwa kwemibhobho yomatshini kunye nokuhlelwa ngokutsha. Ezi ziinkcukacha ezingathandekiyo, ezithatha ixesha.
Uhlolo: Ukuhlolwa kweNqobo kokugqibela
Ingxelo yeCMM ngumgwebi wokugqibela. Kodwa awukwazi ukwenza i-CMM yonke indawo. Ukuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala kuphelele. Ukuqhuba imveliso, uchonga ubungakanani obubalulekileyo bokusebenza kwaye mhlawumbi 3-5 imilinganiselo yolawulo lwenkqubo engundoqo. Ujonga abo bakwi-frequency-yokuqala / yokugqibela, okanye yonke into ye-10. Zonke? Uyayithemba inkqubo yakho.
Kodwa ukuthembela kwakhelwe kwidatha. Sifaka yonke into: ubomi besixhobo, uhlengahlengiso olulungelelanisiweyo, ibhetshi yezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nobushushu obuphakathi kumgangatho wevenkile ukuba ngumsebenzi wokunyamezelana kakhulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ubona iipateni. Ufunda ukuba ibhetshi entsha ye-aluminiyam 6061 kumatshini omnye womthengisi ngokwahlukileyo kunomnye. Uhlengahlengisa iifidi zakho kunye nezantya ngokufanelekileyo phambi kokuba wenze ukusika kokuqala.
Kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo zokuphoswa kumatshini ezifana nezo zivelisa i-QSY, ukuhlola kuhlala kubandakanya ukujonga iimpawu zomatshini ubuyela kwiidatum ezingafakwanga. Oku kukuxelela ukuba ukujula bekusandi ekuqaleni. Sakhe safumanisa ukuba uthotho lwemingxuma yebholiti ibingekho kwindawo yethu hayi ngenxa yobuchwephesha bethu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba undoqo wokuphosa utshintshile kancinci. Ukuba nako okudityanisiweyo okuphanda zombini ukuphosa kunye noomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye, njengoko besenza, lukhawulezisa uhlalutyo lonobangela wengcambu kakhulu. Ijika umdlalo otyholwayo ube yiseshoni yokusombulula ingxaki.
Umba woMntu kunye nowona Mmandla
Ekupheleni kosuku, CNC ukuchaneka machining iindawo lishishini elixhaswa bubuchwepheshe. Umdwebi wenkqubo kufuneka acinge njengomashini oza kuqhuba umsebenzi. Ingcibi kufuneka iqonde injongo yomdwelisi wenkqubo. Kukho iluphu yengxelo rhoqo. Indlela yesixhobo egqibeleleyo ekufaniseni isenokungazinzi ngokwenyani kuba inxalenye inodonga olubhityileyo olungcangcazelayo. I-machinist yongeza inkxaso yesikhashana, yazisa umdwelisi weprogram, kwaye mhlawumbi ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kwemodeli ye-CAD kubandakanya ukuqinisa ubambo.
Iindleko zihlala zizixinzelelo. Ukuchaneka kubiza imali-ekuhla kwexabiso lezixhobo, abasebenzi bezakhono, izixhobo kunye nokulinganisa. Ixabiso alikho kwinxalenye ngokwayo; ikwinxalenye esebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, lonke ixesha, kwindibano yomthengi. Indawo enexabiso eliphantsi ebangela ukusilela kwentsimi ixabisa amaxesha alikhulu ukulungisa. Indima yethu kukukhokela abathengi ukuya kwinqanaba elichanekileyo lokuchaneka-kungekhona eliphezulu kunokwenzeka, kodwa elichanekileyo lomsebenzi, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nobomi bemveliso yabo.
Ngoko xa ujonga a CNC ukuchaneka machining iindawo umthengisi, musa ukujonga nje uluhlu lwabo oomatshini. Jonga kwimbali yabo yokusombulula iingxaki. Buza ukuba baliphatha njani inqaku lokuqala elingaphumeleliyo. Buza ngobudlelwane babo nabathengisi babo bezinto eziphathekayo. Cela ukubona iilogi zezixhobo zabo zokufumana imathiriyeli efanayo. Iimpendulo zale mibuzo zikuxelela okungakumbi kunayo nayiphi na incwadana enemifanekiso eqaqambileyo. Iinkampani eziye zajamelana nemijikelo, njenge-QSY kunye nembali yayo ye-30 yeminyaka, ngokuqinisekileyo bakhe ulwazi olunzulu, oluhlala luphumelele, lwenkqubo kwi-DNA yabo. Yiyo kuphela into ehlala ivala umsantsa phakathi kwemodeli egqibeleleyo kwiscreen kunye nenxalenye ethembekileyo kwibhokisi.
