Xa usiva 'i-Haynes 25 material seal', ingcinga ekhawulezileyo ihlala itsibela kubuchule bayo bobushushu obuphezulu-ngokufanelekileyo, ngenxa yomnombo wayo we-cobalt-chromium-nickel-tungsten. Kodwa kwiminyaka yam yokujongana namacandelo achanekileyo, ndibone umngeni wokwenene ayingomfanekiso we-alloy ephepheni; luguqulelo lwezo zakhiwo zibe yinto ethembekileyo, evuzayo-eqinile phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-thermal kunye noomatshini. Uninzi lwamaphepha abonisa ukuxhathisa kwawo kwi-oxidation ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1800 ° F, kodwa abafane bachaze iinuances zomatshini okanye ukutywinwa komphezulu ofunekayo umsebenzi we-post-CNC owenza okanye owaphula isicelo. Yinto enye ukuyiphosa; omnye ukugqibezela itywina elibambayo.
Character i Alloy kunye Machining Reality
I-Haynes 25, okanye i-L605, ayiyonto yakho yemihla ngemihla. Izinga layo eliphezulu lokuqiniswa komsebenzi liyintsomi. Ucinga ukuba uthatha isisikhi sokukhanya kwilathe, kwaye ngequbuliso isixhobo siyancokola okanye sinxibe kwangaphambi kwexesha ukuba iiparamitha zakho zicime kancinci. Oku sakufunda kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni. Kubuso betywina obumiselwe ukudityaniswa kombhobho weinjini yomoya, siqale sasebenzisa ukufakwa kwekhabhide eqhelekileyo. Isiphumo? Ingqibelelo yomgangatho ophantsi kunye ne-micro-fractures emaphethelweni-awamkelekanga kwindawo yokutywina. Izinto eziphathekayo zifuna ukuseta okuqinileyo, izixhobo ezibukhali ezineraki ekhangayo, kwaye rhoqo, ukutshintshela kwi-ceramic okanye i-CBN amabakala okugqiba ukupasa ukufikelela kwi-Ra 16 efunekayo okanye ngaphezulu.
Kulapho amava e-Foundry ebalulekayo. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), kunye neminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwiqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, uyaqonda ukuba umgangatho wokuphosa uyalela i-50% yedabi lomatshini. I-Haynes ephosa kakubi i-25 engenanto kunye ne-shrinkage yangaphakathi okanye i-inclusions iya kutshabalalisa icandelo lokutywina ngexesha lomatshini, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umqhubi we-CNC unobuchule kangakanani. Ukugxila kwabo kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo kuthetha ukuba banokukhangela isitokhwe esifanelekileyo sebha okanye balawula ikhemistri enyibilikayo ukunciphisa le miba kwasekuqaleni.
Ijometri yokutywina ngokwayo yongeza iileya. Isitywina sobuso esilula? Mhlawumbi ngokuthe ngqo. Kodwa xa udibanisa izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezinje ngegrooves yokulinganisa uxinzelelo okanye i-anti-rotation slots ngqo kwicandelo le-Haynes 25, isicwangciso somatshini kufuneka siphendule ukutyekela kwe-alloy. Kuye kwafuneka silungelelanise amandla okubamba kunye nokusebenza ngokulandelelana ukunqanda ukugqwetha ubuso obubalulekileyo bokutywinwa. Yinkqubo ebambekayo, hayi nje inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo.
Uyilo lwetywina kunye neMigibe yeSicelo
Ukuyila indibano yetywina ejikeleze iHaynes 25 yenye indawo. I-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal yahluke kakhulu kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zokukhwelana njenge-Inconel okanye iintsimbi ezithile. Kwitywina elimileyo levalve yobushushu obuphezulu, sakha sabhanqa isihlalo seHaynes 25 kunye nesiqu sealloy esahlukileyo. Ngexesha lokuhamba ngebhayisikile eshushu, ukwandiswa kokwahluka kwabangela ukuba kuvuleke indlela yokuvuza. Sifunda ntoni? Isitywina asiyonxalenye yeHaynes kuphela; yinkqubo yezinto zonke. Kuya kufuneka uyimodeli yokukhula kwe-thermal okanye, ngcono okwangoku, uyivavanye phantsi kweemeko zenkonzo ezifanisiweyo.
Unyango lomphezulu ngumxholo ekuxoxwa ngawo. Abanye bafunga nge-chrome plating ekhanyayo okanye inkqubo ekhethekileyo ye-nitriding ukomeleza ukunxitywa kobuso bokutywinwa. Nangona kunjalo, kunye neHaynes 25's ngokwendalo yechromium oxide umaleko owenzeka kwiqondo lobushushu, ukongeza enye into yokwaleka ngamanye amaxesha inokugalela okanye idilize, idale inkunkuma ebala umphezulu. Kwiinkonzo ezininzi ezibukhali esiziphetheyo-sicinga nge-aerospace okanye iinkqubo ezincedisayo zokuvelisa umbane-ukhetho lungqiyame kumphezulu owenziwe ngoomatshini kunye nentsimbi ekhutshiweyo. Ingqibelelo yomaleko we-oxide wendalo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Uhlalutyo lokusilela luhlala lukhomba kwimisebenzi yesibini. Icandelo lokutywina linokuphumelela uvavanyo loxinzelelo, kodwa lusilele kwinkonzo ngenxa yokuphatha umonakalo. I-Haynes 25, ngelixa inzima, isenokuthi ifakwe. Siphumeze iiprothokholi ezingqongqo zokuphatha emva komatshini sisebenzisa izinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi kunye noonogada bomphetho okhuselayo, ngakumbi emva kokubona ibhetshi yamanye amatywina agqibeleleyo ayalelwa kwii-burrs ezaziswe ngexesha lokucoca ngesandla. Zizi nkcukacha eziqhelekileyo ezahlula itywina elisebenzayo elithembekileyo.
Case in Point: I-Turbine Bypass Valve Seal
Umzekelo obambekayo yayiyiprojekthi yokubuyisela imali kwi turbine yerhasi esekwe emhlabeni. Itywina loqobo kwi-bypass valve actuator lalisilela kwangaphambi kwexesha ngenxa yokudinwa komjikelo ophezulu kunye nokunyuka kwe-thermal. Umxhasi uchaze uHaynes 25 wokutshintsha. Umceli mngeni yayilicandelo elicekethekileyo elinqamlezayo kufutshane nomlebe otywiniweyo, othanda ukugqwetheka ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca efunekayo emva komatshini ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo.
Inkqubo yethu, ephuhliswe ngolingo kunye neempazamo, ibandakanya ukwenziwa kakubi, i-anneal yokudambisa uxinzelelo, emva koko igqibe ukwenza oomatshini ngokususa isitokhwe esincinci. Ukuhonjiswa kokugqibela kwecone yokutywina ye-45-degree kwenziwa kulungiselelo oluqhelekileyo. Siye sasebenzisana ngokusondeleyo neqela lomatshini kwi QSY kule nto, ukusebenzisa kwabo CNC Machining ubungcali kwiikhonto zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukubamba unyamezelo oluqinileyo kwifomu yangaphambili yotyalo-mali yaba yinzuzo enkulu, ukunciphisa ixesha lethu lokugqibela kunye nomngcipheko.
Impumelelo ibixhomekeke kulawulo lwesakhiwo seenkozo. Inkozo erhabaxa evela kumjikelo wonyango olungafanelekanga inganciphisa ubomi bomjikelo ophantsi wokudinwa, nokuba ubulukhuni buchanekile. Saye sagqiba ukucacisa umoya we-oven olawulwa kakhulu ngexesha lokunyanga ubushushu bokugqibela ukuthintela nayiphi na i-carburization yomhlaba okanye i-decarburization, enokuthi ibeke esichengeni iipropati zomphezulu wetywina. Inxalenye ibikwinkonzo ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-18 ngoku kungekho miba ichaziweyo-ukuphumelela okuncinci okuqinisekisileyo indlela.
Iimbono ezingezizo kwiShishini kunye neSynergy yababoneleli
Ingcamango ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo kukuba ukuphosa 'i-alloy ephezulu' njenge-Haynes 25 kwingxaki yokutywina ngokuzenzekelayo isombulula. Ayonyani. Ndikhe ndabona izitywina eziyilwe ngaphezulu apho ialloyi elula, engabizi kakhulu enengubo elungelelene ngcono ibiya kusebenza ngokwaneleyo. Ukulungiswa kweHaynes 25 kufuneka kube yindibaniselwano ecacileyo ye-oxidizing atmosphere, amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-1500 ° F, kunye nesidingo samandla alungileyo okwakhiwa. Kungenjalo, utshisa nje ibhajethi.
Yiyo loo nto ukusebenzisana nomthengisi oqondayo uhambo olupheleleyo ukusuka kwinyibilika ukuya kumatshini kubalulekile. Umsunguli wobugcisa kunye ne-machinist efana QSY ayingomthengisi nje; bangumthombo. Xa uxoxa a Haynes 25 impahla seal iprojekthi kunye nabo, incoko inokusuka kweyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphosa (yabo iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kunokuba ngcono kwiijometri ezithile kunotyalo-mali lwale alloy) ukuya kwi-post-cast iimfuno ze-NDT, yonke indlela yokulungisa ii-ops ze-CNC zokugqibela. Oko kuqhubela phambili kunciphisa izikhewu zolwazi ezikhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwentsimi.
Enye ingongoma esebenzayo lixesha lokukhokela kunye nokulandeleka kwezinto eziphathekayo. Haynes 25 yokwenene ayisoloko iseshelufini. Umboneleli onomsebenzi wexesha elide kwi ialloys ezikhethekileyo ngokwesiqhelo useke amakhonkco obonelelo ngesitokhwe esiqinisekisiweyo. Kumatywina abalulekileyo, udinga izatifikethi ezipheleleyo zokugaya, kwaye rhoqo, ukuqinisekiswa okongeziweyo kwekhemistri. Le asiyondawo yokusika iikona kunye nemathiriyeli 'elinganayo' engaqinisekisiweyo, njengoko umsebenzi wokutywina ubotshelelwe ngokuthe ngqo kulwakhiwo lwealloyi oluchanekileyo.
Iingcamango Zokuqukumbela: Imalunga neNkqubo
Ke, yintoni eyenza iHaynes 25 itywine ngempumelelo? Kunqabile ukuba ibe ngumzuzu omnye we-eureka. Ngumdibaniso wokhetho oluchanekileyo lwemathiriyeli, uyilo olunolwazi lwengxelo yokuziphatha kwe-thermal, ubuchwephesha obuchanekileyo kunye nolwazi, kunye nokuphatha ngononophelo. Izinto eziphathekayo ziyakwazi, kodwa azixoleli kwiindlela ezimfutshane zenkqubo.
Ishishini litshintshela kubaboneleli abadibeneyo-abo banako ukuphosa, ukuphatha ukushisa, kunye nomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye-iyavakala kumacandelo anjalo. Iqinisa iilophu zempendulo. Ukuba ubuso bokutywinwa bubonisa ukungahambi kakuhle ngexesha lokuhlolwa kokugqibela, umachini unokukhawuleza adibane ne-metallurgist eyongamele unyango lobushushu, kunye nenjineli esisiseko eyayila inkqubo yokungena. Oku kucombulula ingxaki ngentsebenziswano kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ekugqibeleni, igama eliphambili 'yingqibelelo'-zombini ingqibelelo yesinyithi yenxalenye ye-Haynes 25 kunye nenkqubo yokuthembeka yekhonkco lemveliso. Xa zombini zilungelelaniswa, ufumana itywina elingadibanisi nje nephepha elithile, kodwa lisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kubunzima, obungcangcazelayo, ubunyani bebhayisekile yobushushu benkonzo yeshishini. Leyo yinjongo yokwenene, kwaye iphunyezwe kwiinkcukacha zeworkshop, kungekhona kwincwadana yokuthengisa.
