Xa usiva 'inkampani yomatshini echaneke kakhulu,' uninzi lwabantu luba nomfanekiso wegumbi elicocekileyo elizele ngoomatshini abenziwe eSwitzerland. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa mhlawumbi yi-30% yomfanekiso. Obona bunzima bukwelinye i-70%-amashumi eminyaka olwazi lwezinto eziphathekayo, ulawulo lwenkqubo engqongqo, kwaye ngokuphandle, amanxeba aqokelelweyo avela kwimisebenzi apho 'ukuchaneka' yayingumahluko phakathi kwenxalenye egqibeleleyo kunye nephepha elibiza kakhulu. Akukhona nje ngokuba nomatshini we-CNC; imalunga nokwazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwialloyi esekwe kwi-nickel ngesantya esithile sokutya xa ubambe ±0.005mm ukunyamezela, kwaye ube nesibindi sokwenza loo mnxeba kumgangatho wevenkile.
Isiseko asingoomatshini, kukuCasa
Apha kulapho uninzi lwabantu abatsha lukhubeka khona. Bacinga ukuba ukuchaneka kuqala kwinqanaba le-CNC. Akunjalo. Iqala kakhulu ngaphambili, kwi-Foundry. Ukuba ukuphosa kwakho ekrwada akuhambelani kuxinaniso okanye kunoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, neyona mill ilungileyo ye-5-axis kukupolisha i-turd. Uyakusukela ukunyamezelana imini yonke kwaye ungaze ubabethe. Ndifunde oku ngendlela enzima kwangethuba, ndikhangela iicastings ngexabiso. Sifumana ibhetshi yamalungu entsimbi angama-4140 abonakala elungile, kodwa ngexesha lomatshini, izixhobo ziya kunxiba ngokungalindelekanga, okanye imilinganiselo iya kutshintsha emva kokuba sithathe indawo kwi-vise. Ingxaki yayingekokwenza inkqubo yethu; yayiyi-microstructure engahambelaniyo yokuphosa.
Yiyo loo nto imbali yenkampani ekukhupheni ingenakuxoxisana ngomsebenzi wokwenyani ochanekileyo. Jonga Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Baneminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 besenza izinto kunye noomatshini. Ayilonani nje elo kwiwebhusayithi. Kuthetha ukuba bayibonile indlela iqokobhe lokungunda lomzimba wevalvu yentsimbi engenatyiwa liziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kumanzi ehlotyeni xa kuthelekiswa nokoma kwasebusika. Olo lwazi lusisiseko kwiinkqubo ezifana iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali yintoni evumela ukuba a inkampani echanekileyo ephezulu yomatshini ukulawula iinguqu ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala. Abenzi nje ukwenza ibhloko yentsimbi; benza ibhloko yentsimbi abayiqonda ngokusondeleyo kuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba bayigalile.
Umzekelo, ngokugalelwa kotyalo-mali kwizinto ezintsonkothileyo, ezikufutshane ne-net-shape, ukuchaneka kwepateni yokuqala ye-wax kunye neqokobhe le-ceramic lichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubungakanani bemathiriyeli ekufuneka siyisuse kamva. Ukuba ukuphosa kugqithise kakhulu, uzisa ubushushu obuninzi kunye noxinzelelo ngexesha lomatshini we-CNC, onokuthi ujike inxalenye yokugqibela. Indlela edibeneyo ye-QSY-ukulawula zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini-iyanciphisa oku. Banokuyila ukuphosa ngenkqubo yomatshini engqondweni, beshiya nje isixa esifanelekileyo sesitokhwe kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo. Ivakala ilula, kodwa ifuna incoko phakathi komgangatho wesiseko kunye neziko lomatshini elingafane libekho kwimiba yangaphandle.
IMaze yeMathiriyeli: Apho ithiyori idibana khona nendlela yesixhobo
Nabani na unokudwelisa insimbi engenasici, i-alloys ekhethekileyo kwiwebhusayithi. Umtyholi ukwiinkcukacha. Ukutshiza i-316L engenasici kwisicelo saselwandle yinto enye. Ukutshiza i-alloy esekelwe kwi-cobalt yesitywina esingagugiyo kwi-reactor yobushushu obuphezulu sisilo esahluke ngokupheleleyo. Le yokugqibela ayikho nje ngesantya esicothayo kunye nokutya; malunga nejiyometri yesixhobo, uxinzelelo olupholisayo kunye nohlobo (ngamanye amaxesha uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngesixhobo alwanelanga, udinga i-emulsion ethile esekwe kwi-oyile), kunye nomyalelo wemisebenzi yokulawula uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo.
Sakhe saba neprojekthi ebandakanya i-nickel-based alloy component. I-specs ibize ukugqitywa kwesipili kwi-bore yangaphakathi. Izixhobo zethu eziqhelekileyo ze-carbide, ezisebenza kakuhle kwintsimbi yensimbi, zincokole kwaye zahluleka kwimizuzu. Sidlule kwinqanaba lokuvavanya izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokugquma-i-AlTiN, i-AlCrN, uyibiza ngegama. Ukuphumelela akuvelanga kwisixhobo sefancier, kodwa ekuphindeni kuqwalaselwe ukuqina kwayo yonke isethingi. Kwafuneka siyile mandrel isiko ukuxhasa inxalenye ukusuka ngaphakathi ngexesha ekruqulayo, into ivenkile umatshini generic wayengenakuba bandwidth okanye ingqiqo ukwenza. Olu luhlobo lokusombulula ingxaki oluchaza inyani inkampani echanekileyo ephezulu yomatshini. Yintlanganiso yesayensi yezixhobo ezisebenzayo zomgangatho wevenkile.
Apha kulapho izinto zenkampani zibalulekile. Xa ndibona ukuba i-QSY ibiza ngokucacileyo ialloys esekwe cobalt kwaye ialloys esekwe nickel, ibonisa inqanaba lokuzibophelela. Ezi ayizomathiriyeli odlala kuzo. Zifuna amaqhinga okusebenza azinikeleyo, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, zitsala abathengi abaneemfuno ezinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba bafune obu buchule buthile. Awukhuphisani ngexabiso lale misebenzi; ukhuphisana kwisakhono esiqinisekisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko.
Ukuchaneka yinkqubo, hayi umzuzwana
Eyona ngcamango iphosakeleyo kakhulu kukuba ukuchaneka kufezekiswa kumlinganiselo wokugqibela. Ngokwenyani, luthotho lweenkqubo, ikhonkco ngalinye kufuneka lomelele. Iqala kumgangatho wokuqala wokuphosa (njengoko kukhankanyiwe), emva koko ihambe iye kulungiso. Indlela obamba ngayo inxalenye yinto yonke. Kwiblayidi ye turbine entsonkothileyo, ukuyila isisimbiso esifumana iidatum eziya kwenziwa kamva, ngaphandle kokwazisa ukugqwetheka, luhlobo lobugcisa. Sichithe iintsuku sizama umatshini into ukuya kwishumi, kodwa safumanisa ukuba inxalenye yaphuma ngenxa yokunyamezelana xa sele ikhutshiwe kwi-vise ye-hydraulic. Isisombululo yayisisimo semodyuli esisivumeleyo ukuba sitshise iidatum ezibalulekileyo kwi-op yokuqala, emva koko siphinde silungise sisebenzisa ezo datha zifanayo kwii-ops ezilandelayo.
Ulawulo lobushushu evenkileni ngomnye umbulali cwaka. Ukutshintsha kwe-5-degree Celsius kunokwandisa inxalenye yentsimbi ye-500mm ngama-microns amaninzi. Kwimisebenzi emininzi, ayinamsebenzi. Kumsebenzi wokwenyani ochanekileyo, ngumahluko phakathi kokupasa kunye nokungaphumeleli. Akusoloko malunga nokuba negumbi elipheleleyo elilawulwa yimozulu (nangona oko kuyanceda), kodwa malunga nokuqonda i-thermal drift koomatshini bakho kunye nokuvumela iindawo ukuba ziqhele ubushushu bevenkile ngaphambi kokusikeka kokugqibela. Olu luhambo olungathandekiyo, lwenkqubo olwahlula abantu abalungileyo kwii-hobbyists.
Le nkqubo yokucinga yinto evumela inkampani ukuba inike inkonzo epheleleyo njenge-QSY yenza. Ukusuka kuyilo lokusakha (iqokobhe ngundo vs. utyalo mali ukhetho olusekwe kwinxalenye yejometri kunye nomthamo) yonke indlela ukuya kumatshini wokugqibela we-CNC kunye nokuhlolwa, ukuba nequmrhu elinye elijongene nekhonkco kunciphisa umdlalo wokugxeka kunye nokuqinisekisa uxanduva lokupakishwa kokunyamezela kokugqibela. Awunakubeka ityala kwi-Foundry ukuba uyi-Foundry.
Xa Ukulunga Kwanele Akukho: Ityala elikwinqaku
Makhe ndikunike umzekelo obambekayo, ohluthwe ukuthengisa. Umxhasi udinga uthotho lwee-manifolds zovavanyo lokuphatha ulwelo oludlekayo. Izinto eziphathekayo yayiyintsimbi ephindwe kabini, kwaye ukucaca kunye nokuzala i-perpendicularity specs yayiqinile kakhulu. Ibhetshi yokuqala evela komnye umthengisi ayiphumelelanga ekudibaneni—imingxuma yeebholiti ayizange ilungelelaniswe ngenxa yemfazwe. Ingxaki? Ngokunokwenzeka indibaniselwano yokukhululeka koxinzelelo kwi-cast cast ekrwada kunye nefuthe lobushushu ngexesha lomatshini.
Xa thina (okanye inkampani enemodeli edibeneyo efanayo) yasondela kuyo, inkqubo yayihluke. Okokuqala, inkqubo yokuphosa yenzelwe uxinezeleko oluncinci lwentsalela. Emva koko, ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe umatshini, iicastings ezirhabaxa ziye zafumana uzinzo. Ngexesha CNC machining kwi zabo CNC Machining amaziko, imisebenzi yalandelelwa ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi-i-roughing yonke indawo, emva koko i-semi-finishing, emva koko i-stress relief, emva koko ekugqibeleni. Ukulungiswa kwemihlathi ethambileyo esetyenzisiweyo efakwe kwindawo ukuze ihambelane ngokugqibeleleyo. Isiphumo yaba yinxalenye engazange idibane noshicilelo kuphela kodwa ibambe ijometri yayo enkonzweni. Le ndlela yokujongana nayo yonke into iyimveliso engundoqo ye-seasoned inkampani echanekileyo ephezulu yomatshini. Isixhobo somatshini sisixhobo sokugqibela kwiokhestra ende.
Ungasibona esi sixhobo siboniswa kwipotfoliyo yefemu efana neQSY (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com). Ukuhlala kwabo ixesha elide kucebisa ukuba bajonge le mingeni ichanekileyo kuwo wonke amashishini. Ayikokudwelisa wonke umgangatho we-ISO; imalunga nokuqonda okucacileyo ukuba kumzimba wevalve yoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye icandelo lempompo kwi-alloy ekhethekileyo, inyathelo ngalinye ukusuka kwinyibilika ukuya kumlinganiso libalulekile.
I-Metric yokwenyani: Ukuhambelana kwexesha
Okokugqibela, uvavanyo lokwenyani a inkampani echanekileyo ephezulu yomatshini asiyonxalenye yommangaliso omnye. Kukukwazi ukuvelisa inani leqashiso le-100 elilingana nemigangatho efanayo nenani leqashiso loku-1, kwiminyaka emibini kamva. Oku kwehla kwiinkqubo: uhlolo olungqongqo lwenqaku lokuqala, ulawulo lwenkqubo yeenkcukacha-manani ukulungiselela imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo, kunye nolawulo lwesixhobo esinenkathalo. Ngumsebenzi odikayo. Yidatha yokugawulwa kwemithi, ukujonga iintsingiselo, kunye nokutshintsha isixhobo ngaphambi kokuba sinxibe, hayi emva kokuba sophuke.
Oku kuhambelana yinto eyakha ukuthembana kunye nabathengi kwi-aerospace, amandla, kunye neenkalo zonyango. Kufuneka bazi ukuba umzobo sisivumelwano, kwaye inkqubo yomthengisi sisiqinisekiso. Xa iwebhusayithi yenkampani, njenge-QSY's, ichaza ngokuzolileyo iminyaka engama-30 yokusebenza, ibonakalisa ngokuzolileyo obu buchule bokungaguquguquki kwexesha elide. Baye basinda ngenxa yokuba baye baphumelela uqeqesho olungathandekiyo lokuphindaphinda.
Ke, xa uvavanya iqabane, jonga ngaphaya koluhlu lomatshini. Buza ngomlibo wabo wezinto eziphathekayo. Buza malunga nentanda-bulumko yabo yokulungisa iindawo ezinodonga olucekethekileyo. Xoxa ngendlela abalawula ngayo ifuthe lobushushu. Iimpendulo zabo-okanye ukunqongophala kwazo-kuya kukuxelela ngakumbi malunga namandla abo njengenene inkampani echanekileyo ephezulu yomatshini kunayo nayiphi na incwadana enemifanekiso eqaqambileyo. I-craft ikwiinkcukacha, kwaye iinkcukacha zizalwa ngamava, zihlala zingcolile kwaye ziphumelele.
