Xa usiva 'ihigh precision machining', into yokuqala ethi gqi kwiintloko zabantu abaninzi linani. Singakwazi ukubamba ukunyamezela ukuya kwi-± 0.001 intshi okanye oomatshini bethu bayakwazi ukuchaneka kwe-sub-micron. Leyo yintetho yencwadana enemifanekiso eqaqambileyo. Ibali lokwenyani, elibalulekileyo kumgangatho wevenkile, liqala emva kokuba uthenge i-axis yesigidi seedola. CNC Machining iziko. Kulapho ufunda ukuchaneka akukhona nje malunga neshiti lomatshini; litsheyini. Ikhonkco lolawulo lobushushu, ukunxitywa kwezixhobo, ukuqina kwezinto, ukuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo, kunye, ngokungafihlisiyo, intuition yomsebenzisi. Iivenkile ezininzi, ngakumbi ezo zitsiba ukusuka jikelele ukuya kumsebenzi 'wokuchaneka okuphezulu', ziyayiphosa loo nto. Bacinga ukuba umatshini wenza wonke umsebenzi. Leyo yindlela ekhawulezayo ukuya kwizinto ezixabisa imali eninzi.
Isiseko: Ayisiyo i-CNC kuphela
Ndiyibone amaxesha amaninzi kakhulu. Ivenkile ifumana iziko elitsha, elinesiphelo esiphezulu somatshini, ibethe ibhloko ye-304 engenabala etafileni, kwaye ilindele ukugqitywa kwesipili kunye nokubhora okugqibeleleyo. Emva koko bafowunela malunga nemiba ye-vibration okanye i-thermal drift. Umbuzo wokuqala endiwubuzayo ngoku awukho malunga nokutya kunye nezantya zabo; imalunga nesiseko sabo. Ngokoqobo. Ngaba umgangatho uyi-monolithic slab esecaleni kwezinye izithuthi zezityalo? Ngomgangatho womsebenzi esiwenzayo kwiziko lethu, njengejometri ezintsonkothileyo zamalungu evalvu evela kwialloyi ezikhethekileyo, nokuba iforklift eqhuba ngeemitha ezingama-50 kude inokwazisa inyikima ebonisa njengophawu lokuncokola oluyi-0.0002. Awunako ukuyicwangcisa loo nto.
Emva koko kukho imozulu. Ukubaleka a high precision machining iseli ifana nokusebenzisa ilebhu ye-metrology. Sigcina indawo elawulwayo, ± 2 ° F ukuba sinokuyinceda. I-aluminiyam kunye nentsimbi yanda kwaye ikhontrakthi ngaphezu kokuba ucinga ngosuku. Ukuba uqala umsebenzi kusasa xa kungama-68°F kwaye ugqibezele umlinganiselo obalulekileyo emini emaqanda xa ingu-74°F kufutshane nefestile, uphulukene nokuchaneka kwakho. Ngeeprototypes zethu zotyalo-mali ezifuna ukwenziwa komatshini wokugqibela, oku akunakuxoxisana. Inxalenye sele idlule kwi-wax, igobolondo, kunye nenkqubo yokuthulula; ukuyijija kwinqanaba lokugqibela le-CNC ngenxa yeqondo lobushushu yi-gut punch.
Kwaye izixhobo. Kulapho imvakalelo ingena khona. Unokuba neyona spindle igqwesileyo eyenziwe eSwitzerland, kodwa ukuba usebenzisa isisila sohlobo lwegeneric kumgqomo wesixa, yilibale. Sifumana izixhobo ezithile, ezigqunywe ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukwenza i-alloy esekelwe kwi-nickel njenge-Inconel sisilo esahlukileyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-carbon steel. Ijiyometri yesixhobo, i-coating (i-AlTiN vs. TiAlN), ukubala kwefluti-ibalulekile yonke into ekupheliseni ubushushu kunye nokukhutshwa kwetshiphu. Isixhobo esigugileyo asivelisi nje ukuphela okubi; ifaka ubushushu obuninzi kunye noxinzelelo, iguqula indawo nge-microscopically. Usenokunyamezela, kodwa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luya kukuluma kamva ngexesha lendibano. Sifunde oku ngendlela enzima kwibhetshi ye-cobalt-chrome yokufakelwa kwezonyango.
Imemori yezinto eziphathekayo kunye noMdaniso woMachining
Le yi-nuance eyahlula abenzi benxalenye kwiinjineli ezichanekileyo. Izixhobo zinenkumbulo. I-Castings, isonka sethu kunye nebhotela e-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), yimizekelo ephambili. Iqokobhe lokungunda okanye ukuphoswa kotyalo-mali kuza kwisebe le-CNC kunye noxinzelelo lwendalo, oluvaleleke ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yokupholisa. Ukuba uyayicinezela kwaye uqalise ukukhupha izinto ngokukrakra, ukhulula olo xinzelelo ngokulinganayo. Inxalenye iya kuhamba, ngamanye amaxesha ngokumangalisayo, kanye etafileni.
Inkqubo esiyiphuhlisileyo, emva kweebhetshi ezimbalwa ezingaphumelelanga kwangethuba, ngumdaniso wokudlula okukhanya kunye nolandelelwano olucwangcisiweyo. Singathatha ukuphosa, senze i-op erhabaxa ukuze singene ngaphakathi kwe-0.050, emva koko siyikhulule, sinciphise uxinzelelo kwi-oveni, kwaye siyilungise ngokutsha ukuze igqibezele. Kuphela emva koko siya kumdlalo wokugqibela, high precision machining uyapasa. Yongeza amanyathelo, yongeza ixesha, kodwa kuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa uzinzo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumacandelo anodonga olucekeceke oluqhelekileyo kumalungu asemajukujukwini esiwaphatha ngamanye amaxesha. Impazamo yakudala kukuleqa ukugqibelela kwisethingi enye; ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka uyeke indawo izinze phakathi kwezenzo.
Ukulungisa luhlobo lwayo lobugcisa. Kwinxalenye entsonkothileyo, engalinganiyo yotyalo-mali, ukuyila isizinzi esibonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo ngaphandle kokunyanzelisa ukugqwesa okubambezelayo yiphazili. Sihlala sisebenzisa iindlela zokulungisa iimodyuli kunye nemihlathi ethambileyo eyenziwe ngoomatshini kwindawo-nto leyo ethetha ukuba sisebenza ngomatshini iiprofayili zemihlathi kumatshini ofanayo oya kwenza inxalenye, eqinisekisa ukuhambelana okugqibeleleyo. Lixesha lotyalo-mali olungaphambili oluhlawula kuyo yonke imveliso. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yendlu yempompo yaselwandle kwi-duplex stainless steel apho uyilo lokuqala lokulungisa lubangele i-0.0015 isaphetha. Kwakubonakala kuphela kwi-CMM emva kwenyani. Sayila ngokutsha ukuxhasa i-webbing yangaphakathi ngexesha lomatshini, eliyisombulule. Isicwangciso asizange siyikhankanye loo nto; amava enza.
I-Metrology Feedback Loop
Awukwazi ukulawula into ongenakuyilinganisa, kodwa awukwazi ukuvumela umlinganiselo ukuba ukhubaze. Injongo ayikokulinganisa yonke into kwindawo nganye-ayinokugcinwa. Injongo kukuseka i-loop impendulo ethembekileyo phakathi komatshini kunye nesixhobo sokulinganisa. I-CMM yethu kunye ne-laser scanners ayisiyonto yokuhlolwa okokugqibela; zizixhobo zophuhliso lwenkqubo.
Xa sifumana usapho olutsha, thetha uluhlu olutsha lwemizimba yevalvu yentsimbi estainless kumxhasi, siya kuqhuba inkqubo yenqaku lokuqala elinesixhobo esinzima. Machine iinxalenye ezintlanu. Emva komsebenzi ngamnye omkhulu, zilinganise. Hayi nje imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo, kodwa khangela iipateni-ngaba zonke iindawo zihamba kwi-Z-axis ngesixa esingaguqukiyo? Ngaba kukho i-taper kwibhore ecebisa ukuphambuka kwesixhobo? Loo datha ibuyela ngqo kwi-CNC programmer. Sisenokuhlengahlengisa isixhobo sokulinganisa, sitshintshe indlela esebenza ngayo, okanye songeze i-spring pass. Le loop ijika umatshini ekubeni umenzi ongaboniyo ube yinkqubo yokufunda. I CNC Machining Inkqubo izinza kwaye iqikeleleke.
Kodwa kukho umgibe apha: ukuthembela kakhulu kufundo lwedijithali. Ngamanye amaxesha, imvakalelo ibalulekile. Umchwephesha onamava oqhuba ipasi lokugqibezela kwi-titanium alloy unokuva umahluko phakathi kokusikwa okugudileyo kunye nalowo oqala ukuncokola. Uyakwazi ukubona umbala wetshiphu kunye nefom. Loo mpendulo ichukumisayo ikhawuleza. Ukulinda ingxelo yeCMM kwiiyure ezimbini kamva kusemva kwexesha. Ngoko silinganisela. Umsebenzisi womatshini uneseti yee-micrometers ezilinganisiweyo kunye ne-gages ebhobhozayo kwisikhululo sakhe ukuze kuhlolwe inkqubo kwimilinganiselo engundoqo. Kukudityaniswa kokuchaneka kwedijithali kunye ne-analog intuition egcina umgangatho uphezulu kunye nelaphu elisezantsi.
Xa Ukuchaneka Kudibana neeNkqubo zeLifa
Imbali yenkampani yethu, ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 ekwenziweni nasekusebenzeni, inika umngeni okhethekileyo kunye nenzuzo. Umceli mngeni kukumanyana kwale mihla high precision machining okulindelweyo ngeenkqubo zesiseko selifa. Ukuphosa utyalo-mali kunokuba kuhle, kodwa indawo yayo yedatha isenokungalungeli ngokugqibeleleyo i-vacuum chuck ye-CNC. Kuye kwafuneka sisebenze umva ngamanye amaxesha, sisebenzisana neqela lethu labasunguli ukuguqula uyilo lokuphosa kancinci-ukongeza into encinci yesixhobo, ukuthambisa umphezulu owanele nje ukubambelela-ukuyenza ikwazi ukunyamezela unyamezelo lwangoku. Yingxoxo yangaphakathi phakathi kobugcisa bokuphosa kunye nenzululwazi yomatshini.
Noko ke, ingenelo lulwazi olunzulu lwezinto eziphathekayo. Xa umxhasi esithumelela umzobo wenxalenye ye-Monel okanye i-Hastelloy, asifundanga nje i-spec sheet. I-Foundry yethu ibithulula ezi alloys zikhethekileyo amashumi eminyaka. Siyazi indlela abaziphatha ngayo ngexesha lokuqiniswa, apho i-porosity inokufihla khona, indlela abasabela ngayo kubushushu. Oku kwazisa isicwangciso sethu soomatshini ngoko nangoko. Siyazi ukuba uHastelloy usebenza nzima njengokuphambana, ke siya kucwangcisa izixhobo ezibukhali, ukuzibandakanya rhoqo, kwaye ungaze usivumele isixhobo sihlikihle. Olo hlobo lokuqonda alukho kwincwadi yesandla yomatshini eqhelekileyo; yinkumbulo yeziko. Isenza ukuba sicaphule kwaye siphumeze imisebenzi entsonkothileyo enokuthi ivenkile yoomatshini esulungekileyo ibaleke kuyo.
Le synergy yeyona nto siyisebenzisayo kwi-QSY. Umthengi unokuza nengcamango, kwaye sinokuyikhokela ngokukhetha izinto eziphathekayo (ukusuka kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuya kwii-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel), kwinkqubo yokuphosa efanelekileyo (i-shell mold for runs ezinkulu, utyalo-mali kwiimilo ezinzima), kwaye ekugqibeleni CNC Machining inkqubo eyilelwe loo nto ithile kunye nejometri. Ukuchaneka akuyonto icingelwayo; iyilwe kwikhonkco lokuvelisa ukusuka ekuqaleni. Leyo yintsingiselo yokwenyani yokuchaneka okuphezulu kwimeko yokwenziwa kwemveliso. Ayilosebe; yintanda-bulumko eqhuba ukusuka kubumba lokuqala ukuya kowokugqibela.
Iindleko zokwenyani zokuchaneka okuphezulu
Ekugqibeleni, inyaniso engacacanga. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kuyabiza, kwaye kufanele kube njalo. Ibiza kakhulu kwimali eyinkunzi (oomatshini, ulawulo lwemozulu, i-metrology), kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo (izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, into yokupholisa ekumgangatho ophezulu), kwaye ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngexesha kunye nobuchule. Ixesha lomjikelo lwenxalenye echanekileyo lihlala lide. Kukho ukuseta okuninzi, ukutshekishwa okuninzi, ukondla okucothayo kunye nezantya zokugcina ingqibelelo yomphezulu kunye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional.
Sifumana imibuzo ngalo lonke ixesha apho umthengi efuna ukunyamezelwa kwebakala le-aerospace kumaxabiso eemveliso. Yinto engafaniyo. Iwebhusayithi yethu, i-tsingtaocnc.com, ibeka izakhono zethu ngokucacileyo, kodwa incoko elandelayo imalunga nemfundo. Sichaza ukuba kutheni ukubamba i-0.0002 indawo eyinyani kwiibhore ezintathu ezidibeneyo kwi-17-4 PH yensimbi engenasici idinga amanyathelo athile kwaye, ngoko ke, iindleko ezithile. Ngamanye amaxesha, side sicebise umxhasi ukuba ayeke ukunyamezelana ukuba akukho nto ibaluleke kakhulu-inokubagcina i-30% kwindleko. Ukuba liqabane ngamanye amaxesha kuthetha ukubaxelela into abangayidingiyo, nto leyo eyakha ukuthembana kunokuthembisa into engenakwenzeka.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kukuzibophelela. Kukuzibophelela ekulawuleni izinto eziguquguqukayo wonke umntu ongazihoyiyo, ukutyala imali kulwazi njengakwihardware, kunye nokuqonda ukuba inani eligqibeleleyo kwiscreen lisisiphumo sekhulu elingafezekanga, izigqibo zabantu ezenziwe kumgangatho wevenkile. Imoshakele, iyaphindaphinda, kwaye yanelisa ngokunzulu xa idibene. Yiloo nto uyihlawula ngokwenene.
