Xa usiva 'i-Incoloy washer', ingcinga ekhawulezileyo kwabaninzi sisithuba nje sobushushu obuphezulu, iwasha entle yeendawo ezishushu. Lo ngumgibe oqhelekileyo. Enyanisweni, ukucacisa okulungileyo Iwasha ye-ikoloyi incinci malunga neqondo lokushisa kwitshathi kunye nokunye malunga ne-cocktail ethile ye-chlorides, i-sulfides, kunye ne-thermal cycling kwindawo yenkonzo yangempela. Ndizibonile iiprojekthi apho ibakala lemathiriyeli lalichanekile ngokobuchwephesha, kodwa ukusilela kwavela kwinkqubo yomatshini eguqula ingqibelelo yomphezulu, idala indlela yokuqhekeka koxinzelelo. Asinto nje iwasha.
IMaze yeMathiriyeli: Ngaphezulu kwe-Incoloy 800H
Wonke umntu uyasilela kwi-800H okanye i-825 yeewasha. Ngamahashe okusebenza. Kodwa kwi-high-chloride, inkqubo ye-scrubber ephantsi ye-pH esisebenze kuyo, i-800H ibonise iimpawu ze-pitting emva kweenyanga ezili-14. Umthengi wayevutha ngumsindo-bahlawula i-premium alloy. Ingxaki? Ijometri yewasha. Yayiyiwasha emcaba eqhelekileyo, eyadala intanda. Kuloo microenvironment emileyo, i-chemistry yatshintsha, kwaye ukuxhathisa ngokubanzi kwe-alloy kwakunganelanga. Safunda oko kunye Iwasha ye-ikoloyi izicelo, kufuneka ukhankanye okusingqongileyo kwiinkcukacha ezincinci: ingaba intywiliselwe ngokupheleleyo, ingaba ikhona i-cyclic emanzi/yomileyo, ingaba ikhona idiphozithi yokwakhiwa?
Kulapho i-alloy nuance ibalulekile. Ukufumana oko kugutyula kwakhona, safudukela kwi-Incoloy 625 washers. Isiqulatho esiphakamileyo se-molybdenum sasibalulekile kuxhathiso oluthile lwemingxuma. Kodwa ayilophuculo lwehlabathi. I-625 iqinile kumatshini, ibiza kakhulu, kwaye kumbhobho werhasi eqhelekileyo, igqithise kakhulu. Ugqiba ukumosha imali. Umnxeba wokugweba usekwazini umahluko phakathi kwenkonzo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomgibe wokuthotywa kwendawo.
Ndikhumbula ndikhangela ezi washer zingama-625 ukuze ndifumane umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo. Umboneleli oqhelekileyo wayesemva. Sifumene umthengisi omtsha othembisa inguqu ekhawulezileyo. Iiwasha zafika, imilinganiselo yayilungile, kodwa umphezulu ongaphezulu wawungalunganga-ugudile kakhulu, uphantse wakhazimliswa. Iphakamise iflegi ebomvu. Umphezulu okhazimlisiweyo a Iwasha ye-ikoloyi ngamanye amaxesha inokunciphisa i-coefficient ye-friction kwi-joint eboshiweyo, enokuthi ichaphazele umthwalo we-clamp phantsi kokwandiswa kwe-thermal. Kwafuneka sizibeke kwi-vibratory finisher ukuze sifumane i-matte echanekileyo, iyunifomu yokugqiba. Yasibambezela iintsuku ezimbini. Sifunda ntoni? I-spec sheet ayidwelisi yonke into. Ubume bomphezulu bubalulekile kumsebenzi, hayi nje ubuhle.
IiNyulo zoMveliso: Ukusuka kwi-Casa ukuya kwi-CNC
Kulapho irabha idibana khona nendlela. Awunakusuka nje uzigximfize njengewasha yentsimbi eqhelekileyo. Uninzi lwentsebenzo ephezulu Iwasha ye-ikoloyi amacandelo aqala njengokusalwa kotyalo-mali okanye enziwe ngoomatshini kwibha eyenziweyo. Kwiiwasha ezinobukhulu obukhulu okanye obungengawo umngangatho, ukuphosa kuhlala kunoqoqosho. Ndisebenze neQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) kwiiprojekthi ezininzi ezifuna amacandelo engxubevange yesiko. Amashumi amathathu eminyaka abo ekubumbeni iqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, ngokukodwa nge-alloys esekwe kwi-nickel, ibonisa kulawulo lwabo lwenkqubo. Bayaqonda ukuba kwi-Incoloy, unyango lobushushu emva kokuphosa lubaluleke kakhulu njengekhemistry enyibilikayo. Umjikelo wesisombululo esilawulwa kakubi unokukushiya nemida evunyiweyo yeenkozo, uhola wendlela ogqibeleleyo womhlwa.
CNC machining yenye indlela, ngakumbi prototypes okanye iibhetshi ezincinci apho ufuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-dimensional olusuka kwimathiriyeli eyenziweyo. Umngeni apha kukuqina komsebenzi. Iialloys ze-Icoloy zidume kakubi ngayo. Uthatha ipasi ngereyithi yokutya engalunganga okanye isixhobo esibuthuntu, kwaye uye waqinisa umphezulu, wenza ukusika okulandelayo kube nzima kwaye kunokubangela iintanda ezincinci. Ndiyonakalise izithuba ezimbalwa ukufunda oku. Oomatshini kwiivenkile ezifana ne-QSY, abadwelisa oomatshini be-CNC bee-alloys ezikhethekileyo njengobuchule obuphambili, bafumane oku. Basebenzisa izixhobo ezithile zejometri, i-high-pressure coolant, kunye neeparamitha ezilawulwayo. Ayikokuqhuba nje inkqubo; kukulawula ukuziphatha kwezinto.
Kukho ukusilela okuhlala kum. Sasifuna iwasha eshinyeneyo yokuvalwa kwentloko yereactor. Ushicilelo lubize i-Incoloy 718, eyenziwe ngoomatshini ukusuka kwisitokhwe sebha. Ivenkile yazisa iinxalenye ezidibana nazo zonke iitshekhi ezinobukhulu. Kodwa ngexesha lofakelo, iiwasha ezininzi zaqhekeka xa zitshiswe. Oyena nobangela? Isitokhwe sebha sasinolwakhiwo olungelulo olufanayo oluvela kwilitye lokusila, kwaye inkqubo yomatshini ayizange iphendule. Uxinzelelo lwe-machining, ludibene ne-torque esetyenzisiweyo, lufumene indlela ebuthathaka. Kwafuneka sitshintshele kwindandatho ekhutshiweyo engenanto, enesakhiwo esine-homogeneous ngakumbi, kunye nomatshini kwakhona. Iindleko kunye nokulibaziseka bekubalulekile. Indifundise ukuba umthombo wemo yendalo ekrwada-ibha, ukubunjwa, ukuphosa-yinxalenye ebalulekileyo Iwasha ye-ikoloyi iinkcukacha ezisoloko zingahoywa kwi-odolo yokuthenga.
Umsantsa wokuchazwa: yeyiphi imizobo engabonisiyo
Imizobo yobunjineli iyoyikeka ekugqithiseni umxholo. Baza kuchaza i-Incoloy 600, i-ASTM B166 kunye noluhlu lobunzima. Kodwa abafane bacacise uvavanyo lokutya olufunekayo lwenxalenye egqityiweyo, njenge-ASTM G28 Indlela A yohlaselo lwe-intergranular. Kuba Iwasha ye-ikoloyi ehleli kwi weld entanyeni flange yomgca sulfuric acid, ukuba uvavanyo kuphela isiqinisekiso ayizujika samasi Swiss ngonyaka. Ndenza inqaku ngoku ukongeza inqaku: Iicerti zezinto ezibonakalayo kufuneka zibandakanye iziphumo ze-ASTM G28 zobushushu obusetyenzisiweyo. Ihluza ababoneleli abagcina nje imathiriyeli eyenziwa ngabenzi.
Enye i-spec elahlekileyo kukucaba kunye nokuhambelana komphezulu wonke. Kwi-gasket ethambileyo, ayibalulekanga kangako. Kodwa kwiwasha yentsimbi eyinxalenye yenkqubo yokutywina, isitya esincinci okanye isithsaba sinokugxininisa uxinzelelo. Ndisebenzise iiflethi zamehlo kunye nedayi eluhlaza ukujonga oku. Uya kumangaliswa ukuba zingaphi iiwasha ezisuka kwiivenkile zoomatshini ngokubanzi zityekeza kwipleyiti engaphezulu. Oku asikokukhetha; iwashi eyi-0.05mm ngaphezulu kwe-150mm yedayamitha yewasha inokunciphisa indawo yokutywina esebenzayo ngama-30% phantsi komthwalo webholiti.
Emva koko kukho umba wokumakisha. Ufuna ukulandeleka. Kodwa ukunyathela inombolo yobushushu ngokuthe ngqo kwiwasha ebhityileyo kunokubangela umsebenzi obandayo wasekhaya kunye nokunyuka koxinzelelo. Ukumakishwa kweLaser kungcono, kodwa kufuneka kube nzulu. Ndikhetha indawo encinci, echwethelweyo okanye ithegi efakwe kwibhetshi. Ndakhe ndafumana ibhetshi apho umthengisi wayesigximfize ngokunzulu isazisi, esophula umthetho wobukhulu besixhobo sokunyathela. Kwafuneka sikhabe iqashiso. Kubonakala kuyinto engenamsebenzi, kodwa kuhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli, olo phawu lwesitampu kulapho uqhekeko luhlala luqala khona. Iinkcukacha ziyinto yonke.
Supplier Landscape and Pragmatic Choices
Ukufumana umthombo othembekileyo akukho malunga nomthengisi wewasha yeGoogling Incoloy. Imalunga nokufumana iqabane eliqondayo isinyithi kunye nesicelo. Uninzi lwabasasazi be-fasteners ngokubanzi baya kuludwelisa, kodwa bayathengisa kwakhona. Udinga umenzi okanye umsasazi onzulu wobugcisa. Inkampani efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), kunye nembali yayo ende yokuphosa kunye nokwenza ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ibekwe ngokwahlukileyo. Abapheleli nje ekusikeni izikhewu; babandakanyeka kwisigaba sokukhetha izinto eziphathekayo. Ndibathumelele inkcazo yendawo yenkonzo, kwaye iinjineli zabo zibuyile nengcebiso malunga nebakala kunye nendlela yokuvelisa-ngamanye amaxesha bephosa ngaphezulu komatshini wokumelana nokukhula okungcono kwimilo yokugqibela.
Ixabiso lihlala liyinto, kodwa nge-Incoloy, inketho ephantsi ngumgibe. Ixabiso lempahla ekrwada liphezulu, ke ukuba isicatshulwa sisezantsi kakhulu, basika iikona-mhlawumbi kwikhemistri, unyango lobushushu, okanye uhlolo. Ndifunde ukucela iziqinisekiso zokusila ngaphambili, hayi nje isatifiketi sokuthobela. Ndifuna ukubona olona hlalutyo lwekhemikhali kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lomatshini wobushushu bemathiriyeli eziya kwenziwa ngazo iiwasha zam. Iivenkile ezithembekileyo ezifana ne-QSY zibonelela oku njengomgangatho. Kwakha ukuthembana.
Ngobungakanani obuqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunengqiqo ukuthenga kwi-stockist eyingcali. Kodwa kuyo nayiphi na into yesiko-i-OD / i-ID engaqhelekanga, ubukhulu obukhethekileyo, iphrofayili ye-chamfer efunekayo, okanye imfuno yonyango oluthile lobushushu njengokungena phantsi kwe-hydrogen emoyeni-uya ngqo kumenzi. Ixesha lokukhokela lide, kodwa ulawulo lugqityiwe. Undoqo kukucwangcisa. Musa ukulinda de kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela uku-odola isiko Iwasha ye-ikoloyi; imathiriyeli yodwa ingaba nexesha leeveki ezisi-8 lokusila.
Iingcamango zokuqukumbela: Iwasha njengeCandelo leNkqubo
Ke, emva kwayo yonke le nto, yintoni i-takeaway? An Iwasha ye-ikoloyi ayisiyonto yorhwebo ngaphandle kweshelufu. Licandelo elenziwe ngobunjineli benkqubo enkulu. Ukusebenza kwayo ngumsebenzi webakala le-alloy, inkqubo yokuvelisa, umgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza, kunye nokuchaneka kwamanyathelo okugqiba. Ukuyiphatha njenge-spacer elula kulapho ukusilela kuqala khona.
Ishishini liya lisibangcono, kodwa kancinci. Iinjineli ezininzi ngoku azikhankanyi nje ibakala lemathiriyeli kodwa kunye nomgangatho wokuvelisa (umzekelo, i-ASME SB564 ye-forgings), iimfuno zoviwo ezingonakalisi (njengovavanyo lokungena kwamanzi), kunye nonyango lwasemva kokwenziwa. Eli nqanaba leenkcukacha lihlula icandelo elisebenzayo kwi-liability.
Ekugqibeleni, impumelelo ivela kwintsebenziswano phakathi kwenjineli yoyilo, i-metallurgist, kunye nomenzi onobuchule. Imalunga nokwabelana ngebali elipheleleyo lemeko-bume yokusebenza kunye nokuba nobuchule malunga neenkcukacha ezishiyiweyo uninzi lwemizobo. Xa oko kusenzeka, loo washer uthobekileyo wenza umsebenzi wawo amashumi eminyaka, ungabonakali kwaye ungaphawulwanga-olona ncomo luphezulu onokulufumana.
