Xa usiva 'iimveliso zomgubo wesinyithi', umfanekiso okhawulezileyo kwabaninzi usezoo bushings zilula, ezinabileyo zobhedu okanye iindawo ezisisiseko zesakhiwo. Leyo yimbono yakudala, ngokunyanisekileyo. Intsimi ihambele kude ngaphaya koko, kodwa i-lag yokubona iyinyani. Kumsebenzi wethu kunye ne-castings enzima kunye nomatshini, sihlala sibona uyilo apho inxalenye ye-PM iya kuba yinto ephezulu, kodwa injineli iphosakele kwi-casting okanye isisombululo esisuka kwi-bar ngaphandle komkhwa, ngamanye amaxesha sijonge inzuzo ye-net-shape kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezinto ze-PM. Ayikokucofa kunye nomgubo wentsimbi kwakhona; imalunga nezixhobo ezinoxinano oluphezulu, iialloyi eziphucukileyo, kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezixubeneyo eziphazamisa imigca.
Incoko Yezinto Ezibalulekileyo: Ngaphaya Kwentsimbi Nobhedu
Ukusebenza ngee-alloys ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-cobalt-based kunye ne-nickel-based based for investment casting ikunika ukuxabisa okubukhali kweendleko zempahla kunye nokusebenza. Kulapho i-powder metallurgy iqala khona ukuba nomdla kakhulu. Ukuvelisa iinxalenye ezivela kwiintsimbi zesixhobo, iintsimbi ezingenasici, okanye ii-superalloys nge-PM zinokutyeshela imiba emininzi yocalucalulo oyifumanayo ekunyibilikeni kwemveli kunye nokuphosa. Ufumana i-microstructure ene-homogeneous ngaphezulu ngaphandle kwesango. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yecandelo levalvu kwindawo engcolisayo apho umxhasi wayezimisele malunga nokusebenzisa ibakala elithile lensimbi engenasici. Iprototype yokuqala yayiyi-investment cast, eyayilungile, kodwa ingxoxo yajika ibe ngumthamo ophezulu. Sijonge i-PM njengenye indlela, ngokukodwa i-316L yensimbi engenasici umgubo wesinyithi inkqubo. Umba okufutshane-umnatha othetha ukuba sisindise malunga ne-30% kwizinto eziphathekayo xa kuthelekiswa nomatshini osuka eqinile, kunye neempawu zomatshini, ngokukodwa ukuxhathisa ukubola, zihambelana ngokuphawulekayo inxalenye ukuya kwinxalenye. Yayingengomdlalo nje weendleko; ibingumdlalo othembekileyo.
Oko kuthethiweyo, ayilotshintsho lwendalo yonke. Ukukhethwa kwe-alloy kwi-PM kuchazwe ngamabakala akhoyo epowder kunye nomoya we-sintering. Awunakuthatha nje nayiphi na inkcazo yealloyi kwaye uyiguqulele ngokuthe ngqo. Kukho ijika lokufunda. Siye saba nomzamo ongaphumeleliyo wokuzama ukuthelekisa iipropathi ze-nickel alloy ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu esetyenziswe kwenye yemold yeqokobhe lethu. Inguqulelo ye-PM ifakwe kakuhle ngokwaneleyo, kodwa ukuxhathisa kweqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kwaba kufutshane nohlobo lokuphoswa. Isifundo yayingekuko ukuba i-PM yayingaphantsi, kodwa yayiyinkqubo yezinto ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Uyila inkqubo ye-PM, hayi ngokuchasene ne-cast spec sheet.
Oku kuhambelana nobuchule kwiindawo ezifana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Kumashumi eminyaka ekujuleni nakwi-CNC machining, bayayiqonda indlela yokuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo phantsi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Olo lwazi lusisiseko lubalulekile xa uvavanya ukuba ingaba ilungu lingumgqatswa kwiindlela zemveli ezifana nobungcaphephe babo kubumba lweqokobhe kunye nokuphoswa kotyalo-mali, okanye ukuba kufanele ukuba ilathiselwe kwi iimveliso zomgubo wesinyithi umthengisi. Imalunga nokuba nomda wokubona yonke imephu yokuvelisa.
Apho I-PM Ikhanya kwaye Apho Ikhubeka khona
Indawo eswiti yokwenyani ye-PM ikwiijometri ezintsonkothileyo eziyiphupha elibi kumatshini kodwa inokwakheka ngokufa. Cinga iigiya ezinee-hubs ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga, iinxalenye ezine-undercuts zangaphakathi, okanye izinto ezidibanisa izinto ezininzi zibe nye. Idimensional control post-sintering, ngakumbi ngobuchule bale mihla obufana ne-fall lubrication lubrication and high-precision presses, iyamangalisa. Uhlala ukwindawo yokunyamezelana yecandelo elinomatshini orhabaxa, apho uninzi lwezicelo lwanele ngokugqibeleleyo.
Kodwa nantsi i-hiccup esebenzayo esiye sadibana nayo: i-porosity. Likrele elintlangothi-mbini. I-porosity elawulwayo ilungile kwiibheringi zokuzithambisa okanye izihluzi. Kodwa kwiindawo ezifuna amandla aphezulu, ukuxinana koxinzelelo, okanye ukugqiba kakuhle komphezulu wokucoca okulandelayo, loo porosity edityanisiweyo yingxaki. Kuya kufuneka uye kwiinkqubo ezifana nokubumba inaliti yentsimbi (MIM) okanye ukucofa kabini/i-sinter kabini ukuqhubela ukuxinana, nto leyo eyongeza ixabiso. Sakhe safumana i-PM sprocket yesixhobo somthwalo ophantsi. Isebenze ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye yayibiza imali. Kwigiya yempompo ye-hydraulic efuna amandla aguqukayo kunye nemfezeko yokutywinwa, kuye kwafuneka sibuyele kwindlela eyenziwe ngoomatshini. Inguqulo ye-PM, nakwi-7.2 g / cm3, yayinomngcipheko we-micro-leakage phantsi koxinzelelo. Ukwazi le mida kubalulekile.
Enye inqaku elifihlakeleyo yimisebenzi yesibini. Ingxelo ihlala i-PM iphelisa umatshini. Ngamaxesha athile. Amaxesha amaninzi, iyayinciphisa. Uninzi lwentsebenzo ephezulu umgubo wesinyithi amacandelo asafuna ukudlula kwe-CNC kwimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yokuzala, umsebenzi wokuthunga, okanye inyathelo lokugaya umphezulu wokutywina. Apha kulapho umboneleli onobuchule obudibeneyo bomatshini, njengemvelaphi yomatshini we-QSY eyomeleleyo ye-CNC, iba liqabane elinengqiqo. Banokucinga malunga nekhonkco lenkqubo yonke-indlela inxalenye ye-sintered eya kubanjwa ngayo, apho iindawo ze-datum zikhoyo, indlela i-porosity eseleyo inokuchaphazela ngayo ukunxitywa kwesixhobo-kunokuba uhambise inxalenye eluhlaza.
Ixabiso leequation ayiloxabiso leYunithi nje
Wonke umntu utsibela kwixabiso elincinci. Isixhobo se-PM-ezo zinsimbi ezilukhuni ziyafa-ziyabiza kwaye zinexesha elide lokukhokela. Kwiprototype okanye i-low-volume runs, ihlala ingaqalisi xa kuthelekiswa nokwenza ibhillet okanye ukuvelisa isanti ezimbalwa. Umda wevolumu apho i-PM iba yeyoqoqosho ihlala isihla ngeendlela ezikhawulezayo zokusebenzisa izixhobo, kodwa isekhona. Ubheja ngevolumu.
Olona londolozo lwenkqubo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo yeyona nto inkulu. Usebenzisa mhlawumbi i-95%+ yomgubo okrwada, kunye ne-scrap encinci. Thelekisa oko ukwenza inxalenye entsonkothileyo ukusuka kwisitokhwe sebha, apho unokujika i-60% yezinto ezibizayo zibe ziitshiphusi. Ngexesha leendleko zezinto eziphathekayo, zinkulu. Kukwakho nokuncipha kwamandla okunyibilika kunye nokupheliswa kwamanyathelo amaninzi omatshini arhabaxa. Kwinkampani elawula umgca wemveliso opheleleyo, ezi zizinto ezibonakalayo, ezisezantsi ezihamba ngaphaya kokuthelekisa ukulinganisa okulula.
Ndicinga ngecandelo lomthengi woomatshini bezolimo. Yayiyiflange elula eneziko elikruqukileyo kunye nemingxuma yeebholiti. Ukutshiza kwidiski yentsimbi kwakungqale. Kodwa ngamaqhekeza angama-50,000 ngonyaka, iindleko zentsimbi ezilahliweyo zaba yinto yomgca. Ukutshintshela kwinxalenye ye-PM, kunye nemingxuma yebholiti kuphela kunye nokugqiba ukubhoboza okudinga ukukhawuleza kwe-CNC touch-up, ukusika ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza ngesiqingatha kwaye ukhulule amaziko amathathu okwenza omnye umsebenzi. Ixabiso leyunithi beliphezulu kancinci, kodwa ixabiso lilonke lokufika lisezantsi. Olo luhlobo lohlalutyo oluvela ekuhlaleni kumgangatho wemveliso, hayi nje incwadana yokuthengisa.
Ukudityaniswa kunye neKamva: Ayisiso Isisombululo seSiled
Ikamva le iimveliso zomgubo wesinyithi akakho ekumeni yedwa njenge niche. Kukudityaniswa kwisicwangciso esibanzi sokuvelisa. Sibona iindawo ezininzi ezixubeneyo—i-PM preform eye yenziwa emva koko (ukwenziwa komgubo) ukuze kuzuzwe ingxinano epheleleyo, okanye inxalenye ye-PM enecandelo elithile lealloyi elenziwe ngokudibanisa i-co-sintering. Imigca imfiliba.
Kumvelisi onje QSY, ongundoqo wokuphosa kunye nokuchaneka kwe-machining, imbono yeqhinga ibandakanya ukwazi ixesha lokucebisa umzila we-PM kumthengi. Isenokuba yeyeseti yamalungu kwindibano abayenzayo, okanye indibaniselwano yemathiriyeli exabisa kakhulu ukuyiphosa. Ukusebenza kwabo kwexesha elide kwishishini kubonisa ukuba bayaqonda ukuba ukubonelela ngezisombululo ngamanye amaxesha kuthetha ukukhokela umxhasi kwi-teknoloji eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Kwakha ukuthembana okunzulu.
Ehlabathini, imiceli mngeni ihlala isebenza. Ukuphatha umgubo kufuna izibonelelo ezizinikeleyo nezicocekileyo. Uyilo lokufa sisakhono esikhethekileyo. Imimoya ye-sintering yeziko kufuneka ilawulwe ngononophelo. Yinkqubo enemali eninzi enegophe lolwazi. Yiyo loo nto, ngaphandle kweengenelo zayo, ayizukuthatha indawo yokuphosa okanye umatshini. Iya kubancedisa. Awona maqabane anobuchule bokwenza abona banokuthi bajonge umzobo kwaye balinganise ngokungakhethi cala zonke iinketho-ukubunjwa kweqokobhe kwijometri ethile kunye nealloys, ukuphosa utyalo-mali kwabanye, umatshini we-CNC wokwenza iiprototypes kunye neempawu zokunyamezelana okuqinileyo, kwaye ewe, isinyithi somgubo wezo zixhobo eziphezulu, ezinobumba obuntsonkothileyo apho ulondolozo lwempahla luyinkosi. Leyo yinkqubo yendalo yehlabathi yokwenyani apho ezi iimveliso zomgubo wesinyithi fumana ixabiso labo lokwenyani.
