Xa usiva 'inkampani yomgubo wesinyithi', abantu abaninzi ngokukhawuleza bafane babe nomfanekiso-ngqondweni womzi-mveliso ukhupha amatyholo obhedu arhabaxa okanye iigiya zentsimbi ezisikiweyo. Lo ngumfanekiso weklasikhi, kwaye ayilunganga, kodwa ifana nokuchaza indawo yokutyela yanamhlanje njengendawo enikezela ukutya. Inyani emhlabeni imdaka kwaye inomdla ngakumbi. Owona mceli mngeni ayikokucofa nje kunye nomgubo wokutshiza; imalunga nokudibanisa obo buchule bungundoqo kwikhonkco lesisombululo esipheleleyo, ngakumbi xa ujongene nezixhobo zokusebenza eziphezulu. Ndibone iivenkile ezininzi zixingekile kwindlela esenza ngayo ii-PM ii-mindset, zikhuphisana kuphela ngexabiso ngekhilogram nganye, ngelixa ixabiso lokwenyani lifuduka linyuka lisiya kuyila kwaye lisezantsi ukuya ekugqibeleni. Yindawo enzima ukuba kuyo leyo.
I-Material yindawo nje yokuQala
Masithethe ngezixhobo kuqala, kuba kulapho incoko idla ngokuqala khona. Sisebenza kakhulu ngentsimbi, intsimbi, kunye nomgubo wentsimbi, kodwa umdlalo utshintsha ngealloyi ezikhethekileyo. Cinga nge-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based superalloys kwizicelo eziphezulu zokushisa. Nantsi eyona ntloko ibonakalayo: iimpawu zokuqukuqela kwezi mgubo zengxubevange zodidi zahluke ngokupheleleyo kumxube wakho wentsimbi. Ziyakwazi ukubambisana ngakumbi, ngaphantsi kokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, okulahla iinkqubo zokuzalisa ezizenzekelayo ezilinganisiweyo kwizinto eziqhelekileyo. Awukwazi ukulahla nje umgubo omtsha kwi-hopper kwaye ulindele ukuxinana okufanayo kokuzalisa. Ifuna ukuthunga isihlangu sokutya, ngamanye amaxesha nkqu ne-vibration frequency ngexesha lokuzaliswa. Yinkcukacha encinci, kodwa ukuyifumana ingalunganga kuthetha ukuxinana kwenxalenye engahambelaniyo ngaphambi kokuba ubethe isithando somlilo. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi enye apho sachitha iintsuku ezimbini kwiqonga lokuzalisa i-nickel alloy component entsha, ukuqhuba ii-compact compacts kunye nokulinganisa ingxinano yegradient. Kwavakala njengokulibaziseka, kodwa ukutsiba elo nyathelo kuya kuqinisekisa ukungaphumeleli kwebhetshi kamva.
Apha kulapho ukuba nemvelaphi ebanzi yokusetyenzwa kwemathiriyeli kuyinzuzo enkulu. Umsebenzi wethu wabazali, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ibikwisakhelo kunye noomatshini amashumi eminyaka. Loo mbali inzulu kunye nesinyithi esityhidiweyo njengentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye ne-alloys ekhethekileyo isinika imbono eyahlukileyo kwicala lomgubo. Asithengi nje umgubo kumthengisi kwaye siwucinezele ngokungaboni. Siyaluqonda ulwelo olusuka kulwelo ukuya phezulu, nto leyo eyazisa indlela esiphatha ngayo i-solid-state sintering. Umzekelo, ukuqonda utyekelo lolwahlulo lwezinto ezithile ekunyibilikeni kusinceda ukuba silindele ukuba bangaziphatha njani ngexesha lokusasazeka kwemeko-bume eqinile. Sisiseko solwazi esiqhagamshelweyo.
Kwaye ukugqiba. Thixo, ukugqiba kulapho abaninzi umgubo wesinyithi iiprojekthi zihlala okanye ziyafa. Unokwenza indawo ekufutshane ne-net-shape kakuhle, kodwa ukuba ifuna ibhore echanekileyo okanye into entsonkothileyo enemisonto, uya kumatshini we-CNC. Machining inxalenye sintered akufani machining bar eyenziweyo. I-porosity inokuba yinto ephazamisayo kwizixhobo, kwaye inokuchaphazela indlela yokucheba izinto eziphathekayo. Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni, sitshisa amatye okungqusha kwinto ebonakala ngathi yintsimbi elula. Ngoku, iiprothokholi zethu zoomatshini zamacandelo e-PM zahlukile. Sisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zejiyometri, ngamanye amaxesha izipholisi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye sihlala iseti eyahlukileyo yesantya kunye nokubalwa kwesondlo. Yinkqubo edibeneyo. Inyani yokuba i-QSY inecandelo layo elizinikeleyo lomatshini le-CNC (tsngtaocnc.com iinkcukacha ngesakhono sabo) asiyonto nje yamabona-ndenzile; yimfuneko. Inxalenye ayigqitywanga xa ishiya iziko elitshisayo. Igqityiwe xa ilungele umgca wokuhlanganisa umthengi.
I-Shell Mold Crossover: I-Niche Worth Exploring
Oku kunokubonakala ngathi kukwahluka, kodwa ndinyamezele. Enye indawo engafumani ngqalelo yaneleyo kukudibana kweendlela umgubo wesinyithi kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, ngokukodwa ukubunjwa kweqokobhe lokungunda. Zihlala zibonwa njengeenkqubo ezikhuphisanayo, kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi, zinjalo. Kodwa kukho i-synergy kwiprototyping kunye nevolumu ephantsi, umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Sisebenzise i-PM ukwenza iprototype yezixhobo zokubumba iqokobhe. Ngamanye amaxesha, umthengi ufuna ibhetshi yovavanyo esebenzayo yezindlu zegiya ezintsonkothileyo ezingama-50, ngokwesiko ngumsebenzi wokuphosa. Ukwenza intsimbi yokubumba iqokobhe kubiza kakhulu kulo mthamo. Sibe nempumelelo ngokusebenzisa isitofu sesinyithi sokubumba (i-MIM, umzala we-PM) okanye iintsimbi ezine-sintered eziqinileyo ukuvelisa iibhokisi ezingundoqo okanye ukufakwa kokungunda kwinkqubo yeqokobhe. Ukugqitywa komphezulu akulunganga njengokufakwa kwesixhobo sentsimbi, kodwa kwi-50-100 ye-casts, ibamba kwaye inqumle ixesha lokuhamba ukusuka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiiveki.
Liqhinga elithile, ayisosisombululo ngokubanzi. Ukuhamba ngebhayisekile eshushu ekugaleleni isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwiqokobhe elakhelwe phezu kokufakwa kwesinyithi esine-sintered ekugqibeleni kuya kubangela ukudinwa kunye nokuqhekeka. Kodwa kwimveliso yebhulorho okanye iprototyping, ixabiseke kakhulu. Luhlobo lokucinga olusecaleni-ukusebenzisa inkqubo enye ukwenza enye-okwahlula ivenkile yomsebenzi kumnikezeli wezisombululo. Ungafumana imizekelo yophando kule ndlela yokudluliselwa kwepoleni kwipotfoliyo ebanzi QSYindawo. Ithetha nefilosofi yokusebenza emalunga nokusombulula iphazili yokuvelisa, hayi ukuthengisa inkqubo enye.
Icala le-flip lilawula ukulindela kwabathengi. Xa ucebisa indlela enjalo ye-hybrid, kufuneka ucace ngokukrakra malunga nemida. Ewe, sinokukufumana iinxalenye ezinokuvavanywa kwiiveki ezintathu usebenzisa le ndlela, kodwa izixhobo ziya kuthotywa emva komjikelo omalunga nama-80, kwaye uburhabaxa bomphezulu kwindawo yokugqibela iya kuba yiRa ye-6.3, hayi 3.2. Ngaba oko kwamkelekile kwisigaba sakho sokuqinisekisa? Loo ncoko inyanisekileyo, yangaphambili, esekwe kulwazi olusebenzayo olusuka kumalinge adlulileyo (kubandakanywa nezingaphumeleliyo apho besithembise khona kakhulu ngobomi besixhobo), yakha ukuthembana kunayo nayiphi na incwadana enemifanekiso eqaqambileyo.
Xa Ukulunga Kwanele Akukho: Umgibe wokunyamezela
Ukunyamezelana kwi umgubo wesinyithi luthethathethwano oluqhubekayo nefiziksi. Inkqubo ye-sintering ibandakanya ukucutheka, kwaye oko kuncipha akusoloko kuyi-isotropic ngokugqibeleleyo. Kuxhomekeke kwinxalenye yejometri, ukuxinana kwemithamo ephuma kushicilelo, kunye nemimandla yobushushu beziko. Singayenza imodeli, kodwa kusoloko kukho umahluko. Kwiindawo ezininzi zesakhiwo, ukunyamezela kwe-PM okusemgangathweni kulungile. Kodwa siya ngokuya sicelwa ukuba sivelise iinxalenye ezikhuphisana nezixhobo zoomatshini kuzinzo lwe-dimensional.
Oku kukutyhalela kwimisebenzi yesibini efana nokulinganisa (ucofa kwakhona indawo efakwe kwi-sintered kwidayi) okanye umatshini we-CNC. Yonke i-op yesibini yongeza iindleko. Ke umsebenzi wokwenyani wobunjineli ukwinqanaba loyilo-lokwenza (DFM). Ngaba singayilungisa le undercut ukuyiphelisa? Ngaba sinokuhlengahlengisa obu bunzima bodonga ukuze sikhuthaze ukuhambelana okufanayo kunye nokucutheka okufanayo? Ngamanye amaxesha, impendulo nguhayi, kwaye kuya kufuneka wenze uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-machining. Isitshixo kukuba nencoko kunye nomyili ngaphambi kokuba umgubo u-odolwe. Ndikhe ndahlala ezintlanganisweni apho siye sazoba ngokutsha ngokwenyani icandelo elinqamlezileyo kwibhodi emhlophe ukubonisa ukuba utshintsho lweradiyasi eyi-1mm inokonga njani i-30% ngokwenxalenye yeendleko ngokwenza ukuba kube lula ukucofa kunye nokuqukuqela kwe-sinter. Nantso i-value-add.
Ikwabophelela kukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo. Umgubo wentsimbi ephantsi-alloy unokusifaka kwibhendi ethile yokunyamezela. Umgubo wentsimbi engatyiwayo, onesimilo sokushwabana okwahlukileyo, unokufuna imbuyekezo yezixhobo eyahluke ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka ukwazi oku kwidatha yembali. Sigcina ithala leencwadi lezinto ezinciphayo zezinto zethu eziqhelekileyo kunye neentsapho zejometri. Ayingomgangatho opapashiweyo; luxwebhu oluphilayo lwangaphakathi, oluhlaziywa ngayo yonke imveliso eqhutywayo. Olu luhlobo lolwazi oluthe cwaka, olusebenzayo oluyinyani inkampani ye powder metallurgy iqokelela.
Ikhonkco lonikezelo yiNto eEthe-ethe
Akukho mntu uthetha ngekhonkco lokubonelela lide liqhawuke. Kuba umgubo wesinyithi ukusebenza, akukhona nje malunga nokufumana umgubo wesinyithi. Kumalunga nokufumana iqashiso elifanelekileyo, kunye nokuhanjiswa kobungakanani besuntswana kunye nekhemistri. Ibhetshi yomgubo enomlinganiselo owahlukileyo kancinane wesayizi yesuntswana inokutshintsha ingxinano yokuzalisa kwifa, iguqule imilinganiselo ecinezelweyo yokugqibela. Kuye kwafuneka ukuba sivale yonke into ethunyelwayo kuba iicerti azikhange zihambelane neziseko zethu zembali kwinxalenye ethatha ixesha elide. Liphupha elibi.
Emva koko kukho izixhobo. Ukufa kunye namanqindi. Zenziwe ngeentsimbi ezikhethekileyo, ezingagugiyo. Indawo entsonkothileyo inokuba nenqanaba le-multi-level die kunye neepuntshi ezininzi ezihambayo. Ukuba i-punch enye iyaqhekeka okanye inxibe ngaphambi kwexesha, umgca wemveliso wonke uyayeka. Amaxesha okukhokela amacandelo ensimbi entsha anokuba ziiveki ezili-12+. Ke ufunda ukugcina uluhlu olubalulekileyo lweengcebiso ze-punch ezisecaleni, iintonga zesikhokelo, kunye neeseti ezipheleleyo zokufa zamalungu aphezulu. Yinkunzi efileyo ehleli eshelufini, kodwa yi-inshurensi. Le nyani isebenzayo ayikhe ibonakale kwiblurb yentengiso malunga nezakhono ze-PM eziphucukileyo, kodwa yeyona nto igcina izibane zikhanya. Inkampani ene-30 yeminyaka yomqolo, njengeqela elisemva QSY, uye waphila kwiingxaki ezininzi zokubonelela kwaye unoluhlu lwempahla kunye nobudlelwane bomthengisi ukukhusela ezo zothuso. Yi-asethi engabambekiyo kodwa ebalulekileyo.
Kwaye akukhona nje ukubonelela ngokwasemzimbeni. Kukubonelela ngolwazi. Xa igqala loshicilelo lithatha umhlala-phantsi, lihamba nethuku laxa isandi sokushicilela sicinyiwe okanye kuthetha ukuthini ukuguquka kombala kwindawo ekhutshiweyo. Ukuyibamba loo nto phantse akunakwenzeka. Sizama ngoluhlu lwenkqubo kunye nedatha yenzwa, kodwa ezinye iifowuni zesigwebo zizalwa kumashumi eminyaka yokujonga iindawo. Olo maleko womntu kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngowona ubuthathaka kuzo zonke.
Ukujonga Phambili: Ayiyonxalenye nje, nguMsebenzi
Ngoko ke oku kushiya phi a inkampani ye powder metallurgy namhlanje? Abo baya kuphumelela bayasuka ekubeni ngababoneleli becandelo nje. Inxalenye yindlela yokufikelela kwisiphelo. Umthengi akafuni sintered sprocket; bafuna ujongano oluthembekileyo, olunexabiso elisebenzayo lokujikeleza. Ngaba sinokubonelela nge-sprocket, ishaft yokukhwelana eyenziwe ngomatshini we-CNC, kunye nendibano? Ngaba sinokucebisa ngeshedyuli yokuthambisa esekwe kwi-porosity yezinto zethu? Nantso ke inguqu.
Ifuna ukudityaniswa kwenkqubo enzulu, kanye uhlobo olubonakaliswa kulwakhiwo lwenkampani enezindlu umgubo wesinyithi, ukuphosa utyalo-mali, ukubumba iqokobhe, kunye nomatshini we-CNC phantsi kweambrela enye yokusebenza. Injongo kukuba ngumnikazi ngakumbi wexabiso lomsinga. Ivumela ukunyaniseka okukhohlakeleyo ekukhetheni inkqubo. Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kophononongo lwe-DFM, sinokucebisa ukuba inxalenye eyenziwe ngoku nge-PM inokwenziwa ngcono njengokuphosa okuncinci ukusuka kumgca wokubumba weqokobhe, okanye i-billet eyenziwe ngoomatshini, kwaye singayenza loo nto. Akukho nkuthazo yokunyanzelisa inkqubo ye-PM apho ingekhoyo.
Ekugqibeleni, kuhla ekusombululeni iingxaki, kungekhona nje ukwenza iziqwenga. Umgubo sisiqalo sebali, hayi isiphelo. Umsebenzi wokwenyani-owona msebenzi unika umdla, okhathazayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha owanelisayo ngokuqaqambileyo-wenzeka ekuqondeni indlela eso siqwenga se-sintered esidibana ngayo nehlabathi: indlela egqitywa ngayo, indlela edityaniswa ngayo, indlela enxiba ngayo enkonzweni. Nantso ingqondo. Kuncinci malunga nokuba a inkampani ye powder metallurgy kunye nangaphezulu malunga nokuba ngumboneleli wezisombululo wemveliso enomgubo wesinyithi njengesixhobo esisisiseko, esiqondwa kakuhle kwikhithi yayo. Kwaye, ndicinga ukuba, kuphela kwendlela ezinzileyo eya phambili.
