Xa ubuza malunga neendleko zotyalo-mali, uninzi lwabantu lutsibela ngqo kwixabiso leyunithi nganye. Yimpazamo yokuqala leyo. Ixabiso lokwenyani liwebhu lezigqibo, ukuthomalalisa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, imigibe efihlakeleyo oyifundayo kuphela emva kokuba iprojekthi ihambe ecaleni. Ayizange ibe malunga nobunzima bentsimbi okanye ukuntsonkotha kwenxalenye kumzobo; Imalunga nayo yonke into eyenzekayo ukusukela oko ugqibezela uyilo ukuya kumhla ofumana ipalethi yokusaswa okugqityiweyo. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi kakhulu apho ikhowuti yokuqala ibonakala igqibelele, kuphela kwiindleko zokwenyani kwibhaluni kuba akukho mntu ubuze imibuzo eyiyo ngaphambili.
Apho Imali Iya khona ngokwenene
Masiyiqhekeze. Izinto ezinkulu zetikiti zicacile: izinto eziphathekayo kunye nomsebenzi. Kodwa ngaphakathi koko, ukhetho lwe-alloy ngumqhubi omkhulu. Ukuhamba nomgangatho we-316 ongenabala lihlabathi elinye; ukucacisa i-nickel-based superalloy efana ne-Inconel 718 enye indalo yonke ngokwexabiso lempahla eluhlaza kunye nobuchule obufunekayo ukuyiphosa ngokufanelekileyo. Awuhlawuleli nje intsimbi ebiza kakhulu; uhlawulela isakhono se-Foundry ukuyiphatha ngaphandle kokudala izinga eliphezulu lokulahlwa, elindizisa kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Iindleko zezixhobo zepatheni ye-wax zihlala zingaqondwa kakuhle. Kwiiprototypes okanye imiqulu ephantsi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa iipateni eziprintiweyo ze-3D, ezigcina kwisixhobo sokuqala kodwa zonyusa ixabiso leyunithi yepateni nganye yewax. Ukuqhuba imveliso, udinga i-aluminium okanye i-mold yensimbi. Leyo yinkcitho eyinkunzi yangaphambili. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka abo utyalo mali kunye noomatshini, baya kucebisa ngokwesiqhelo kule ndawo yokuphumla. Iwebhusayithi yabo, tsngtaocnc.com, ichaza umsebenzi wabo nge-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ezikuxelela ngokukhawuleza ukuba zimiselwe imisebenzi apho iindleko zempahla kunye nenkqubo yokulawula zigqithise iinkxalabo zezixhobo.
Emva koko kukho inkqubo yokwakha iqokobhe ngokwayo. Inani leedyasi zeceramic, ixesha lokumisa phakathi kwento nganye, uhlobo lwestucco esisetyenzisiweyo - zonke ezi zinto zibandakanya ixesha lomsebenzi kunye nesibonelelo. Indawo entsonkothileyo eneepokotho ezinzulu inokufuna iidyasi ezisixhenxe okanye ezisibhozo, ngelixa imilo elula idlula ezintlanu. Idyasi nganye yongeza usuku kumjikelezo. Ngoko, yakho iindleko zokuphosa utyalo-mali ibotshelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ekubeni ixesha elingakanani inxalenye yakho ithatha indawo kwindawo yokomisa i-Foundry.
Abaqhubi beendleko ezifihlakeleyo (Abo bakufumanayo)
Apha kulapho amava athetha khona. Iimfuno zokugqiba umgangatho. Ukuba ufuna i-as-cast surface finish of 125 Ra microinches, ngumgangatho lowo. Kodwa ukuba i-spec yakho ibiza i-63 Ra okanye ngcono, isiseko kufuneka silungelelanise i-ceramic slurry, sebenzisa i-stucco ecocekileyo, kwaye unokwenza ukugqibezela okungaphezulu kwe-post-cast. Olo tshintsho lungongeza i-15-20% kwixabiso leyunithi yakho ngokulula. Yinkcukacha ehlala ingahoywa kwimizobo yobunjineli.
Isango lokungena kunye noyilo lokungena ngomnye umbulali wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali othe cwaka. Inkqubo yokungena engalunganga eyenzelwe ukonga kwizinto eziphathekayo inokukhokelela kwisiphithiphithi, ukuvaleka komoya, kunye nokushwabana kwe-porosity. Isiphumo? Izinga eliphezulu le-scrap. Ugcine i-$2 kwi-wax kodwa ngoku unezinga le-30% lokulahlwa. Okwenyani iindleko zokuphosa utyalo-mali inxalenye elungileyo isanda. Ndifunde oku ngendlela enzima kwiprojekthi yokuqala ye-impeller yepompo; silwenze ngcono uyilo lokusetyenziswa kwewax encinci, kodwa ibhetshi yokuqala ine-40% yezinga lokungaphumeleli ngenxa yokushwabana. Kuye kwafuneka ukuba siyiyile ngokutsha yonke isango lokungena, nto leyo ethetha isixhobo esitsha kunye nokulibaziseka kweenyanga ezimbini.
Imisebenzi yasemva kokuphoswa isoloko icatshulwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngaba ixabiso libandakanya ukunqunyulwa (ukususa amalungu emthini)? Ngaba iquka ukugaya amasango? Kuthekani ngonyango lobushushu okanye ukulungisa? Umboneleli wenkonzo epheleleyo odibanisayo CNC Machining, njengokuba i-QSY ikhankanya kwintshayelelo yabo, inokuhlala ilungelelanisa oku. Ukuba ne-casting kunye nomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye kunciphisa i-logistics, ukulungiswa kwakhona, kunye nemiba ye-handoff esemgangathweni. Olo manyano lunokuthoba ixabiso lakho lilonke elibekiweyo, nokuba isicatshulwa sokuqala asiyiyo eyona xabiso liphantsi kwimarike.
Umthamo vs. Ukuntsokotha: UMthetho wokuQinisekisa
Ukwenziwa kotyalo-mali kudume ngeejometri ezintsonkothileyo, kodwa ukuntsonkotha kunexabiso. Inxalenye eneendonga ezibhityileyo (zithi, phantsi kwe-2mm) idinga inaliti echanekileyo ye-wax kunye nesakhiwo seqokobhe ukukhusela ukuphuka okanye ukuzaliswa okungaphelelanga. Ii-cores zangaphakathi zongeza olunye uluhlu lweendleko kunye nomngcipheko. Kwimiqulu ephantsi, kunokuba kufanelekile ukuyilwa ngokutsha ukuphepha undoqo. Kwimiqulu ephezulu, ixabiso le-mold mold liyancitshiswa.
Kulapho intsebenziswano yexesha elide ibalulekile. I-Foundry eqonda ishishini lakho inokucebisa ukuba uyilo lwe-manufacturability (DFM) utshintsho kwangoko. Ukujonga kugxininiso lwe-QSY kwi-shell mold kunye utyalo mali kwiimathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo, ngokucacileyo zilungiselelwe ukuphatha olo rhwebo luntsonkothileyo. Mhlawumbi baye bacebisa abaxhasi abaninzi ukuba bongeza phi idrafti encinci okanye iradiyasi ukuphucula ngokumangalisayo isivuno.
Izaphulelo zevolumu zikhona, kodwa azikho mgca. Ukwehla kweendleko ezinkulu kwenzeka kwiprototype (iziqwenga eziyi-1-10) ukuya kwimveliso encinci yokuvelisa (iziqwenga eziyi-100-500). Emva koko, ugcino ngeyunithi nganye luyancipha. Uyonga kakhulu kwi-amortized tooling kunye nexesha lokuseta. Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nomsebenzi othe ngqo kwisiqwenga ngasinye ziba zizinto eziphambili.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto: Ukulingana kweendleko ezingundoqo
Awukwazi ukuthetha ngeendleko ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokuthetha. Iintsimbi zekhabhoni zisisiseko. Iintsimbi ezingenasici (304, 316, 17-4 PH) zinyuka. Kodwa xa ungena kwi-cobalt-based or nickel-based alloys uluhlu lwe-QSY, ukwiligi eyahlukileyo. Ezi alloys azibizi kuphela ngekhilogram nganye, kodwa zikwanzima ukunyibilika, ukugalela, nokugqiba. Bafuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwenkqubo kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo lobushushu.
Iindleko zokusebenzisa ezi ngxubevange aziyonto nje yomgca we-invoyisi. Yisiqinisekiso sokuba i-Foundry inobuchwephesha be-metallurgical ukugcina iipropati ze-alloy. Isiseko sexabiso eliphantsi sinokunikezela nge-Inconel, kodwa ukuba abalawuli ubushushu bokuthulula okanye umjikelo wokupholisa ngokuchanekileyo, uphela unenxalenye ekhangeleka ilungile kodwa isilela kwinkonzo. Leyo yeyona ndleko iphakamileyo, intlekele.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukhetho olufanelekileyo kukusebenzisa izinto ezibiza kakhulu ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ndikhumbula icandelo levalvu elichazwe ekuqaleni kumgangatho ococekileyo. Yahlala isilela phantsi komhlwa nobushushu. Sitshintshele kwi-duplex yodidi oluphezulu, ephindaphinda izinto iindleko zokuphosa utyalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, ubomi becandelo bunyuke ngokuphindwe kahlanu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ixabiso lilonke lobunini lihle kakhulu. Iqabane elisisiseko elilungileyo likunceda ukuba ubone loo mfanekiso mkhulu.
Ukufikelela kwiQuote eyiNqobo
Ke, usifumana njani isicatshulwa esibonisa ubunyani? Nika yonke into. Imodeli ye-3D sisiqalo, kodwa ayonelanga. Kufuneka ucacise: ibakala lezinto eziphathekayo (kungekhona nje insimbi engenasici), iipropati ezifunekayo zemishini, unyango lobushushu, imigangatho eyamkelekileyo yesiphako (njenge-ASTM A802 yokuhlolwa kwendawo), kunye neemfuno zasemva kokulungiswa. Okukhona ungacacanga, kokukhona i-Foundry iya kwakha kwixabiso lokukhawulelana nomngcipheko wabo.
Cela ukwahlulahlula. Ikowuti engafihliyo isenokwahlula ixabiso lesixhobo, ixabiso leyunithi yokuphosa, kunye neendleko zasemva kokulungiswa. Oku kukunceda ukuba uqonde apho imali iya khona kwaye apho kunokubakho indawo yothethathethwano okanye ukuyilwa ngokutsha.
Okokugqibela, qwalasela ixabiso elipheleleyo, kungekhona nje ixabiso. Isiseko esihlanganisiweyo CNC Machining ubunakho, njengaleyo ichazwe apha tsngtaocnc.com, inika ulawulo. Bajongana nayo yonke inkqubo ukusuka kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuya kwinxalenye yomatshini, elungele ukuyifaka. Oku kunciphisa umthwalo wakho wolawulo, kwenza kube lula ukulandelwa komgangatho (inqaku elinye loxanduva), kwaye kaninzi kukhokelela kumgangatho ongcono jikelele kuba iqela lomatshini liyayiqonda inkqubo yokuphosa. Oko kudityaniswa kunexabiso lokuba isicatshulwa esingenanto-amathambo ngekhilo nganye ayisoze ibonise. Ekugqibeleni, inyaniso iindleko zokuphosa utyalo-mali lixabiso lokufumana indawo ethembekileyo, esebenzayo edibana nazo zonke iispecs zakho, ngexesha, ngalo lonke ixesha. Yonke enye into luqikelelo nje.
