Masinyaniseke, xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'ilahleko yokuphosa iwax,' baba nomfanekiso wegcisa elichubekileyo ligalela isilivere etyhidiweyo ngocoselelo kwiqhekeza lezacholo. Ayonto iphosakeleyo, kodwa incinci, ikona ephantse yathandeka ukuba yintoni le nkqubo ngokwenene kwilizwe lemizi-mveliso. Igama ngokwalo, ilahleko yokuphosa isinyithi, okanye utyalo-mali oluchaneke ngakumbi, luhlala luba lula kakhulu. Olona celomngeni lokwenene asikokunyibilika nje kwesinyithi nokuphulukana newax; malunga nokulawula lonke ikhonkco-ukusuka kwipatheni yokuqala ye-wax ukuya kunyango lokugqibela lokufudumala-ukuphumeza ukunyamezela kunye nokunyaniseka kwezinto ezinokuthi ezinye iinkqubo azikwazi ukuchukumisa. Kulapho ubugcisa budibana nesinyithi esingaxoleliyo.
I-Wax sisiqalo nje, kwaye yintloko ebuhlungu
Wonke umntu ucinga ngesinyithi, kodwa ipateni ye-wax kulapho uphumelela okanye ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi. Iiparamitha zenaliti ye-wax-ubushushu, uxinzelelo, ixesha lokuhlala-ziyalela yonke into. Kushushu kakhulu, kwaye i-wax iyancipha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ibangela i-warpage ebonakala kuphela emva kokuba wakhe iqokobhe le-ceramic. Kubanda kakhulu, kwaye ufumana ukuphindaphindeka komhlaba okungalunganga, mhlawumbi nemigca ehambayo. Ndizibonile iivenkile, ezilungileyo, zilahla iibhetshi zonke kuba azizange ziphendule ngokufuma okukhoyo okuchaphazela ukuziphatha kwe-wax ngaloo mini. Yinto ephilayo, ngokuphandle.
Emva koko unendibano ibe yimithi yewax. Lo ngumsebenzi wezandla, wezakhono. Awupheleli nje ngokuncamathisela iinxalenye; uyinjineli inkqubo yokungena. I-sprue, iimbaleki, kunye ne-ingates kufuneka ziyilwe ukuvumela isinyithi ukuba sizalise umngundo ngokupheleleyo kwaye uqine ngendlela yokunciphisa ukushwabana kwe-porosity. Yenza le nto ingalunganga, kwaye uya kuba nentle, i-dimensionally ye-castings egqibeleleyo eneziphene zangaphakathi ezisilelayo phantsi koxinzelelo. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi ye-pump impeller kwi-duplex stainless steel apho kwafuneka sibuyisele amasango kathathu ukuze kupheliswe indawo eshushu eqhubekayo eyenza i-micro-fissures.
Esi sigaba kulapho amava e-Foundry ekhala. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka abo kumdlalo, baya kuba nale nto ukuya kwisayensi. Awukwazi ukukhohlisa olo hlobo lwememori yenkqubo. Kusezandleni zabasebenzi abahlanganisa imithi, besazi kakuhle ukuba ingakanani iwax ekufuneka isetyenziselwe itywina ngaphandle kokwenza iblob eyonakalisa iqokobhe eligqunywe kamva. Ukugxila kwabo ixesha elide kwi utyalo mali kuthetha ukuba babone yonke indlela yokungaphumeleli kwewax onokucinga ngayo.
Ukwakha iqokobhe: Ulusu lweCeramic, umaleko ngoMaleko
Inkqubo yokwakha igobolondo ilula ngokukhohlisa kwiphepha: cwilisa umthi we-wax kwi-ceramic slurry, i-stucco ngesanti, yiyeke yome, iphinda. Kodwa usathana usezinkcukacha. I-viscosity ye-slurry kufuneka ibekwe esweni rhoqo-itshintsha ngobushushu kwaye njengoko izinto zihamba. Idyasi yokuqala, idyasi yobuso, yeyona ibaluleke kakhulu. Isebenzisa umgubo we-zircon we-ultra-fine okanye into efanayo ukubamba zonke iinkcukacha. Ukuba le dyasi ingcolisekile okanye isetyenziswe ngokungalinganiyo, indawo yokugqibela yokuphosa iya kuba nomngxuma okanye ibe rhabaxa, nokuba wenza ntoni na kamva.
Iileya ezilandelayo zongeza amandla. Usuka kwi-stucco entle ukuya kwizinto ezirhabaxa. Indawo yokomisa ibalulekile; ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye iqokobhe liyaqhekeka kuxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, licotha kakhulu kwaye usengozini yokukhula komngundo okanye ukuwohloka. Kwiimozulu ezifumileyo, le yimfazwe eqhubekayo. Sasisebenzisa izixhobo zokususa umswakama 24/7 kumagumbi omisa ngexesha leemvula. Umaleko ngamnye kufuneka wome ngokupheleleyo phambi kwediphu elandelayo, kungenjalo, ubamba ukufuma okujika kube ngumphunga ngexesha lenqanaba le-dewaxing kwaye uqhekeze iqokobhe ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle. Ndikhe ndagqabhuka iqokobhe elipheleleyo kwi-autoclave—ubugxwayiba obumangalisayo, obubiza imali eninzi—kuba sikhawulezise ukomisa kumeko wesithathu.
Ubunzima bokugqibela beqokobhe kukubizela isigwebo. Ingqindilili yomelele kwicastings enkulu, kodwa ikwathetha imathiriyeli eyongeziweyo yokufudumeza, echaphazela izinga lokupholisa kwesinyithi. Kwizinto ezinodonga olucekeceke, udinga iqokobhe eliqinileyo ngokwaneleyo lokuphatha uxinzelelo lwesinyithi kodwa alukho likhulu kangako lubangela ukubanda. Yibhalansi oyifundayo kwiibhetshi ezonakeleyo.
I-Dewaxing kunye nokudubula: Inqaku lokungabuyi
Le yinxalenye elahlekileyo. Awunakuphinda uyifumane iwax. Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zi-autoclave (umphunga) kunye nomlilo we-flash. I-Autoclave ithambile kwiqokobhe, isebenzisa umphunga woxinzelelo oluphezulu ukunyibilika kunye nokuvuthela i-wax ngaphandle. Kodwa kufuneka uqokelele i-wax-iyaphinda isetyenziswe, kwaye kwivenkile ephezulu, oko kuyindleko ebalulekileyo yokonga. Ukudubula okulenyazayo koko kanye: ukuncamathelisa iqokobhe eziko ukutshisa iwax ngaphandle. Iyakhawuleza, kodwa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunokuqhekeza amaqokobhe abuthathaka, kwaye ulahlekelwe yi-wax.
Emva kwe-dewaxing, ushiywe ngumbumba we-ceramic ongenanto. Ikhangeleka inkenenkene, kodwa ayikagxothwa. Isiteji sokudubula, malunga ne-1000 ° C, i-sinters i-ceramic particles kunye, idala i-mold eqinile, i-chemicals stable mold ilungele isinyithi. Oku kudubula kwakhona kutshisa naziphi na iimpawu zokugqibela ze-wax kunye nokufuma. Umngundo kufuneka ugalelwe ngelixa kuseshushu, rhoqo kanye ngaphandle kweziko. Ukugalela kwisikhunta esibandayo kubangela ukuqina kwangaphambili kunye nokungahambi kakuhle. I-Logistics apha ngumdaniso-ukuvumelanisa iziko lokunyibilikisa isinyithi kunye neziko elidubula iimbumba.
Ukugalela kunye nento ezayo emva
Ukugalela kuvakala njengovuthondaba, kodwa kuphelile ngemizuzwana. Kwii-alloys ezifana ne-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based superalloys-izinto eziphathekayo QSY zidwelisa njengento ekhethekileyo—iatmosfera ibalulekile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenziwa phantsi kwe-vacuum okanye kwindawo ekhuselayo ye-argon ukukhusela i-oxidation. Ujongene neentsimbi ezisebenza ngokumangalisayo xa kugalelwa amaqondo obushushu. Ukuvuza okuncinci kwisixokelelwano sevacuum kunokonakalisa ubushushu bezinto ezixabisa amawaka.
Emva koko ulinde. Iqokobhe kufuneka liphole phambi kokuba uliqhawule. Esi santya sokupholisa yinxalenye yonyango lobushushu kwezinye i-alloys. Nje ukuba kupholile, uqhekeza iqokobhe ngeehamile, iitafile ezingcangcazelayo, okanye iijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Okushiyekileyo ngumthi wentsimbi, izijungqe zakho zingcwatywe kubugxwayiba bamasango neembaleki. Inkqubo yokunkqonkqoza kufuneka ibe ndlongondlongo ngokwaneleyo ukuze isuse i-ceramic kodwa ingabi ndlongondlongo kangangokuba yonakalise amacandelo amancinci okuphosa.
Okulandelayo kukunqunyulwa. Ukususa amalungu emthini ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngeesarha ezirhabaxa okanye ngoku, ngokuqhelekileyo, i-CNC bandsaws yokuchaneka. Emva koko uqhubela phambili ekusileni, kwi-sandblasting, kunye nokugqiba. Apha kulapho inzuzo ekufutshane-netha-imilo ye ilahleko yokuphosa isinyithi ihlawula ngokwenene. Ukuba wenze yonke into ngokufanelekileyo, kukho isitokhwe esincinci esongezelelweyo esinokusisusa. Kodwa ukuba ipateni yakho okanye iqokobhe ibicimile, oomatshini baya kukwazisa-ngokukhwaza.
Kutheni kusabalulekile kwiLizwe le-CNC
Ngomatshini wanamhlanje we-5-axis we-CNC okwaziyo, abantu bayabuza ukuba kutheni uzikhathaza ngobumdaka, inkqubo yokuphosa enamanyathelo amaninzi. Kwiprototypes enye, banyanisile-yimatshini nje. Kodwa ngomthamo, kwiijometri zangaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi (cinga ii-turbine blades kunye neziteshi zokupholisa zangaphakathi), okanye kwizakhiwo ezithile zezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphosa akunakuguqulwa. Ivumela ukuhamba okuziinkozo okulandela i-contour yenxalenye, enokuphucula ubomi bokudinwa. Ihlala isebenziseka ngakumbi imathiriyeli kwiimilo ezintsonkothileyo kunomatshini osuka kwibhloko eqinileyo.
Kwaye kumacandelo aya kuthi kamva abone umatshini ochanekileyo, njengoninzi lwamacandelo avela kumnikezeli wenkonzo epheleleyo njengeQSY (indawo yabo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com ibalaselisa ukuphosa kwabo okudityanisiweyo kunye CNC Machining amandla), iyavakala. Uphose ukufumana isiseko, ifom entsonkothileyo eneempawu ezilungileyo zemathiriyeli, emva koko utshicilele iindawo ezibalulekileyo zokukhwelana kunye nemingxuma yokunyamezelana. Yindlela exutyiweyo eyenza amandla awo omabini ehlabathi.
Ixabiso lokwenyani lesiseko alikho kwisixhobo kuphela; kulwazi oluqokelelweyo lwendlela yokubhanqa uyilo kunye nemathiriyeli efanelekileyo kunye nenkqubo. Xa ubona inkampani eye yadlula iminyaka engama-30, njenge-intro ye Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. icebisa, abathengisi nje iicastings. Bathengisa umgwebo ukunqanda imigibe etshonisa iprojekthi-uhlobo lwesigwebo oluza kuphela ekulungiseni amaqokobhe amaninzi aphukileyo kunye nokuhlalutya uninzi lwezakhiwo ezineziphene. Nantso into oyithengayo ngenene nomntu oqolileyo utyalo mali iqabane.
