Xa usiva 'i-aerospace precision machining', iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kukunyamezelana okuqinileyo kunye noomatshini bodidi be-5-axis. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa yinxalenye elula. Ibali lokwenyani likwincoko yezinto eziphathekayo, ukuchasana okungabonakaliyo phakathi kwenjongo yoyilo kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto, kunye nobunzima obuninzi bokulandelwa. Ndibone iimodeli ezininzi ezintle ze-CAD eziliphupha elibi ukulungisa, okanye iindawo ezigqibeleleyo ze-aluminiyam ezisilelayo ngenxa yokuba umntu engakhange aphendule nge-thermal dynamics kwindibano. Ayikokwenza nje imilo; imalunga nokwenza imilo ephilayo, isebenze, kwaye inokuqinisekiswa ukuba yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngalo lonke ixesha.
Izinto eziphathekayo nguMthengi wokuQala
Awukwazi ukuthetha ngokuchanekileyo ngaphandle kokuqala ngesithuba. Apha kulapho iiprojekthi ezininzi zifumana ujongo lwazo lokuqala lokwenyani. I-aerospace ayisekho malunga ne-aluminiyam kunye ne-titanium kuphela. Singene nzulu ialloys esekwe nickel njenge Inconel 718, okanye ialloys esekwe cobalt kwimo engqongileyo egqithisileyo. Ezi ayizozinyithi usandula kuzisika. Basebenza nzima, bayakruqula, bayalwa nawe. Amava omthengisi apha awaxoxiswana. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yecandelo le turbine yokutywina apho umzobo wawufuna ukugqitywa okuthe ngqo komphezulu kwindawo ye-Hastelloy X. Isicwangciso sendlela yesixhobo esisebenzele insimbi engenasici savele samenyezela phezulu, sisenza ukunyuka koxinzelelo. Kwafuneka sibuyele umva, sicothise yonke into, sisebenzise isixhobo sejiyometri esahluke ngokupheleleyo-i-wiper ekhethekileyo yokufaka kunye nokuhanjiswa okupholileyo ngakumbi. Ixesha lomjikelo liphindwe kathathu, kodwa inxalenye yaphumelela iimvavanyo zayo zokudinwa. Leyo yindleko efihliweyo yokuchaneka.
Yiloo nto imbali yenkampani ibalulekile. Ivenkile esele ikwi-casting kunye ne-machining amashumi eminyaka, njengaye Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), inendawo yokuqala eyahlukileyo. Bayibonile indlela izinto eziphathekayo eziziphatha ngayo kwimo yayo etyhidiweyo utyalo mali yonke indlela ukuya kwifomu yayo yokugqibela eyenziwe ngoomatshini. Olo lwazi lugxininisiweyo lokuhamba okuziinkozo, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olusuka kwinkqubo yokuphosa, kunye nendlela edibana ngayo nesixhobo sokusika ibaluleke kakhulu. Ithintela uninzi lwentlungu yentliziyo yenqaku lokuqala. Awuthengi nje ixesha lomatshini; uthenga intuition yemathiriyeli eqokelelweyo.
Ndicinga ukuba impazamo eqhelekileyo kukuphatha inkqubo yomatshini njengesiganeko esizimeleyo. Ngezi zixhobo eziphambili, lonke ikhonkco lidityaniswe. Zaveliswa njani isitokhwe ekrwada? Ngaba yayiyenziwe ngomzobo, yaphoswa, okanye ibhari? Yayiyintoni imbali yayo yonyango lobushushu ngaphambi kokuba ifike kwidokhi yethu yokufumana? Sakhe saba nebhetshi ye-17-4 PH yezibiyeli zentsimbi engenasici ezihlala zilwa ngokungalindelekanga emva komatshini. Emva kweentloko ezininzi kunye nokuhlolwa okungaphumelelanga, sayilandela emva konyango oluguga olungahambelaniyo oluvela kumthengisi wezinto eziphathekayo. Ukuchaneka kwalahleka ngaphambi kokuba sisebenzise intambo yokusonta. Ngoku, ii-certs eziphathekayo kunye nembali yenkqubo ngamaxwebhu okuqala esiwahlolisisayo.
Ukuchaneka yiNkqubo, hayi umatshini
Wonke umntu uyonwaba ngoku CNC Machining iziko elinesisombululo se-micron esezantsi. Kodwa umatshini ngumdlali nje; Iqonga libaluleke ngakumbi. Uzinzo lobushushu evenkileni ngumba omkhulu kunokuba uninzi luvuma. I-4-degree Celsius swinging ngosuku inokuphosa i-actuator yendlu ende, ebhityileyo ye-aerospace ngaphandle kokunyamezela ukuba caba. Kwafuneka sisebenzise inkqubo esisiseko yokulawula imozulu kwitheku elizinikele kumsebenzi olungeleleneyo omkhulu nonokunyamezelana. Ibingeyonto intle, kodwa inqumle ireyithi yethu yenkunkuma kula malungu angaphezu kwama-60%.
Emva koko kukho i-metrology. Awunakho ukunyamezela ukunyamezelwa kwe-aerospace ngaphandle kokulinganisa ubungakanani obungcono. Kodwa ayikokuba neCMM kuphela. Imalunga nokwazi ukuba ulinganise ntoni kwaye nini. Kwizinto ezininzi eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye neepaseji zangaphakathi ezidibeneyo, ukuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala kunokubandakanya i-3D scan kunye neeyure kwi-CMM. Kodwa kulawulo lwebhetshi yemveliso, uchonga iimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu-kumsebenzi-mhlawumbi ubukhulu becala, ukujikeleza kwayo, kunye ne-perpendicularity yayo kubuso obunyukayo-kwaye udala isheke elungelelanisiweyo, ekwinkqubo yokujonga ngeegeyiji zomoya okanye izilungiso ezizinikeleyo. Le pragmatism yeyona nto igcina iprojekthi kwishedyuli kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Ukulungisa lelinye iqhawe elingadumanga. Ngomthamo ophantsi, umsebenzi wokuxutywa okuphezulu, iinkqubo zokulungisa iimodyuli zilungile. Kodwa kwimveliso yecandelo elibalulekileyo lokubhabha, uhlala ufuna intsimbi ezinikeleyo, eqinile eyenzelwe ukunciphisa ukuphambuka kwenxalenye ngexesha lokusikeka okunamandla. Ndiyile izixhobo ezixabisa ngaphezulu kwemathiriyeli ekrwada ngokwazo. Kubonakala kungenakulinganiswa de uqhube amanani kumaxesha ancitshisiweyo omjikelo, ukuhambelana okuphuculweyo, kunye nokuphelisa iimpazamo zokuseta. Uluhlu luba yinxalenye ye ukuchaneka kwe-aerospace machining inkqubo iresiphi, njengoko ibhaliwe kwaye ilawulwa njengeendlela zesixhobo.
Apho ukuCasa kunye noMatshini zingqubana
Le yindawo enomdla kakhulu. Izinto ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo ze-aerospace ziqala njengokusakha okukufutshane-netha-zemilo ukugcina ubunzima kunye nemathiriyeli. I ngokuchanekileyo machining emva koko izisa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kwi-spec. I-synergy apha inkulu, kodwa kunjalo nokubakho kongquzulwano. Ukuba indlu yokuphosa kunye nevenkile yomatshini ngamaqumrhu ahlukeneyo, ufumana umdlalo onetyala. Ukusasa kwakho kunokwahluka kakhulu. Inkqubo yakho yomatshini ingqongqo kakhulu.
Ukuba nazo zombini phantsi kophahla olunye, njengomboneleli odibeneyo othe nkqo, utshintsha amandla. Iqela lomatshini linokuhlala neqela elidlalayo ngexesha lophononongo loyilo kwaye lithi, Ukuba unokubamba i-0.5mm eyongezelelweyo yesitokhwe kule flange, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ingaphakathi kule mvulophu, sinokususa ukuseta kwaye siphucule ukugxila kwebhore. Iqela eliphosayo linokuthi, Singayenza loo nto, kodwa kufuneka songeze umphathi omncinci wokukhupha umoya apha. Ngaba ungayicima kwi-op yakho yokuqala? Olu hlobo lokuphucula inkqubo yentsebenziswano kulapho ixabiso langempela kunye nokuthembeka kwakhiwe. Ijika ikhonkco le-handoffs ibe yi-loop eqhubekayo, eqhutywa yimpendulo.
QSYimodeli yokunikela zombini iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa, utyalo mali, kwaye CNC Machining uthetha ngokuthe ngqo kule mfuno. Kwisibiyeli se-injini okanye umzimba wevalvu yehydraulic, banokulawula uhambo lonke ukusuka kwintsimbi enyibilikisiweyo ukuya kwindawo egqityiweyo. Olu lawulo kwijiyometri yokuqala kunye nokuthembeka kwangaphakathi kokuphosa kwazisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi kwizigaba ezichanekileyo zokuchaneka komatshini. Oomatshini bayazazi iindawo ezilindelekileyo zobunzima, iindawo ezinokuthi zicutheke, kwaye banokucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusuka kusuku lokuqala.
Umthwalo Wamaxwebhu
Oku kunokuba ngowona mba umncinci kodwa ubaluleke kakhulu. Kwi-aerospace, ukuba ayibhalwanga, ayizange yenzeke. Isiqwenga ngasinye semathiriyeli kufuneka silandelelwe sibuyele kwindawo yokunyibilika kwayo. Lonke utshintsho lwesixhobo, uhlengahlengiso lwe-offset, kunye nesiganeko sogcino kumatshini unokufuna ukuloga kwiiprojekthi ezithile. Amaphepha anokugqithisa ngokulula inxalenye yomzimba.
Oku ayilobureucracy ngenxa yalo. Yi-inshurensi yohlalutyo lokusilela. Ukuba inxalenye iyasilela kwinkonzo, abaphandi kufuneka bahlaziye imbali yayo yonke. Sinemeko apho ibhetshi yezikhonkwane zezixhobo zokumisa ibonise ukunxitywa okungaqhelekanga. Ngenxa yokuba besinokulandeleka ngokupheleleyo, lo mba besinokuwubekela bucala umba kwibhetshi ethile yofakelo lwesixhobo esineziphene zokwaleka kumthengisi. Sinokuthi ke sichonge yonke indawo eyenziwe ngoomatshini kunye nezo zifakelweyo kwaye sizivalele. Ngaphandle kolu xwebhu lwegranular, bekuya kufuneka silahle yonke inxalenye efanayo kangangeenyanga, iindleko eziyingozi.
Ukuphumeza oku akukho malunga nesoftware kuphela; yinkcubeko. Umsebenzisi womatshini kufuneka aqonde ukuba kutheni ukugawulwa kwemithi ukuba batshintshe into efakwe esele igugile ngo-3 PM kubaluleke kakhulu njengokusika abakwenzayo. Ifuna uqeqesho kunye neenkqubo ezidityanisiweyo kuhambo lomsebenzi, ezingabotshelelwanga njengengcinga engemva. Ukukwazi kwevenkile ukuphatha oku ngaphandle komthungo luphawu olukhulu lokukhula kwayo kwi-aerospace.
I-Paradox elungileyo eyaneleyo
Ekugqibeleni, ingcamango yokusukela imfezeko. Kukho i-tension rhoqo ukuchaneka kwe-aerospace machining phakathi kokunyamezelana okufanelekileyo kumzobo kunye noko kuyimfuneko ngokusebenzayo kunye noqoqosho olusebenzayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iinjineli zicacisa ukunyamezelana okusekwe kwimizobo yelifa okanye ezona zenzo zigqwesileyo ezingahambelaniyo nomsebenzi wenxalenye.
Iqabane lomatshini olungileyo kufuneka likwazi ukuba nengxoxo. Hayi ukusika iikona, kodwa ukusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo ngobuchule. Ngaba lo mphezulu wobuhle ungasebenziyo ufuna ngokwenene i-0.8-micron Ra ukugqiba, okanye ngaba i-1.6 inokwanela, ukonga i-30% yexesha lomatshini kunye nokupolisha? Ngaba le bore, enetywina eliguquguqukayo, kufuneka ibe yicylinder yejiyometri yokwenyani ukuya kwii-microns ezi-2, okanye ingaba ubukhulu bayo buhambelana nobude bayo bubaluleke kakhulu? Ukubuza le mibuzo, exhaswa ngamava kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokucebisa uvavanyo olusebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuphumla, inxalenye yenkonzo. Imalunga nokuzuza ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza, hayi nje ukubetha amanani angabonakaliyo kushicilelo. Kulapho ubugcisa budibana khona nesayensi.
