Uva 'ukulahleka kwewax' kwaye iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela kubucwebe okanye amaqhekeza obugcisa. Leyo yimbono yokuqala ephosakeleyo. Kwindawo yoshishino, sithetha ngayo ukuphosa ukuchaneka kwewax, okanye utyalo-mali, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kweringi eethe-ethe kunye necandelwana leblade yeinjini yomoya umalunga nobubanzi njengePasifiki. Umgaqo ongundoqo ngowakudala, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa ukuphunyezwa kwale mihla ngumdaniso okhohlakeleyo wekhemistri, amandla obushushu, kunye nomonde. Ayingomlingo; luluhlu olulawulwayo lweentsilelo ezinokubakho. Abathengi abaninzi beza becinga ukuba yimpendulo kuyo yonke ingxaki yejiyometri entsonkothileyo, ngaphandle kokubamba urhwebo: ixabiso lenkqubo yeqokobhe leceramic, imida yobukhulu ukusuka kwinaliti yepateni yewax ukuya ekucuthekeni kwesinyithi. Yinkqubo emangalisayo, kodwa kuphela xa usazi apho amandla ayo okwenene alele khona.
Igumbi leWax: Apho iqala khona yonke into (kwaye inokuhamba kakubi)
Umgangatho wenxalenye yokugqibela yentsimbi uvaleleke ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba lepatheni ye-wax. Kulapho ufuna iqabane elifumana khona. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zisilela ngenxa yokuba iiparamitha zenaliti ye-wax bezicimile-iqondo lobushushu, uxinzelelo, ukubamba ixesha. Ufumana iphethini ye-wax enhle, kodwa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olufihliweyo lubangela ukuba luphazamise kamva ngexesha lokugcinwa, okanye lubi nakakhulu, ngexesha le-dewaxing, ekhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwegobolondo. Kukusilela okuthe cwaka okufumanayo kuphela emva kokugalela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Kwiivenkile eziwazi amashishini abo, njenge-QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.), baye bakhe iminyaka engama-30 yamava kwiiprothokholi zabo zegumbi le-wax. Ayikokwenza nje imilo; imalunga nokwenza i-dimensionally ezinzile, i-wax replica yokunciphisa uxinzelelo enokusinda kwiinzima ezizayo.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwi-wax ngokwayo yisayensi epheleleyo. Imixube eyahlukeneyo yeejiyometri ezahlukeneyo-eminye yenza kube lula ukunyibilika, eminye igqibezela umphezulu ongcono. Ukuhlanganiswa kweepateni ze-wax kumthi ophakathi kolunye uhlobo lobugcisa. Ii-engile ze-sprue, isithuba sokuqinisekisa ukwaleka okufanayo kweqokobhe kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo ngexesha lokuqina... fumana oku kungalunganga, kwaye uya kuba nokushwabana kwe-porosity kwiprimiyamu yakho yentsimbi engatyiwayo. Ngala manyathelo asisiseko, ahlala engahoywa kwiincwadana ezimenyezelayo, ezahlula isiseko esichanekileyo kwisigaleli sesinyithi.
Kwaye masithethe isixhobo. Iimold ze-aluminiyam zokutofa iipateni ze-wax yindleko enkulu yangaphambili kunye nexesha lokutshona. Eli lisango lokuqala lesigqibo esikhulu. Ukwenza iprototyping okanye ivolyum ephantsi, ngamanye amaxesha sisebenzisa iipateni eziprintiweyo ze-3D ngokuthe ngqo, sincama ukugqiba komphezulu ngesantya. Kodwa ukuqhubela phambili kwemveliso, ngakumbi kwi-high-nickel alloys i-QSY ihlala iphatha, udinga loo nto ilukhuni yesinyithi. Ixesha lokukhokela kunye neendleko apha hluza imibuzo engaxakekanga. Awuyiqalisi le nkqubo ngokuqhutywa kwamaqhekeza angama-50 ngaphandle kokuba inxalenye inzima kakhulu.
ISakhiwo seShell: Isikrweqe seCeramic, umaleko ngoMaleko
Olu lutyalo-mali kwi-investment casting. Ukuthi nkxu umthi we-wax kwi-ceramic slurry, ukugxumeka ngesanti, kwaye uyomise. Phinda. Isixhenxe, isibhozo, alithoba. Ukufuma kwegumbi kunye nokulawulwa kweqondo lokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu-ukuba umaleko wangaphambili ungomile ukuya kumbindi, olandelayo uya kubamba ukufuma, okukhokelela ekuqhumeni kwe-steam ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu be-dewaxing kwi-autoclave. Ndive nge pops. Sisandi esibuhlungu, esithetha ukuba iqokobhe lilahlekile kwaye iintsuku zomsebenzi zihambile.
Ifomula ye-ceramic yenye into ebalulekileyo. Kwi-carbon steel standard, inkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-silica-based inokwanela. Kodwa xa usiya kwii-alloys ezisebenzayo njenge-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based based lists ye-QSY, ufuna i-non-reactive face layers, ehlala isekelwe kwi-zircon, ukukhusela ukungcoliswa komhlaba. Iqokobhe alikho nje ukungunda okubi; sisithintelo samachiza. Ukukhethwa kwesanti ye-stucco (i-zircon, i-alumina-silicate) ichaphazela ukunyanzeliswa kwegobolondo kunye namandla ashushu. Ibuthathaka kakhulu, iqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo lwentsimbi ye-static. Ayinamanzi kakhulu, kwaye ufumana ukuvalelwa kwegesi. Sisenzo sokulungelelanisa esiphuculwe ngaphezu kwamawaka ezakhiwo.
Emva kwedyasi yokugqibela, iqokobhe kufuneka lomiswe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye emva koko lifakwe kwiziko elimalunga ne-1000 ° C. Oku kutshisa nayiphi na i-wax eshiyekileyo, itshiza i-ceramic ibe ngundo olomeleleyo, i-monolithic, kwaye iyise kubushushu ukuze igalelwe. Ukugalelwa kwiqokobhe elishushu xa kuthelekiswa nelibandayo kuchaphazela kakhulu ubumanzi besinyithi kunye nokwakhiwa kokugqibela kweenkozo. Kulapho inkqubo idibanisa i-metallurgy kunye neekeramics. Awunako nje ukuba nesebe elilungileyo lokunyibilikisa; udinga iqela leqokobhe kunye neqela elinyibilikayo kungqamaniso.
Ukugalela kunye neMva: Hayi iSiphelo seBali
Ukugalela kubonakala njengovuthondaba, kodwa lelinye inyathelo elilawulwayo. I-alloy iyanyibilika, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-vacuum okanye kwisithando somlilo esilawulwa yi-atmospheric, ngakumbi ezo zinto zikhethekileyo. Iibhleyidi zeturbine, umzekelo, zifuna ukugalelwa kwevacuum ukuthintela i-oxidation. Isinyithi sigalelwa kwigobolondo yangaphambili. Emva koko, linda. Ukuqinisa kufuneka kulawulwe. Ngamanye amaxesha umthi wonke ufakwa kwingubo eshushu yokugquma ukukhuthaza ukuqina kolwalathiso, ukondla kwi-sprue ukukhusela i-micro-shrinkage kwinxalenye ngokwayo.
I-Knock-Out kunye ne-Sikwa
Xa sele ipholile, iqokobhe leceramic lisuswa ngogonyamelo ngokungcangcazela okanye ukuqhushumba kwamanzi. Okushiyekileyo ngumthi wentsimbi ohluma amalungu akho, agqunywe kuqweqwe olucekethekileyo lweceramic evuthayo edityaniswe phezulu. Apha kulapho kutyhilwa khona umphezulu we-as-cast. Inkqubo elungileyo yeqokobhe ivelisa isiphelo esinokufuna kuphela ukuqhushumba okukhanyayo. Ihlwempu lishiya isikali esikhulu kunye nokungena okutya kwisitokhwe somatshini.
Emva koko kuza ukunqunyulwa ngenkohlakalo. Ukusebenzisa amavili abrasive okanye ngoku ngokuqhelekileyo, waterjets high-pressure okanye CNC bandsaws, iinxalenye ngamnye zisikwe kwi sprue central. Oku kushiya isikhondo ekufuneka sicolwe phantsi kamva. Umsebenzi osikiweyo ufuna ukukhathalelwa ukuthintela ukucinezela okanye ukonakalisa izinto ezicekethekileyo zokuphosa.
Xa i-Precision Casting idibana ne-CNC: Intsebenziswano eyimfuneko
Kakhulu, bambalwa kakhulu ukuphosa ukuchaneka kwewax iinxalenye zikulungele ukusetyenziswa ngqo emthini. Leyo yimbono yesibini enkulu ephosakeleyo. Le nkqubo ikusondeza kwimilo yenetha, kodwa ujongano olubalulekileyo-imingxuma yebholiti, indawo yokutywina, imibhobho echanekileyo-ihlala ifuna ukwenziwa ngoomatshini. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-Foundry enobuchule obudibeneyo be-CNC, njengale nto uyibonayo ekusebenzeni kwe-QSY (i-portal yabo kwi-tsingtaocnc.com ichaza oku kudityaniswa), inenzuzo enkulu. I-Foundry kunye nevenkile yomatshini bathetha ulwimi olufanayo. Umyili ophosayo uyazi ukushiya isitokhwe esaneleyo kodwa hayi kakhulu. Umdwebi wenkqubo we-CNC uyawazi uxinezeleko olunokubakho olufihliweyo ekubumbeni kunye nendlela yokulandelelanisa ukusikwa ukugcina uzinzo.
Ndikhumbula umzimba wevalvu kwintsimbi ephindwe kabini. Ukuphosa kwakukuhle, kodwa ngexesha lokwenziwa kobuso beflange, ipokotho encinci ye-subsurface shrinkage yatyhilwa. Yayikwindawo engabalulekanga, kodwa yayisisiphene. Ngenxa yokuba umatshini wenziwa ngaphakathi kwindlu yinkampani efanayo eyayiphosayo, i-feedback loop yaba ngoko nangoko. Iqela labasunguli linokuyilandelela liyibuyisele kumcimbi onokubakho wesango kwindawo ethile yomthi. Ingxaki yasonjululwa kwibhetshi elandelayo. Ukuba umatshini wawulinyiwe, loo ngxelo ngengazange yenzeke, okanye ngeyalahleka ekuguquleleni nasekutyholweni.
I-synergy imalunga nokungaphezulu nje kolungiselelo. Imalunga noxanduva olwabiweyo lwecandelo lokugqibela. Umchwephesha uyakuqonda ukuhamba okuziinkozo kokugalelwa kunye namabala anokuba lukhuni ukusuka kunxibelelwano lweqokobhe. Oku kwazisa ukukhethwa kwesixhobo kunye nesantya sokusika. Iguqula ubudlelwane bomthengisi bube sisisombululo sokwenziwa kwento enye, nto leyo entsonkothileyo, iinxalenye zexabiso eliphezulu kumashishini afana namandla okanye i-aerospace, yindlela yodwa yokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka.
Izinto eziphathekayo: Ayizizo zonke iintsimbi eziziphatha ngendlela efanayo
Le ncwadana ithi sijula intsimbi engatyiwa, iialloyi zenickel, iialloys zecobalt. Iyenza ivakale iyatshintshatshintsha. Ayiyo. Usapho ngalunye luziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwi ukuphosa ukuchaneka kwewax inkqubo. Iintsimbi zekhabhoni kunye ne-alloy-alloy ephantsi zixolela ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nolwelo olulungileyo kunye nokuncipha okuqikelelweyo. 300-series steels? Zinoluhlu olude lokuqiniswa, olunokubenza bathande ukukrazuka okushushu ukuba ubulukhuni bokubumba kunye nokupholisa akulawulwa.
Kodwa i-superalloys, i-nickel kunye ne-cobalt-based based, lelinye irhamncwa. Zineendawo eziphezulu zokunyibilika, ezigxininisa iqokobhe leceramic ngakumbi. Zihlala zisebenza, zifuna ezo maleko ajongene ne-inert. Ukucutheka kwabo kunokukhokelela kakhulu. Iifestile zobushushu ezigalelayo zimxinwa. Ukufumana ukuphoswa kwesandi kwinto efana ne-Inconel 718 bubungqina bolawulo lwenkqubo ye-Foundry. Apha kulapho amashumi eminyaka yamava kwifem efana ne-QSY ibambeka. Ayikokuba neziko elinokufikelela kubushushu; imalunga nokwazi ngokuthe ngqo ukugalela, ukupholisa, kunye nobushushu-ukuphatha loo ngxubevange ethile ukuhlangabezana neempawu zepropathi yoomatshini. Olu lwazi luzuzwa nzima, amaxesha amaninzi ngokuphindaphindwa kwexesha elidlulileyo elingadibananga ne-spec.
Uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli luyinxalenye ephambili yomsebenzi. Inxalenye ethile ayiphumeleli kwi-radiography okanye uvavanyo lokungena. Ngaba yayiyingxaki yeqokobhe? Isiphene soyilo lokungena? Impazamo yokugalelwa kweqondo lobushushu? Ukungcoliswa kwezinto? Impendulo ayifane ibelula. Uyikrazula inkqubo emva, inyathelo ngenyathelo. Lo mba uphindaphindayo, osombulula ingxaki yintliziyo yomdlalo wehlabathi wokwenyani. Imdaka, ayinamda, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubela phambili. Iinkampani ezihlala kweli candelo, ezo uzifumana zinembali eqinileyo yokusebenza ngasemva kwesiza esinje https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ziye zakwenza oku kufunda ngokusilela. Ikumaphepha abo okuseta, iincwadana zabo zenkqubo, kunye nethuku lamagcisa abo omgangatho.
Ukuvala iLoop: Yinkqubo, hayi iMveliso
Ngoko ke, xa kuvavanywa ukuphosa ukuchaneka kwewax, awuthengi nxalenye. Uthengela inkqubo-ixesha elide, elintsonkothileyo, kunye nekhonkco lobugcisa eliphezulu leziganeko ezineempendulo ezininzi. Ixabiso alikho kwijometri yokugqibela; kukugqibelela kwezinto, ukuvakala kwesakhiwo, kunye nomgangatho womphezulu enokuthi inkqubo idluliselwe xa yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Kuyabiza kwaye kuthatha ixesha, kwaye kwiindawo ezilula, kugqithise kakhulu.
Kodwa kwicala elifanelekileyo-iipaseji ezintsonkothileyo zangaphakathi, iindonga ezibhityileyo, ukugqiba umgangatho ogqwesileyo, owenziwe ngengxubevange enzima ukuya kumatshini-akukho nto inokuthatha indawo. Isitshixo kukusebenzisana nomthengisi obona umfanekiso wonke, ukusuka kumatshini wokutofa nge-wax ukuya kwi-CNC yokusila, kwaye unamanxeba okulwa ukubonisa ukuba bafundile kuyo yonke impazamo esendleleni. Kulapho kuzalwa khona ukuchaneka kokwenyani, hayi kwinqaku lokuqala elingenasiphako, kodwa ukusuka kusukelo olungayekeleliyo lokulawula yonke into eguquguqukayo kubuchule obudumileyo obuguquguqukayo.
