Xa usiva i-'metal powder injection molding' okanye i-MIM, inowuthi ekhawulezayo ihlala imalunga neemilo ezintsonkothileyo, umthamo omkhulu, kunye nomlingo wobume obunetha. Kodwa ekubeni ndijikeleze iinxalenye eziphuma kumgca wokuqhawula kunye nezo ziya kwindibano yokugqibela, bendisoloko ndiziva ukuba elona bali lokwenyani ayisosithembiso sencwadana ecwebezelayo. Ikwi-gritty tolerance ibambe igiya engaphantsi kwe-10mm, okanye umlo wokuchasana nokugqwetheka kwisixhobo eside, esibhityileyo sesixhobo sotyando. Abaninzi bayithatha njengotshintshiselwano oluthe ngqo lwe-machining okanye utyalo-mali, oluyindlela ekhawulezayo ukuya kwibhetshi yokuqinisekisa engaphumelelanga. Inyani yile, i-MIM ihlala kwindawo yayo-inamandla amakhulu xa uqonda ulwimi lwayo lwe-feedstock, amandla aluhlaza, kunye nokuxinana kwe-sintered, kwaye idume ngokungaxoleli xa ungakwenzi oko.
I-alloy ayiloPhepha nje eliKhethekileyo
Ufumana umzobo obiza i-17-4PH engenasici. Umgangatho, akunjalo? Kwi ukubumba inaliti yomgubo wesinyithi, kulapho umthi wesigqibo sokuqala uvela khona. Ipowder morphology-spherical, kufutshane-spherical, satellite-laden-ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela isibophelelo esimanzisa ngayo, nto leyo eyalela i-viscosity ye-feedstock yakho. Ndibone iiprojekthi zimile kuba umgubo, ngelixa uchanekileyo ngokwekhemikhali, ubunoxinaniso lwempompo olwenze imiba yokubumba, ekhokelela kwi-voids eyathi yavela kuphela emva kokuntywila. Akunjalo malunga nekhemistri; imalunga nokuziphatha kwelaa bhetshi yomgubo evela kumthengisi.
Kulapho imvelaphi yokusebenza kwesinyithi ebanzi ixabiseke kakhulu. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye namashumi eminyaka ekujuleni nasekusebenzeni kwe-CNC, iya kufumana oku ngokubonakalayo. Bayazi ukuba izinto eziphathekayo ayisosiqinisekiso nje; yindlela yokuziphatha. Amava abo ane-alloys ezikhethekileyo kwi-investment casting, njenge-nickel-based based, iguqulela ekuqondeni okunzulu malunga nendlela i-alloys efanayo enokuthi iyancipha kwaye i-warp ngexesha le-MIM sintering. Olo lwazi lwenkqubo enqamlezileyo yigolide.
Kwaye xa sithetha ngokucula, umoya uyinto yonke. Inxalenye ye-316L efuna ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-corrosion inokonakaliswa yi-carbon-rich-atmosphere, yenze i-chromium carbides kwaye ibulale i-passivation yayo. Awubhaki nje inxalenye; ulawula ngononophelo inkqubo yokusasazwa kwemeko eqinileyo. Ijika lesithando somlilo, indawo yombethe, ukuhamba kwegesi—nto nganye etshintshayo ishiya umnwe kwi-microstructure yokugqibela. Linyathelo abaninzi abafikayo abalijongela phantsi, becinga ukuba umsebenzi onzima uphela emva kokubumba.
Ukubophelela: UMgcini-Sango Othuleyo
Ukuba bekufuneka ndikhombe kwinqanaba elinye apho uninzi lweenzame zeprototyping zijongene nesityalo, iyabophelela. Iyacotha, imdaka, kwaye ivakala ngathi yipateni yokubamba. Kodwa khawulezisa umjikelo we-thermal debind ukuze wonge ixesha, kwaye uya kuba namadyungudyungu okanye uqhekeke njengoko isibophelelo sizama ukuphuma ngokukhawuleza kunokuba iipores zinokuvuleka. Sisifundo esifundwe kabuhlungu. Inxalenye eluhlaza emva kokubunjwa inale mvakalelo yomelele ngokukhohlisayo, kodwa ubukhulu becala ibopha loo masuntswana esinyithi kwi-truce eethe-ethe.
I-Catalytic debinding kwi-feedstocks ethile lelinye irhamncwa. Ifuna iiasidi ezithile kunye nolawulo. Iindleko zokuseta kunye nokuphatha kwenza ukuba kungabi yinto eqhelekileyo kwiibhetshi ezincinci, ezityhala abantu kwiindlela zokushisa. Kuya kufuneka uyile indawo enobunzima obufanayo bodonga ukusuka ekuqaleni, hayi njengento ecingelwayo, ukuvumela nokususwa kwesibophelelo. Ihabhu etyebileyo ecaleni kweflange encinci yiresiphi yoxinzelelo loxinzelelo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwesi sigaba.
Ndikhumbula icandelo elincinane lokudibanisa, mhlawumbi iigram ezi-5, ezihlala ziqhekeka. Idizayini yayinombambo wokuthambisa othe chatha kancinci. Yayingengomcimbi osebenzayo, kodwa ekudibaneni, yayisebenza njengedama. Kuye kwafuneka ukuba sitshintshe iprofayile yendlela ye-thermal, songeza iiyure kumjikelo, ngenxa yelo nqaku linye. Leyo yinyani-inxalenye yoyilo iyalela inkqubo njengoko inkqubo iyalela inxalenye.
Apho iMIM ibetha ngokwenene ukuMachining kunye nokuCasa
Masisebenziseke. Kwisibiyeli esilula esinemingxuma emithathu, umatshini weCNC okanye isitampu uya kuphumelela kwiindleko ngalo lonke ixesha. Indawo emnandi ye ukubumba inaliti yomgubo wesinyithi yinxalenye enokufuna ukuseta oomatshini abaninzi, imisebenzi yesibini, okanye inejiyometries ezingenakuthelekiseka kwisitokhwe esiqinileyo. Cinga ngofakelo oluncinci lwe-orthopedic olunegophe elintsonkothileyo kunye neendlela ezisezantsi, okanye icandelo lompu elinemijelo edibeneyo yangaphakathi.
Oku kugqithelana nehlabathi le-QSY. Benjenjalo iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali. Kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezingantsonkothanga kakhulu kwimiqulu ephezulu, ukubunjwa yinkosi. Kodwa xa uhla ukuya kumacandelo angaphantsi, yithi, i-100 grams, eneenkcukacha ezifuna ± 0.3% ukunyamezela njenge-sintered, iMIM iqalisa ukutsalela phambili. Ayilosukuzwano; yipotfoliyo. Umvelisi onikezela ngazo zombini uyasiqonda isixhobo amakasisebenzisele ukuba ngowuphi umsebenzi. Inxalenye yotyalo-mali inokufuna ukugqitywa okubanzi kwe-CNC, ngelixa icandelo le-MIM elenziwe kakuhle linokufuna umhlaba omnye obalulekileyo okanye umngxuma owenziweyo kwakhona.
Ukuhambelana kwezinto kungenye impumelelo. Xa uqala nge-homogenous feedstock, inxalenye ye-sintered isotropic kwiipropati zayo zomatshini. Akukho cala lokuhamba okuziinkozo njengasematshinini, akukho mngcipheko wemingxuma eyodwa yokucutheka njengakwindawo yokuphosa ukuba isango lokungena alifezekanga. Kwinxalenye ephantsi koxinzelelo olunamacala amaninzi, olu luncedo olukhulu loyilo.
I-Mindset ye-Tooling: Ayisiyo iPlastiki Mold
Lo ngumgibe weklasikhi. Iinjineli ezinamava okubumba inaliti yeplastiki zijonga kwi-MIM kwaye zicinge, Singakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanayo. I-shrinkage ngumahluko obulalayo. Ukucutheka kweplastiki mhlawumbi ku-0.5-2%. I-MIM sintering shrinkage inkulu nge-15-20%, kwaye ayingqalanga ngokugqibeleleyo. Uyila umgodi wesixhobo esiluguqulelo olunyusiweyo lwenxalenye yokugqibela, kodwa into yokulinganisa ayifani kuyo yonke imilinganiselo. Kuxhomekeke kwi-particle yokupakisha ngexesha lokubumba kunye nokuthintela ngexesha lokucoca.
Ukunxiba izixhobo nazo kwahlukile. Loo feedstock metal abrasive powder iya kutshabalalisa intsimbi ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi kwiikona eziqinileyo kunye namasango amancinci. Udinga izixhobo ezinzima zentsimbi, ukupolisha ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, uyila ubomi obufutshane besixhobo ukusuka ekuqaleni kwimibhobho ephezulu, ukucwangcisa ukulungiswa kwakhona. Ziindleko ezinkulu ekufuneka zihlawulwe ngokuchanekileyo. Isixhobo esincinci siya kuvelisa iindawo ezincinci, ezingahambelaniyo ezingaphumeleliyo kwi-QC, zichithe zonke izinto kunye neendleko zenkqubo ezantsi.
Ukungenisa umoya kubaluleke kakhulu. Awujongani nomoya nje; ujongene nomoya uzama ukuqhwesha ngebhedi egcweleyo. Ukungonelanga kweendawo zokungenisa umoya kukhokelela ekutshisweni, ukudubula okufutshane, kunye nokwahluka kobuninzi. Yenye yezo nkcukacha ufunda kuphela ngokubona amakhulu ambalwa okudubula kunye nokulinganisa ukugeleza kokungunda (okukhohlisayo kumgubo) kunye neziphene zokwenyani.
Ukudityaniswa kunye neNgxowa-mali yoBonelelo lwehlabathi lokwenyani
Uyifumene kakuhle inkqubo. Unokwenza i-MIM entle, inxalenye ye-MIM. Ngoku kuthweni? Ayifane ingene kwivacuum. Iyadityaniswa. Kulapho irabha idibana khona nendlela. Isixhobo se-MIM esenziwe nge-MIM sinokudinga ukuthungwa ngomnatha nge-CNC-machine shaft. Isiphelo somphezulu senxalenye ye-MIM njenge-sintered ilungile, kodwa ayisoloko ifanelekile kwitywina eliguqukayo. Unokufuna i-tumble elula, isiphelo sokungcangcazela, okanye i-plating ekhethiweyo.
Oku kungamandla omboneleli wenkonzo epheleleyo. Jonga imodeli ye-QSY: banayo CNC Machining endlwini. Oko kuthetha ukuba inxalenye ye-MIM inokutshizwa, emva koko uye ngqo kwisikhululo se-CNC ukuze ibhore ebaluleke kakhulu ibanjwe kukunyamezelana, okanye ubuso bedatum bucolwe ukulungelelaniswa kwendibano. Oku kudityaniswa ngokuthe nkqo kusombulula ingxaki ye-classic-off-off phakathi kwendlu ye-MIM kunye nevenkile yomatshini, apho ukunyamezela ukupakisha kunye nokulibaziseka kokucwangcisa kubulala inzuzo.
Ulawulo lomgangatho nalo lufuna le mbono idibeneyo. Awenzi nje ukukhangela i-CMM kwindawo ene-sintered. Ujonga uxinaniso (usoloko usebenzisa indlela ye-Archimedes), uhlalutyo lwemicrograph ye-porosity, kunye novavanyo lomatshini. Idatha esuka kolu vavanyo ibuyela kwiiparamitha zesithando somlilo kunye nakwibhetshi yokuxuba i-feedstock. Yinkqubo evaliweyo, kwaye ukwaphula loo loop ngokukhuphela ngaphandle amanyathelo angundoqo kudla ngokwaphula ukungaguquguquki.
Iingcinga zokugqibela: Inkqubo, hayi iPanacea
Ukugqiba oku, ukubumba inaliti yomgubo wesinyithi asiyombumbulu yomlingo. Yinkqubo efuna imali eninzi evuza ukuqonda okunzulu kwenzululwazi kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo enobuchule. Ixabiso layo alikho ekubeni lolona khetho luphantsi, kodwa ekubeni lolona khetho lunokwenzeka kudidi oluthile lwamalungu. Iinkampani eziphumelelayo ngayo, ngokombono wam, zezo zingayiboni njengeqhinga elizimeleyo, kodwa njengesixhobo esinye kwisixhobo sokwenza esibanzi-njengendlela i-QSY ibeka ngayo ukuphosa, umatshini, kunye nokwandisa, amandla e-MIM anokubakho kunye.
Ikamva? Ikumgubo ocolekileyo ukuze kugqitywe umphezulu ongcono, kwimijikelo ekhawulezayo yokudityaniswa, kunye nakwisoftware yokulinganisa eyomeleleyo. Kodwa owona mceli mngeni ungundoqo uhlala ufana: ukulawula uhambo lomgubo wesinyithi ukusuka kwindawo ekhululekileyo, equkuqelayo yokutya ukuya kwindawo exineneyo, ephezulu yentembeko yesinyithi. Inyathelo ngalinye, ukusuka kuyilo lokubumba ukuya kwiziko, likhonkco kwikhonkco. Kwaye njengoko nayiphi na ingcali isazi, ikhonkco lomelele kuphela njengekhonkco eliqondwa kakubi.
Libala elinika umdla ngokuchanekileyo kuba alikaze lisonjululwe. Yonke inxalenye entsha yejometri, isicelo ngasinye esitsha se-alloy, yiphazili entsha. Kwaye yiloo nto eyigcinayo ekubeni ngomnye umgca wemveliso-ihlala iyinxalenye yesayensi, inxalenye yobugcisa, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki kwivenkile.
