Masiyinqumle loo ngxolo. Xa abantu besiva iStellite 6, bahlala becinga ukuba yimbumbulu yomlingo—yiqhwabe nje kuyo nayiphi na indawo kwaye uyibize ngokuba lusuku. Yimpazamo enkulu leyo. Yingxubevange ye-cobalt-chromium emnandi, ewe, idume ngokuxhathisa i-galling, ukunxiba kwentsimbi ukuya kwintsimbi, kunye nokubamba umda kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Kodwa ukucacisa kunye nomatshini I-Stellite 6 iinxalenye ayingomsebenzi wokukhangela ibhokisi; luthotho lwezigqibo ezenziwe ngabom, ngamanye amaxesha ziyakhathaza. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi kakhulu apho i-material yakhethwa kuba yayiyeyona inzima okanye eyona nto ingagugiyo kwitshati, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela inyani yokuvelisa okanye eyona ndlela yokusilela. Ayisiyonto nje; kukuzibophelela kwitsheyini yenkqubo ethile.
Inyani Yokuyenza
Awuvele u-odole iStellite 6 njenge-304 engenabala. Ikhonkco lokubonelela lahlukile. Sithetha malunga nabasunguli abakhethekileyo kunye noomatshini abaqonda ukusabela okugqithisileyo kunye nokuziphatha kwezinto. Kwasekuqaleni, sazama ukuyiphatha njengentsimbi eqinile. Impazamo enkulu. Kwiprototype yesitulo sevalve, siye sahamba nendlu yotyalo-mali eqhelekileyo. Isiphumo? I-Micro-cracking kunye nobunzima obungahambelaniyo. Isifundo sasikhohlakele: inkqubo yokuphosa i-cobalt-based alloys sisilo sayo. Ayikokunyibilika nokugalela nje; imalunga nolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu kunye nokuqonda ukuba i-alloy iqina njani. Apha kulapho iqabane elinamava anzulu ngemathiriyeli ethile liba lingaxoxiswana.
Ndibe nethamsanqa elingcono ngeevenkile ezidwelisa ngokucacileyo iialloyi ezikhethekileyo njengobuchule obungundoqo. Umzekelo, umthengisi uthanda Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ikhankanya ukusebenza kunye ne-cobalt-based alloys kanye kwi-intro yabo. Ngumqondiso lowo. Inkampani ebisenza izinto kunye nokwenza oomatshini ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 kusenokwenzeka ukuba iyibonile imigibe. Abanikeli nje I-Stellite 6 iinxalenye; kufuneka (kufuneka) banike ulwazi lwenkqubo ukubenza basebenze. I-shell mold kunye ne-investment casting abayidwelisa ifanelekile, kodwa usathana ukwiparameters zale alloy ethile.
Icala lomatshini lelinye ihlabathi. Ucinga ukuba wenze izixhobo ezinzima de uzame ukujika okanye ukugaya i-Stellite 6 kwimeko yayo yokuqina, njenge-cast-cast. Ihleka i-carbide eqhelekileyo. Sitshise izixhobo kumsebenzi we-lathe ngaphambi kokuba sitshintshele kwiiseto eziqinileyo, isantya esicothayo, kunye namabakala azinikeleyo e-carbide. Nalapho, yinkqubo yokusila ngaphezu kokusikwa. Injongo kukususa izinto ngaphandle kokwenza uxinzelelo lwe-thermal olunokukhokelela kwiintanda. Iyacotha, iyabiza, kwaye ifuna umatshini ohoyayo, hayi ukuqhuba inkqubo.
Apho iKhanya khona ngokwenene (kwaye apho ingakhanyisi khona)
Ulibale incwadana enemifanekiso. Ixabiso lokwenyani le-Stellite 6 likwimeko ethile, eyohlwayayo. Thatha ivalve yesango elibukhali kwi-oyile kunye negesi-apho unokuvalwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukhukuliseko lwenxalenye, kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisekile rhoqo. Apha, indibaniselwano yayo yokumelana nomhlwa (ayilunganga njenge-nickel alloys, kodwa enesidima) kunye nokumelana okukhethekileyo kokuncamathelisa kunye nokugalela akunakuthelekiswa. Sayisebenzisela icandelo elibalulekileyo levalvu ephantsi kokhukuliseko lwesanti; yaphuma yaqina i-17-4PH nge-factor of five. Nantso ke impumelelo.
Kodwa lukhetho olungalunganga lwempembelelo. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yepleyiti yokunxiba yesityumza samatye. Umntu othile uchaze umaleko weStellite 6. Yasilela ngokuyintlekele-ukuqhekeka kunye ne-spalling phantsi kwempembelelo ephindaphindiweyo yamandla aphezulu. Yindlela yokungaphumeleli brittle. Siye satshintshela kwizinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nempembelelo, kwaye ingxaki yaphela. Undoqo kukufumanisa indlela yokunxiba. Ngaba i-abrasive sliding? Ubushushu obuphezulu bentsimbi ukuya kwintsimbi? Ukonakala kunye nokukrala okukhanyayo? I-Stellite 6 iqaqambile kwezi zimbini zokuqala, iphakathi kwi-corrosion ecocekileyo, kwaye imbi kwimpembelelo enzima.
I-Nitty-Gritty yeNgcaciso kunye noNyamezelo
Awunako ukuthumela nje umzobo ngeMaterial: Stellite 6. Loo nto ibuza ingxaki. Inkcazo kufuneka iqiniswe. Ngaba ubhekisa kwi-ASTM F75 (inguqulelo eqhelekileyo)? Loluphi uluhlu lobunzima obufunekayo? As-cast? Okanye isisombululo se-annealed kwaye sikhulile? Iimpawu zoomatshini kunye nokutshintsha kokumelana nokunxiba ngonyango lobushushu. Kwisicelo seringi yokutywina, sifunde kabuhlungu ukuba ukucacisa i-HRC 40-45 akwanelanga. Sifumene iinxalenye kwi-HRC 42, kodwa i-microstructure yayingalunganga, ikhokelela kwi-micro-pitting ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngoku, sicacisa umgangatho we-ASTM kunye nemfuneko ye-micrographic yokusabalalisa i-carbide.
Ukunyamezelwa kweDimensional kuvuliwe I-Stellite 6 iinxalenye idinga ukukhangela yokwenyani. Ngenxa yobunzima bayo bomatshini, ukubamba ukunyamezela ± 0.0005 kububanzi obukhulu akubizi nje; isoloko ingenzeki ngenxa yokukhululeka koxinzelelo kunye nenkqubo yokusila. Siyila umsebenzi, sivumela ukunyamezelana okubanzi apho kunokwenzeka kwaye sichaza ukutywinwa okubalulekileyo okanye ukukhwelana ngokucacileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kububulumko ukuyila i-substrate yentsimbi engatyiwayo ene-Stellite 6 weld overlay okanye ufake ngokuchanekileyo apho ukunxitywa kwenzeka khona. Le ndlela ye-hybrid yayitshintsha umdlalo kumkhono omkhulu wempompo esisebenze kuwo, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nexesha lokukhokela ngokumangalisayo.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu yenye inqaku elichuliweyo. Ukugqitywa kwesipili akusoloko kulungile. Kwezinye iinkqubo zokunxiba zokutyibilika, ugqibo olulawulwayo, olubhalwe kancinci ukusuka ekusileni lunokunceda ukugcina ukuthambisa. Sichaza uRa, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha sibandakanya inqaku kwisalathiso esihambelana nesindululo. Zezi nkcukacha zincinci, eziqhutywa ngamava ezahlula indawo esebenza kwenye ehlala ihleli.
Iintsilelo kunye neZifundo ezifundiweyo
Eyona ntsilelo yam endiyikhumbulayo yayiyiseti yeencakuba zokucheba ezishushu. Sichaze iStellite 6 eqinileyo, i-investment cast, emva koko umhlaba ochanekileyo. Baqhube kakuhle... malunga nemijikelo engama-20. Kwandula ke, kwanwenwa ukuqhekeka okuyintlekele kumngxuma onyukayo. Uhlalutyo lwe-post-mortem lubonise ukuba umcimbi wawungeyonto ibonakalayo; yayiluyilo. Sasinekona yangaphakathi ebukhali (i-concentrator yoxinzelelo) ecaleni kwendawo yokubambelela. Kwizinto eziqinileyo, ezibuthathaka, oko kukuqhekeka okulindelwe ukwenzeka. Ukulungiswa kwaba lula: irediyasi enesisa ekuyilweni ngokutsha. Isifundo besinzulu: uyilo lokwenziwa kokwenziwa lubalulekile, kodwa ngeealloyi zangaphandle, kufuneka uyile indlela yokuziphatha ebonakalayo. Awukwazi nje ukufaka uyilo lwentsimbi ngaphezulu.
Esinye isifundo sibandakanya unikezelo lwenkonzo elubala. Sakhe safumana iinxalenye ezidibana nazo zonke ii-dimensional specs kodwa zasilela phambi kwexesha. Kwafumaniseka ukuba umthengisi ubeke endaweni yealloyi yecobalt efanayo ukonga iindleko. Ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso semathiriyeli kunye nomthombo othembekileyo onokulandeleka, ubhabha uyimfama. Ngoku, sinyanzelisa iicerts ze-mill zealloy ekrwada kwaye sihlala sijonga i-spectroscopy. Themba, kodwa qinisekisa. Yiyo loo nto kusekwe imisebenzi enerekhodi elide, njengoko kuchaziwe QSY kunye neminyaka engamashumi amathathu, inokubonelela ngokuzithemba ngakumbi-banodumo lokuxhasa ngapha nangapha ukubunjwa kweqokobhe labo, ukuphosa utyalo-mali, kunye neenkonzo zomatshini we-CNC, kunye nokutshintshwa kwezinto eziphathekayo yindlela ekhawulezayo yokonakalisa oko.
Owona mceli mngeni mkhulu uqhubekayo kukulungiswa kweendleko. I-Stellite 6 iyabiza-impahla ekrwada, ukubunjwa okukhethekileyo, umatshini onzima. Kufuneka ubonise ixabiso layo ngexabiso elipheleleyo le-lifecycle cost: ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla, utshintsho olumbalwa, ukunyuka kokhuseleko. Kwivalve yemveliso eqhelekileyo, igqithile. Kulowo ungafikelelekiyo emazantsi equla elinzulu lolwandle, lukhetho kuphela. Ukwenza ukuba imeko yeshishini, kunye nedatha yokwenyani evela kwizilingo zentsimi, yinxalenye yomsebenzi.
Ukuyisonga: Umbono wePragmatic
Ngoko ke, yintoni i-takeway? I-Stellite 6 iinxalenye sisixhobo esinamandla, kodwa ayisosisombululo sehlabathi. Bafuna intlonipho kuyo yonke le nkqubo: ukusuka ekuxilongeni ngokuchanekileyo kwendlela yokunxiba, ukuyila elungiselelwe iimpawu ze-alloy, ukusebenzisana nomenzi wezinto owaziqonda ngokwenene ubucukubhede be-alloys esekwe kwi-cobalt ngokuphosa kunye nasemva kokulungiswa. Yintsebenziswano phakathi kobunjineli kunye nemveliso.
Musa ukuhendwa ziipropathi zephepha ledatha kuphela. Cinga ngokusila, ukunyangwa kobushushu, iindleko zenxalenye echithiweyo ngenxa yeenkcukacha zoyilo ongakhange uzihoye. Qala ngenkcazo yengxaki ecacileyo: Sifuna icandelo elisindayo kwimo engqongileyo engu-X, kunye nohlobo lwe-Y lokunxiba, kumjikelo we-Z. Ukuba impendulo yalatha kwi-Stellite 6, ke qhubeka unamehlo avuleke kakhulu kwizinto zokwenyani zokwenziwa. Yimathiriyeli evuza ngocoselelo, isicelo esinolwazi kwaye sibohlwaye iintelekelelo. Kwindawo elungileyo, kwindawo elungileyo, ixabisa yonke ipeni kunye nayo yonke intwana yentloko.
