Jonga, xa abantu abaninzi besiva i-'MIM metal injection molding', bacinga ukuba yimbumbulu ethile yomlingo yokwenza iintsimbi ezintsonkothileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi. Iincwadana zenza ukuba kuvakala ngathi ugalela umgubo kumatshini kwaye kuphuma icandelo eligqityiweyo. Leyo yeyona mbono iphosakeleyo. Enyanisweni, yinkqubo yokulalanisa rhoqo kunye nokugweba okungafaniyo. Akusoloko kuyimpendulo eyiyo, kwaye ukwazi ixesha lokuhamba kubaluleke njengokwazi ukuqhuba umsebenzi. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zisilela ngenxa yokuba umntu uzame ukunyanzela iMIM apho ibingeyoyakhe, ihendwa sisithembiso somthamo ophezulu kunye nobume bomnatha.
Umdaniso ongundoqo: I-Feedstock, i-Tooling, kunye ne-Sintering Gamble
Intliziyo ye Ukubumba inaliti yentsimbi ye-MIM ayisiyiyo into yokubumba—yimfuyo. Ukufumana loo mdibaniso womgubo wesinyithi ocolekileyo kunye nesibophelelo esichanekileyo ku-alchemy ngaphezu kwenzululwazi. Ukuphambuka kwe-2% ekulayisheni umgubo kunokonakalisa uzinzo lwe-dimensional post-sintering. Sakhe safumana ukutya okusemgangathweni kwe-17-4 PH kumthengisi omtsha wesixhobo sotyando. Yayibunjwe kakuhle, kodwa ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwayo, inkqubo yokudityaniswa kwayo yaqhekeka, nto leyo eyabangela intlekele yokuwa ezikweni lomlilo. Eso yayisisifundo sesixhobo se-$40k esifundiweyo: ungaze ucinge ukuba i-feedstock yinto yorhwebo.
Kwaye isixhobo ... sisilo esahlukileyo kunobumba benaliti yeplastiki. Uyila i-20-25% ye-shrinkage, kodwa ayikho isotropic. Iyatshintsha ngenxalenye yejometri, ubukhulu bodonga, kunye nendlela i-feedstock ehamba ngayo kumngxunya. Sasinesibiyeli senzwa ye-aerospace, indawo ende, ebhityileyo. Izithonga zokuqala zaphuma kubumba zigqibelele, kodwa emva kokuntywila, zajija njengebhanana. Ulungiso lwalungekho ezikweni; ibikukongeza okuchubekileyo, ukugoba okuchasene nokuqonda kumgodi wokungunda ngokwawo. Awuyila indawo, uyila inguqulelo egqwethiweyo yangaphambili.
I-Sintering kulapho intsimbi ibumba ngokwenene, kwaye lelona nyathelo liphezulu. Iprofayili yobushushu, umoya (i-hydrogen, i-nitrogen-argon mix), kunye nexesha zonke zibalulekile. Ukukhawuleza kakhulu kwirempu yerempu, ufumana iziphene zokubilisa. Iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi kakhulu, ushiywe nesakhiwo esinemingxuma, esibuthathaka. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yentsimbi yokutshixa izikhonkwane zomthengi womatshini onzima. Baphumelele zonke iitshekhi ezibonakalayo kunye ne-dimensional kodwa basilela kuvavanyo lwentsimi-i-brittle fracture. Oyena nobangela? I-thermocouple drift kwi-sintering drift yenza indawo ebandayo ye-30 ° C. Amalungu ayejongeka njengentsimbi kodwa awazange adityaniswe ngokupheleleyo. Nantso inxalenye efihlakeleyo yeMIM; isiphene sinokungcwatywa nzulu kwi-microstructure.
Apho I-MIM Ikhanya (Kwaye Apho Ingaveliyo)
Ngoko nini ukubumba inaliti yentsimbi iyavakala? Iqaqambile kwiindawo ezincinci, ezintsonkothileyo, ezinomthamo ophezulu ezinokubulala kumatshini. Cinga iindibano zegiya ezineentambo zangaphakathi, unxibelelwano lweenqwelomoya ezininzi, okanye izinto ezinee-undercuts kunye neendonga ezincinci. Impumelelo yakudala yayilicandelo le-titanium alloy kwisixhobo sonyango esinxitywayo. Ukuyicocisa ukusuka kwisiqina kwakubiza kakhulu kwaye kuyinkcitho. I-MIM isenze saya kutsho kuma-95% emilo eshiyekileyo, ifuna kuphela umatshini obalulekileyo ogqityiweyo. Umthamo (ama-200k+ ngonyaka) wathethelela i-NRE yezixhobo kunye nophuhliso lwenkqubo.
Kodwa nali icala. Ukuba inxalenye yakho ilula-isiseko se-spacer okanye isibiyeli esisicaba-libala i-MIM. Isitampu okanye i-CNC iya kuba nexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Kwakhona, ukuba ufuna iipropathi zoomatshini ezigqithisileyo, njengawona mandla okugqibela ezinto ezenziweyo, iMIM inokuwa mfutshane. Inkqubo ye-sintering, ngelixa idala ingxinano ekufutshane-egcweleyo, isashiya i-microstructure eyahlukileyo kwintsimbi eyenziweyo. Kuye kwafuneka sithethe umxhasi ukuba angasebenzisi i-MIM kwiphini lokucheba elibalulekileyo, elinefuthe eliphezulu kwisixhobo somngxuma. Umngcipheko wesiphene se-sintering esinqabileyo ubungafanelekanga, nokuba kuhlolwe i-MPI eyi-100%.
I-Machining Handshake: Kutheni i-Post-Processing ihlala ingaxoxiswana
Apha kulapho isithembiso se-net-shape sifikelela kwinyani. Amalungu amaninzi e-MIM afuna imisebenzi yesibini. Umngxuma unokufuna ukuphinda uhlaziywe ngendlela echanekileyo yokunyamezela i-H7, okanye umphezulu wokutywina unokufuna ukucolwa. Yiyo loo nto amandla e-MIM evenkileni alungile kuphela njengenkxaso esezantsi. Ndisebenze namaqabane afana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Imvelaphi yabo ayikho nje ngaphakathi MIM; ingaphakathi utyalo mali kunye nokuchaneka CNC Machining. Ibalulekile loo nto. Bafumanisa ukuba inxalenye edibeneyo ayisosiphelo. Banokujonga icandelo le-MIM kwaye bazi ukuba yeyiphi idatum ekufuneka bayibambe ukuze basebenze, ukuba uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lunokuchaphazela njani ukusikwa, kwaye nokuba uphawu lufezekiswa ngcono kumngundo okanye kwilathe kamva. Kuluhlu lweepleyiti zevalve ye-cobalt-chromium esizenzileyo, imfuno yokucaba ibingaphaya kokukwazi ukuthambisa. Iqela le-QSY licebise uyilo olulula lwe-MIM kunye nesitokhwe esigqithileyo, abathi emva koko bacace gca. Isiphumo sasigqibelele, kwaye iindleko zaziphantsi kunokuzama ukufezekisa ukunyamezela okungenakwenzeka.
Ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo ludlala indima enkulu apha. I-MIM ibamba uluhlu olubanzi-ukusuka kwisiqhelo iintsimbi ezingenasici ukuya kwamanye amazwe ialloys esekwe nickel. Kodwa machinability post-sintering iyahluka ngokwahlukileyo. A 316L inxalenye stainless oomatshini lula. I-sintered tungsten enzima ialloy? Libali elahlukileyo elo, elifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye neeparamitha. Kufuneka ucwangcise yonke ikhonkco lokuvelisa, kungekhona nje inyathelo lokubumba.
Iintsilelo kunye neZifundo ezizinyathela Kuwe
Ufunda ngakumbi kumgqomo olahliweyo kunencwadi yokufunda. Kwangoko, siye salandela iprojekthi yenxalenye ye-MIM ye-aluminium entsonkothileyo. Ephepheni, kwakufanelekile: iziteshi zokupholisa eziyinkimbinkimbi, umthamo ophezulu. Kodwa i-aluminium powder yi-pyrophoric, i-oxide layer yayo i-nightmare ye-sintering, kwaye i-shrinkage ayinakucingelwa ngakumbi. Iprojekthi idle iinyanga kunye neebhetshi ezingenakubalwa ngaphambi kokuba siyibulale. Umxhasi utshintshele kwi-a iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa inkqubo yaloo aloyi ethile kunye nejometri. Yayisisikhumbuzo esithobekileyo sokuba iMIM yinxalenye yomgubo wesinyithi, hayi indawo yendalo yonke yazo zonke ezinye iitekhnoloji zokubumba.
Enye imowudi yokusilela echuliweyo yi-cosmetic. Kwicandelo lezindlu zombane womthengi, umphezulu we-as-sintered wawunobumba obuncinci, obu-orenji-peel. Yayisebenza kakuhle, kodwa ngokobuhle yayingamkelekanga kwisicelo. Ukupolisha kwakubiza kakhulu. Kwafuneka silungelelanise ukusabalalisa ubungakanani be-powder particle size kunye ne-sintering atmosphere ukuze sifezekise indawo epholileyo ngaphandle kwesithando somlilo, eyongeza iindleko kunye nexesha lokujikeleza. I-takeway? Ukugqitywa komphezulu luphawu ekufuneka kuxoxwe ngalo kwasekuqaleni, hayi ingcinga esemva.
Umbono oqinisekileyo: uHlanganiso kunye noVavanyo olunyanisekileyo
Ukuqhubela phambili, ixabiso le Ukubumba inaliti yentsimbi ye-MIM ayikho kwindawo engenanto. Amandla ayo kukuba sisixhobo esinye kwipotfoliyo yokuvelisa ngokubanzi. Ivenkile enokubonelela nge-MIM kumbindi onzima, CNC Machining kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo, kwaye mhlawumbi utyalo mali kwiiprototypes ezinkulu, ibonelela ngexabiso lobuchule lokwenyani. Ivumela ukhetho olunyanisekileyo lwenkqubo olusekwe kwiimfuno zokwenyani zecandelo-ijometri, imathiriyeli, ubuninzi, kunye neendleko-hayi nje ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezikwisakhiwo.
Kwiinjineli eziyila indawo entsha, ingcebiso yam ecacileyo yile: zibandakanya neqabane lakho lemveliso kwinqanaba lengcinga. Bazise umzobo. Yiba ngaphambili malunga nomthamo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza. Iqabane elilungileyo, elinesiseko esinzulu kunye neengcambu zobuchwephesha njengoko ubona kuyo QSY, iya kukuxelela ukuba i-MIM ifanelekile okanye ukuba uncedwa ngcono yi- iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwi intsimbi okanye ibillet eyenziwe ngoomatshini ye intsimbi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba bayibonile yonke loo nto. Injongo asikokuthengisa ngeMIM; kukufumana inxalenye ethembekileyo, engabizi kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, loo ndlela ikhokelela ngqo kumatshini wokubumba inaliti. Amaxesha amaninzi ayenzi njalo. Ukuqaphela umahluko yinto eyahlula abafundi bencwadana kubantu abachithe iminyaka befumana ivumba le-feedstock efudumele kunye nesithando somlilo esiphuma kwiingubo zabo.
