I-ASTM A747 iNkcazelo yokuCasa: amaBanga, iiPropati zoomatshini kunye neeNkqubo 

Xa iinjineli zikhetha iindawo zokuphosa intsimbi engenasici kwinkonzo yomthwalo ophezulu kunye nokuvezwa kwe-corrosion ephakathi, i-ASTM A747 yenye yeyona migangatho yezixhobo ezichazwe rhoqo. I-ASTM A747 igubungela imvula-yokwenza lukhuni ukulahlwa kwentsimbi engenakutyiwa, udidi lwe iinxalenye zentsimbi ezihambisa indibaniselwano elungeleleneyo yamandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obulawulekayo kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa. Ngokungafaniyo ne-austenitic stainless steel castings eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-CF8M, ezi ngxubevange ziphuhlisa ukusebenza okuphezulu koomatshini ngokuphathwa kobushushu obulawulwayo, endaweni yokuthembela kuphela ekomelezeni-isisombululo esiluqilima. Esi sikhokelo sibandakanya umda osemgangathweni, amabakala akhoyo, imida yoomatshini, ukuziphatha kokutya, imithetho yonyango lobushushu, usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo kunye neengqwalaselo ezingundoqo zokukhangela kwi-ASTM A747 castings.

Yintoni i-ASTM A747?

I-ASTM A747 yinkcazo esemgangathweni ye-ASTM yemvula-eyenza lukhuni ukugalelwa kwentsimbi engenasici. Ichaza iimfuno zokwakheka kweekhemikhali, iipropathi zoomatshini, unyango lobushushu, uvavanyo, ukuhlolwa kunye nokumakishwa kwamacandelo enziwe kule ntsapho ye-alloy.

Lo mgangatho usebenza kumalungu atyhidiweyo enziwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo yokuphosa, kubandakanywa utyalo-mali. Ijolise kumacandelo afuna amandla angaphezulu kunesiqhelo i-austenitic stainless castings ngelixa igcina ukusebenza okusebenzayo kokumelana ne-corrosion. I-ASTM A747 iyayenza hayi inshorensi yemvula-eyenza lukhuni iimveliso zensimbi engenasici. Kananjalo ayibandakanyi i-cast austenitic, i-ferritic kunye ne-martensitic amabakala angenasici achazwe phantsi kwemigangatho eyahlukileyo efana ne-ASTM A351.

Abaqulunqi bahlala bechaza i-ASTM A747 kwimizobo yobunjineli ye-valve trim, izixhobo zempompo kunye ne-hardware yesakhiwo evezwe kwindawo epholileyo ukuya kweyona ndawo iphakathi.

Inqaku lokuqinisekisa: Qinisekisa inombolo yohlaziyo ye-ASTM A747 yamva nje esebenzayo kunye nesihloko esisemthethweni esigcweleyo somgangatho phambi kokuba ukhuphe imizobo yokugqibela.

I-ASTM A747 amaBanga aMgangatho amaBanga aPhakathi

I-ASTM A747 ichaza ulungelelwaniso lwemvula-ukuqina komgangatho wokuphosa intsimbi engenasici. Ibakala ngalinye libonisa ukwakheka kweekhemikhali okuqhelekileyo ukufikelela kwibhalansi ethile yamandla, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nomhlwa emva kokuqina kweminyaka.

Amabanga achongwa ngokwezikhundla eziqhelekileyo. Amanqaku amaninzi afakwe phantsi kwe-ASTM A747 alingana nokugalelwa kweealloyi ezaziwayo-kakuhle zemvula. Nangona kunjalo, i-microstructures kunye nemida yepropathi iyahluka koogxa bawo owenziweyo kwaye ayikwazi ukuphathwa njengento etshintshisanayo.

• Amabanga adityaniswa ngokwamanqanaba okuqina ekujoliswe kuwo
• Izinto ezidibeneyo ezibandakanya ubhedu, i-niobium kunye ne-molybdenum zivumela ukusabela kwemvula.
• Ukhetho lwebakala kufuneka luhlale ludityaniswe nemeko echaziweyo yonyango lobushushu

Inqaku lokuqinisekisa: Fumana uluhlu olupheleleyo lwebakala elisemthethweni kuxwebhu lwangoku lwe-ASTM A747 lomsebenzi osesikweni.

IiPropati zeMechanical ze-ASTM A747 Castings

Iimpawu zoomatshini ze-ASTM A747 zentsimbi eziphonsiweyo zixhomekeke kakhulu kwimeko yonyango lokushisa olusetyenzisiweyo. Ibakala elifanayo libuyisela amandla okuqina ahluke kakhulu, ukomelela kwesivuno, iziphumo zobude kunye nobulukhuni xa zivavanywa kwimeko yokufumana isisombululo ngokuchasene nemeko yabantu abadala.

Iipropati ziqinisekiswa kusetyenziswa amakhuphoni ovavanyo ahlukeneyo okanye iibhloko zovavanyo zabameli ezilandela imigaqo yesampulu kumgangatho. Ulwamkelo lugwetywa ngokwexabiso eliphantsi elifunekayo endaweni yamaxabiso ekujoliswe kuwo.

Inqaku leTheyibhile: Itheyibhile engezantsi yithempleyithi. Gcwalisa zonke iiseli ezinamaxabiso asemthethweni asemthethweni ukusuka kuhlaziyo olusebenzayo lwe-ASTM A747 phambi kokusetyenziswa kobugcisa. Musa ukufaka endaweni yedatha yepropathi esebenzayo 17-4 PH kwiimfuno zokusa.

Ezi mpawu ziphezulu zenza i-ASTM A747 intsimbi yokuphosa intsimbi engenasici ifanelekileyo kumacandelo alayishiweyo apho i-CF8 okanye i-CF8M i-castings ingahlangabezani neemfuno zamandla esivuno.

Ukunyangwa kokuNjiswa kwe-ASTM A747 yokuCasa ngeNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo

Iintsimbi ze-ASTM A747 ze-ASTM A747 zokuqina kwezulu zinika ukuxhathisa okuthembakeleyo kokutya kwindawo epholileyo kunye nephakathi, kodwa azihambelani nokusebenza kwe-alloy high-alloy austenitic okanye super duplex cast stainless steels.

Ukusebenza kwe-Corrosion kumiselwa yi-chemistry yebakala, umgangatho wonyango lobushushu, ukugqiba komphezulu kunye nokusingqongileyo kwenkonzo:

• Ifanele amanzi acocekileyo, ukuvezwa kwe-atmospheric, dilute organic acids kunye nenkonzo ye-chloride ephantsi
• Umngcipheko ophezulu wokugrumba kunye ne-crevice corrosion kwindawo egxininisiweyo yekloridi, i-brine okanye i-acidic eqinile.
• Ukuguga okungafanelekanga okanye ukugqithisa kunokunciphisa ukusebenza koomatshini kunye nokumelana nokubola kwendawo

Iinjineli ezininzi zibhekisa kumaxabiso e-PREN (i-Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number) xa kuhlolwa amabakala ngenkonzo ene-chloride.

Inqaku lokuqinisekisa: Qinisekisa amagqabantshintshi asemgangathweni kunye nommeli woluhlu lwereferensi ye-PREN kwibakala ngalinye le-ASTM A747.

IiMfuno zoNyango loBubushushu kwi-ASTM A747 Castings

Unyango lobushushu ayilonyathelo lokugqiba lokuzikhethela le-ASTM A747 yokusahlela. Kunyanzelekile ukufezekisa iipropathi zezinto ezichaziweyo. Umgangatho uchaza ulandelelwano lwamanqanaba amabini: unyango lwesisombululo olulandelwa yimvula yokuqina (ukuguga).

1. Unyango lwesisombululo: Ukuphosa kushushu phakathi koluhlu lobushushu obuchaziweyo kwaye lubanjwe ukunyibilikisa i-intermetallic precipitates kwi-matrix yesinyithi, emva koko ipholiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuvelisa i-microstructure ethambileyo, efanayo.
2. Ukuguga / ukuqina kwemvula: Ukuphosa kuphinda kufudunyezwe kwiqondo eliphantsi, elilawulwa ngokuqinileyo kwaye libanjwe. I-Fine precipitates yenza ngaphakathi kwi-matrix, iphakamisa amandla esivuno, amandla okuqina kunye nobunzima ngelixa inciphisa i-ductility.

Imijikelo eyahluka-hlukeneyo yokuguga ivelisa amanqanaba omelela ahlukeneyo kwibakala elinye. Imiyalelo yokuthenga kunye nemizobo yobunjineli kufuneka ichaze ngokucacileyo zombini ibakala kunye nemeko efunekayo yonyango lokushisa. Iicastings ezibonelelweyo ngaphandle komjikelo wokwaluphala ochanekileyo ziya kusilela iimvavanyo zokwamkelwa kwepropathi ngoomatshini.

Inqaku lokuqinisekisa: Qokelela amabhanti obushushu asemthethweni, ukubamba amaxesha kunye neemfuno zokupholisa kwibakala ngalinye kunye nemeko ukusuka kwi-ASTM A747.

Usetyenziso oluQhelekileyo lwezahlulo ze-ASTM A747 Cast Steel

I-ASTM A747 i-casting-resistant-resistant castings ikhethwa xa uyilo lufuna amandla omatshini aphezulu adityaniswe nokumelana nomhlwa okuphakathi. Amatyala okusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo ahamba nokuphathwa kwamanzi, izixhobo zamandla, umzi-mveliso jikelele kunye ne-oyile encedisayo kunye nezixhobo zegesi.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-ASTM A747 ziquka:

• Ii-impellers zokumpompa, ii-casings zempompo kunye nokunxiba imisesane
• Imizimba yevalvu, i-valve trim kunye neendawo zokuhlala
• I-hardware yokulawula ulwelo kunye namalungu okudibanisa
• Ukulahlwa kwesakhiwo esinomthwalo ophezulu ovezwe kukufuma okanye uhlaselo olungephi lwekhemikhali
• Iindibano ze-fastener zoomatshini kunye nezibiyeli ezifuna ubulukhuni kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa

Udonga olubhityileyo, oluchanekileyo oluphezulu lwala malungu luqhele ukwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-silica sol investment casting. Ukusaswa kolwakhiwo olunzima kunokusebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo zokuphosa xa ukugqiba komphezulu kunye neemfuno zokunyamezelana zingqongqo.

I-ASTM A747 vs Enye iMigangatho yeNtsimbi yeCast eqhelekileyo

Olona thelekiso lwenziwa ziinjineli yi-ASTM A747 ngokuchasene ne-ASTM A351 CF8M, nangona ezinye iinkcukacha ze-cast stainless zisetyenziswa kushishino.

• I-ASTM A747: Imvula-yokwenza lukhuni iicasts zentsimbi engenakutyiwa. Ihambisa isivuno esikhulu kunye namandla aqinile emva kokuguga; Ukumelana nomhlwa kuphakathi. Iimpawu zokugqibela zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kunyango lobushushu.
• I-ASTM A351 CF8M: I-Austenitic stainless steel casting (i-cast elingana ne-316). Amandla asezantsi, i-ductility egqwesileyo, ukuxhathisa okuzinzileyo kwe-corrosion; akukho nkqubo yobudala efunekayo.

Khetha i-ASTM A747 xa ukomelela okuphezulu okanye ubulukhuni kuyeyona mfuno iphambili kunye nenkonzo yomhlwa ithambile ukuya kumodareyitha. Khetha i-CF8M xa i-austenitic corrosion yokusebenza engaguqukiyo, ukuwelda kunye ne-ductility ithwala okuphambili okuphezulu kunamandla aphezulu.

Inqaku lokuqinisekisa: Iitheyibhile zepropathi ezijongayo ngokunqamlezayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxabiso othelekiso achanekile kuphononongo loyilo olusesikweni.

Iingqwalaselo eziPhambili xa kufunwa iiNdawo zokuCasa ngentsimbi ye-ASTM A747

Ukucaciswa okucacileyo xa kufunwa i-ASTM A747 intsimbi yokuphosa intsimbi engenasiphene inciphisa ukungaqondani kwekowuteshini, ukulibaziseka kwemveliso kunye nokulahlwa okukhatywayo.

• Dwelisa zombini ibakala kunye nemeko efunekayo yonyango lobushushu kwimizobo kunye nee-RFQs
• Cacisa iimfuno zamakhuphoni ovavanyo, i-NDT, uvavanyo loxinzelelo okanye ukuhlolwa komphezulu
• Qinisekisa ukuba i-Foundry iyaqonda ukuba yenziwe 17-4 PH ayinakuthathelwa indawo ngaphandle kwemvume yobunjineli esesikweni.
• Cacisa iimfuno zenkqubo yokuphosa: utyalo-mali (i-silica sol okanye iglasi yamanzi), ukuphosa isanti, okanye ezinye iindlela
• Funa izatifikethi zokulandeleka kunyango lobushushu; Iingxelo zovavanyo lomatshini kufuneka zihambelane nemeko echaziweyo yonyango lobushushu

Uninzi lweengxaki zomgangatho wokusaswa kwe-A747 zisuka kwiinkcukacha ezingaphelelanga, endaweni yokusebenza kakubi. Iimfuno zonyango lobushushu ezingacacanga ngoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Malunga ne-ASTM A747

Ngaba i-ASTM A747 inokudityaniswa?

I-ASTM A747 i-precipitation-hardening cast steel stainless can welded. Nangona kunjalo, i-welding iguqula i-microstructure yendawo kunye neempawu eziphathekayo. Imimandla ye-Weld ilahlekelwa yimeko yobunzima bobudala, kwaye unyango lobushushu emva kwe-weld lunokufuneka ukubuyisela ukusebenza okujoliswe kuko koomatshini. Iinkqubo ze-Weld kufuneka zifanelekele ibakala elithile kunye nesicelo senkonzo, kwaye abaqulunqi kufuneka balindele ukunciphisa amandla asekuhlaleni kwingingqi ye-weld.

Ngaba i-ASTM A747 iyafana naleyo yenziweyo 17-4 PH?

Hayi. Ngelixa amabakala amaninzi e-ASTM A747 elingana ne-17-4 PH, i-castings ibonisa i-microstructures eyahlukeneyo, imida yokungacoceki kunye neempawu ezincinci zomatshini ezichazwe ngumgangatho. Ukutshintshwa ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kweefomu zesamente kunye nezo zenziweyo kufuna imvume yobunjineli esesikweni.

Zeziphi iinkqubo zokuphosa ezifanelekileyo kwi-ASTM A747?

I-ASTM A747 ngokwayo ayigunyazisi inkqubo ethile yokuphosa. Ukuphosa utyalo-mali kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezichanekileyo ze-ASTM A747 zentsimbi yokuphosa intsimbi. Ukugalelwa kwesanti kukwasebenza kumacandelo amakhulu aneemfuno zedimensional ekhululekileyo, ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhono se-Foundry.

Ngaba i-ASTM A747 ingathatha indawo ye-CF8M?

Kuphela emva kokuba iqela loyilo livavanya amandla, i-ductility, indawo ye-corrosion, ukusebenza kwe-welding kunye nemiqobo yonyango lokushisa. I-ASTM A747 ibonelela ngamandla aphezulu, ukanti ayiphakami kwihlabathi liphela ekuxhathiseni umhlwa okanye ukuguquguquka kokwenziwa.

Ukuqukumbela

I-ASTM A747 yolona phawu luphambili lwemozulu-ukuqina kwentsimbi engatyiwayo. Olona ncedo lwayo luphambili kukukwazi ukufumana amandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima obulawulwayo ngokuqina kwemvula, ngelixa igcina ukuxhathisa okunokusebenziseka kokutya kwiindawo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso.

Ukucaciswa okuchanekileyo kunye nokukhangela kuxhomekeke kwiingongoma ezintathu eziphambili: ukukhetha ibakala elichanekileyo, ukucacisa imeko efunekayo yonyango lokushisa, kunye nokuqinisekisa i-Foundry ibonelela ngamaxwebhu ovavanyo oluhambelanayo. Ukusetyenziswa okudinga amandla aphezulu kunemigangatho ye-austenitic stainless castings, i-ASTM A747 i-stainless steel casting parts inikezela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo sobugcisa - ukubonelela indawo yenkonzo ihambelana nemida ye-corrosion ye-alloy.