Xa ubusoloko ujikeleze i-castings kunye noomatshini ixesha elide sise-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan, uphuhlisa ukuziva okuthile kwemathiriyeli. Inika umdla ukuba kukangaphi iindawo zesinyithi somgubo yiza kwiincoko nabaxumi befuna ezinye iindlela. Kukho uluvo oluqhelekileyo lokuba i-PM sisicombululo sengubo yanamhlanje, echanekileyo, enokuthi ingabizi kwaye isebenze ngakumbi kuneendlela zemveli ezinje ngondoqo wethu. iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa okanye utyalo mali. Ngamanye amaxesha yinyani leyo. Kodwa kaninzi kunokuba kunjalo, inyani ibuhlungu, kwaye ukhetho alucacanga kangako. Kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwisicelo esingaxoxisiyo: ingaba imalunga neejiyometri zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo, ukomelela kokugqibela phantsi kobushushu, okanye ixabiso elisulungekileyo ngenxalenye nganye kumthamo ophezulu? Ndizibonile iiprojekthi apho ukutshintshela kwi-PM yayilinyathelo eliqaqambileyo, kwaye abanye apho kukhokelele kwinkqubo ethe cwaka, ebiza imali eninzi yokuqinisekisa ukubuyisela ukuphosa okuqinileyo.
I-Conundrum yoKhetho lweMathiriyeli
Isonka sethu semihla ngemihla zizinyithi ezinje ngentsimbi ekhandiweyo, iintsimbi ezahlukahlukeneyo, kunye nezinto ezinzima—i-nickel-based and cobalt-based alloys. Ezi ziyanyibilika kwaye zigalelwe. Amalungu e-metallurgy yomgubo qala ukusuka kwindawo eyahlukileyo: umgubo wesinyithi ocolekileyo ucinezelwe kwaye ucolile. I-advanteji ekhawulezileyo ikufutshane-netha imilo yeejometri ezithile, ngakumbi ezo zinamanqanaba amaninzi okanye iimpawu ze-axial ezilula. Unokunciphisa umatshini, nto leyo esindisa ixabiso elikhulu. Sasinomthengi kanye kunye necandelo le-lever ephezulu, ekuqaleni yayiyindibano enesitampu kunye ne-welded. Baye bahlola i-PM, kwaye kuloo nxalenye, yayilungile. Ukuxinana kwakwanele, ukunyamezela kwabanjwa, kwaye ixabiso leqhekeza ngalinye lehla kakhulu. Yayivakala.
Kodwa ke ubetha imida. Xa ingxoxo ijikela kulwakhiwo olunomgangatho ophezulu wentembeko, okanye amacandelo ajongene nobushushu obuphezulu obuqhubekayo kunye nomhlwa-uthi, kwindawo engqonge i-iturbine okanye ukucutshungulwa kwemichiza ebukhali-izibalo ziyatshintsha. Iimathiriyeli ze-Sintered, nokuba zifakelwa okulandelayo (P/M forging), zinokusokola ukufanisa i-homogenous, i-microstructure engenasiphene ye-investment casting eyenziwe kakuhle, ngakumbi kwii-alloys zethu ezikhethekileyo. Kuhlala kukho loo porosity ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Ayisosiphene ngokuyimfuneko; yendalo. Kodwa ukuba inxalenye yakho ayinakho ukubanakho ukudityaniswa kwe-porosity phantsi koxinzelelo, ngoko nangoko ungqiyama ngasemva kwinkqubo yesinyithi etyhidiweyo.
Ndikhumbula uhlalutyo oluthile lokusilela esacelwa ukuba sibonisane ngalo. Isitulo sevalve yentsimbi engatyiwa sintered besingasebenzi kakuhle kwi corrosion, high-cycle application fatigue. Umba ulandelelwa emva koxinaniso olungahambelaniyo kwicandelo elithile elinqamlezileyo, umngeni we-PM wakudala, okhokelela kwindlela ekhethiweyo yokubola kunye nokuqaliswa kokuqhekeka. Isisombululo, emva kokubuya-kunye-phambili, ibingekuko ukutshintshela inkqubo ye-PM ngakumbi kodwa ukutshintshela kwi-CF8M echanekileyo yokuphosa ngokutyalwa kwemali. Inxalenye yeendleko zenyuka, kodwa ixabiso le-lifecycle yehla. Olo luhlobo lwesifundo esisebenzayo ongalibali.
Apho i-Cast and PM Diverge (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha idibana)
Oku akuthethi ukuba iteknoloji enye iphezulu. Imalunga nokufaneleka. Kwi-QSY, kumashumi eminyaka ethu iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali, sibona i-niche yethu ngokucacileyo. Kwiijiyometri ezintsonkothe ngendlela emangalisayo, ezinodonga olucekethekileyo kwezo ngxubevange zangaphandle, ukuphosa kuhlala kungabethwa. Cinga nge-impeller enamaphiko ajijekileyo, amile okwe-aerofoil. Ukuzama ukucinezela oko kumgubo kuyingozi; Ukuyiphosa kuqondwa kakuhle, ukuba kuthambile, ubugcisa. Umphezulu ogqityiweyo ovela kwiqokobhe leceramic elungileyo uqhelekile ukongamela kwindawo ene-sintered, ehlala ifuna imisebenzi yesibini.
Nangona kunjalo, ukugxotha u-PM kuya kuba bubudenge. Kwiimilo ezilula, ezilinganayo njengeegiya, iibhutsi, okanye iziqhagamshelo zemoto ezithile, i-PM ikholisa ukuba yintshatsheli yezoqoqosho. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuyamangalisa-kuncinci kwaye akukho nkunkuma. Esikufundileyo kukuba amanyathelo asemva kokuthanjiswa kulapho ihlabathi linokungqubana khona. Kulapho wethu CNC Machining ubungcali buya kudlala. Abaninzi iindawo zesinyithi somgubo zifuna ukuchaneka komatshini kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo emva kwe-sintering. Senze iinxalenye ezininzi ze-sintered-songeza imisonto, ukubhobhoza, ukwenza iiflethi ezichanekileyo. Iiparamitha zomatshini zahlukile; usika imathiriyeli enemingxuma, ngoko ke ubomi besixhobo kunye namazinga okutya afuna ukulungiswa. Yimvakalelo eyahlukileyo kumgangatho wevenkile.
Kukwakho nesithuba esixubeneyo: I-Metal Injection Molding (MIM), efana nomzala we-PM onzima ngakumbi. Ivumela ubunzima obukhulu bemilo kunocinezelo oluqhelekileyo. Sibonelele ngeesanti ezingoomatshini ezathi kamva zatshintshwa ngamalungu e-MIM kwisicelo sesixhobo sonyango, apho umthamo wawuthethelela ixabiso eliphezulu lezixhobo kunye nokuncama okuncinci kumandla okugqibela kwamkelekile. Undoqo yayilunxibelelwano oluvulelekileyo malunga norhwebo ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala lomfuziselo.
Inyani yoNyamezelo kunye noMqulu
Inqaku eliphambili lokubhideka kukunyamezelana. Iibrowutsha zeentengiso zinokudwelisa amanani anomdla kwi-PM. Kodwa ezo zihlala zezomlinganiselo omnye, ophuculweyo kwimveliso eqhutywayo. Kwimveliso yehlabathi lokwenyani kwibhetshi, umahluko unokuba phezulu kunomatshini osuka kwindawo eqinileyo yokuphosa. Ngoba? Ukutshintsha kwe-Dimensional ngexesha le-sintering ayifani ngokugqibeleleyo; iphenjelelwa ngumgubo, iqondo lobushushu kwiziko, kunye nokubekwa kwenxalenye. Kwinxalenye efuna unyamezelo lwe-+/- 0.025mm kumbhobho obalulekileyo, ukuqala ngobume be-sintered kufutshane ne-net akunakugcina imali ukuba kufuneka umatshini we-90% yaloo ndawo ukubetha i-spec ngokuthembekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kulula ngakumbi ukuqala nge-machinable casting blank.
Umthamo ngomnye uzwilakhe. Isixhobo esinzima soxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-PM luyabiza. Kuqhutywe amaqhekeza angama-50,000 ngonyaka, kuyathetheleleka ngokulula. Ngamaqhekeza angama-500? Kude kungaze. Iinkqubo zethu zokuphosa, ngakumbi ukubumba iqokobhe, kunokuba bhetyebhetye ngakumbi kwimithamo esezantsi ukuya ephakathi. Isixhobo sepateni singabizi kwaye kulula ukusiguqula. Oku bhetyebhetye yinto esikuyo Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) ixabiso nzulu, njengoko lisivumela ukuba sisebenze ngokufanelekileyo ngebhetshi enkulu kunye neeprojekthi zenqanaba lophuhliso.
Ndikhe ndahlala ngophononongo loyilo apho injineli encinci inyanzelisa i-PM kuba incwadi yokufunda ithe iyasebenza. Kodwa xa sichitha ixabiso elipheleleyo-isixhobo, i-sintering, i-machining yesibini efunekayo, kunye nomngcipheko we-scrap-ngokuchasene neendleko zokuphosa kunye nomatshini omncinci, amanani ahlala ejikeleza, ngakumbi kumanqaku e-alloy esiqhele ukuwaphatha. Indawo yokuphumla iphezulu kunokuba abaninzi bacinga.
Izifundo ezivela kwiVenkile yoomatshini
Ubungqina buhlala busemashini. Unokuxelela okuninzi malunga nemvelaphi yenxalenye ngendlela eziphatha ngayo kwi-CNC mill okanye i-lathe. Inxalenye ephosiweyo, ukuba inkqubo isandi, oomatshini abanokuqina okuqikelelweyo. Iitshiphusi zophuka ngokucocekileyo. A inxalenye yomgubo wesinyithi inesikwa esahlukileyo. Ukuphazamiseka kwesakhiwo semathiriyeli kunokwenza ukuba ukusika kubonakale kuncinci, kwaye iipatheni zokunxiba izixhobo ziyahluka. Ukungena okupholileyo kwi-porosity nako kunokuba ngumba, ngamanye amaxesha kubangele ungcoliseko okanye ukuvuza kamva. Oku sakufunda kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni, sisenza ibhetshi yeebheringi zobhedu. I-Coolant yavaleleka kwimingxunya kwaye kamva yaphuma, yabangela umhlwa kwindibano. Ngoku, kumacandelo e-PM abalulekileyo, sihlala sicacisa ukufakwa kwe-resin okanye unyango lokutywinwa phambi komatshini wokugqibela, owongeza inyathelo kunye neendleko.
Olu phawu lwempendulo yezandla luxabiseke kakhulu. Iqela lethu lomatshini libonelela ngegalelo elithe ngqo kumaqabane ethu e-PM nangaphandle. Bazakuthi, Eli candelo eludongeni kwindawo ene-sintered liethe-ethe kakhulu kumandla obambezelayo afunekayo kumatshini kwicala elichaseneyo, okanye Umphezulu we-as-cast apha ugqibelele ukugqibezela ngobusi obulula nje. Olu lwazi lusebenzayo, olukumgangatho osezantsi lubumba iingcebiso zethu kubathengi ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na itshathi yokukhetha inkqubo eqhelekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela Ngaphandle Kwesiphelo
Ke, kusishiya phi ke oku iindawo zesinyithi somgubo? Zisisixhobo esinamandla kwibhokisi yezixhobo zokuvelisa, kodwa hayi i-wrench yendalo yonke. Kuthi, ezisebenza kwindawo ekudibanela kuyo izinto zokusa kunye nokuchaneka komatshini, zimele indlela ehambelanayo esiyihloniphayo kwaye sihlala sisebenzisana nayo. Ezona ziphumo zeprojekthi zibalaseleyo zenzeke xa ukhetho phakathi kwe-PM kunye nokuphosa kuthathwa njengesigqibo esinzima sobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho, hayi isiphelo esisekwe kwintsingiselo.
Yehla ekubuzeni imibuzo echanekileyo ngaphambili: Zeziphi ezona mpawu zibalulekileyo zomgangatho? Ngowuphi umqulu wokwenene wonyaka, kuquka umjikelo wobomi? Lithini ixabiso lilonke lobunini, hayi nje ixabiso leqhekezana? Kwaye okokugqibela, ngaba unaye umthengisi oqondayo amandla kunye nobuthathaka bamazwe omabini, kwaye ongakhethi cala kwelinye kuba iyinto yonke abayenzayo?
Leyo yimbono esiye sakha ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30. Nokuba ihambisa i-complex, i-high-alloy investment casting yempompo okanye ukulungisa umthamo ophezulu we-sintered gear ukuya ekugqityweni kwesibuko, umgaqo uyafana: thelekisa ubunyani bokwenziwa kunye nesiphelo senxalenye ebaleni. Yonke enye into yingxolo nje.
