Xa usiva 'precision casting corp', yintoni ethi qatha engqondweni? Mhlawumbi iwebhusayithi ecwebezelayo enamalungu esinyithi acwebezelayo kunye nezithembiso zokuchaneka kwenqanaba le-micron. Yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokuthengisa. Inyani emgangathweni wevenkile, eyona imisela ukuba iblade yeinjini yomoya iyabhabha okanye isifakelo sakho sezonyango siyadityaniswa, sibi ngakumbi. Imalunga nokulawula ubushushu, ikhemistri, kunye nokugweba komntu kumdaniso apho umda wempazamo uhlala ungaphantsi kobunzima beenwele zomntu. Uninzi lwabathengi, kunye neenjineli, zidibanisa 'ukuchaneka' kunye nokunyamezelana okuqinileyo kumzobo. Bayayiphosa ingqibelelo yenkqubo-uyilo lokungena, ulawulo lobushushu ngexesha lokuqina, isiqabu sasemva kokuphoswa koxinzelelo-olunikezela ukunyamezelana rhoqo, ibhetshi emva kwebhetshi. Kulapho 'iqumrhu' lokwenyani, iqumrhu lolwazi kunye nokusebenza, libonisa ukubaluleka kwalo ... okanye akunjalo.
Umdlalo weShell: AyisiyoMngundo nje
Thatha ukubunjwa kweqokobhe, okusisiseko kwabaninzi. Igama ngokwalo liphantse lacoceka kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, lidabi elichasene nexesha kunye nokufuma kwe-ambient. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yoluhlu lwezindlu zempompo kwi-duplex steel stainless steel. Ushicilelo lubize umphezulu othile ogqityiweyo kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci lwentsalela. Sasinefomula yeceramic phantsi, kodwa iveki efumileyo yasehlotyeni idlale isiphithiphithi kwimijikelo yokomisa iqokobhe. Iimolds zaziva zilungile, ziphumelele iimvavanyo zempompo ezisemgangathweni, kodwa sasivakalelwa ngamathumbu-amandla aluhlaza aphelile. Wagalelwa kunjalo. Isiphumo? Isantya esiphezulu kunesiqhelo se-scrap ngenxa ye-veining kunye nokungena kwentsimbi encinci. Ayiyiyo intlekele, kodwa kukubetheka kumda kunye nomgca wexesha. Ulungiso lwalungekho kwimanyuwali; ibifakela izinto zokukhupha amanzi kwindawo yokomisa kwaye ihlengahlengisa 'imvakalelo' yethu yemeko yeqokobhe ngokuchasene nabalowuli bedata enzima. Leyo yinxalenye 'echanekileyo' akukho mntu ukuthengisayo: isiseko solawulo lokusingqongileyo.
Apha kulapho ubomi obude befemu buthetha kakhulu. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ndibakhankanya ngenxa yokuba indawo yabo ejongene noluntu kwi-tsingtaocnc.com ithi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 yokusakha kunye nokwenza, ngokungathandabuzekiyo beziya kujongana nolu tshintsho lwamaxesha onyaka. Loo nkumbulo yeziko-ukwazi ukuba imozulu yalapha eQingdao iyichaphazela njani i-slurry viscosity ngo-Epreli xa kuthelekiswa no-Okthobha-ayinakuthathelwa indawo. Ijika ukulwa nomlilo okusebenzayo kube yiparameter esebenzayo.
Ukuphosa utyalo-mali, okanye i-wax elahlekileyo, lelinye irhamncwa. Umtsalane uyantsonkotha. Ungaphosa amalungu akhangeleka ngathi akhulile, hayi ngoomatshini. Kodwa ipateni ye-wax ngokwayo yinto ebalaseleyo yokulalanisa. Yitofwe ipholile kakhulu, kwaye ufumana imigca yokuhamba etshintshela kwiqokobhe leceramic. Kushushu kakhulu, kwaye kuyagqwesa ngexesha lokuphatha. Emva koko kukho i-dewaxing: i-autoclave yomphunga okanye i-flash fire? Indlela nganye ibeka umothuko ohlukeneyo we-thermal kwiqokobhe, idala iintanda ezincinci ezithi kamva zimeme ukuphoswa. Ndibone iipateni ezintle, ezintsonkothileyo zonakalisiwe ngenxa yokuba ireyithi yerempu yokuthotywa ibiziidigri ezimbalwa ngomzuzu ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. I ukuphosa ngokuchanekileyo Inkqubo yityathanga leekhonkco ezilikhulu, kwaye ezingamashumi alithoba anesithoba kuzo azibonakali kwinxalenye yokugqibela.
I-Alchemy yezinto eziphathekayo: Xa ii-Alloys eziKhethekileyo aziKhethekanga ngokwaneleyo
Wonke umntu udwelisa 'iialloyi ezikhethekileyo' kwiphepha lesakhono sakhe. I-nickel-based, i-cobalt-based. Ziitafile zetafile. Umahluko wangempela yinto oyenzayo kunye nabo ngexesha lokugalela. Ezi alloys zihlala zi-viscous, zithande ukuhlukana, kwaye zinomkhwa ombi wokusabela nge-oksijini okanye i-nitrogen ukuba awuwulawuli umoya onyibilikayo. Sakhe sasebenza kunye necandelo le-Hastelloy C-276 lokulungiswa kweekhemikhali. I-spec ibingaxoleli kwi-intergranular corrosion resistance. Inyibilika ijongeka ilungile, isheke yekhemistri yaphumelela. Kodwa unyango lobushushu emva kokuphoswa, ngokulandela iresiphi esemgangathweni, kukhokelele kwi-carbides enamanzi kwimida yengqolowa-isigwebo sokufa ngenxa yokuchasana nokubola. Ukusilela yayikukucinga ukuba kukho iresiphi 'esemgangathweni'.
Isisombululo sivela kwi-cross-referencing melt logs kunye neebhetshi zokunyanga ubushushu kwaye ekugqibeleni kulungiswe isisombululo sobushushu kunye nesantya sokucima. Kwakuyiveki yemveliso elahlekileyo kunye nohlalutyo lwe-metallurgical. A Inkampani ixabisa ityuwa yayo ayigaleli nje isinyithi; igcina eneenkcukacha, imbali yenkqubo elandelekayo kubushushu kunye nealloyi nganye. Yeyona database evumela ukutenxa ngobukrelekrele, hayi ukuqikelela. Ukukhankanywa kwe-QSY ngokusebenza nezi ntsapho zengxubevange ethile icebisa ukuba bakhe, okanye kwafuneka bakhe, amathala eencwadi afanayo olwazi ukuphepha ezi njongo zifileyo zineendleko.
Kwaye makhe sithethe malunga nokwenza ezi castings. Awunako ukwahlula ukugalela kumatshini kwiindawo ezinentembeko ephezulu. I-as-cast surface inomaleko ophazamisayo, mhlawumbi ishumi leshumi leemilimitha ezinzulu, ezinobunzima obuhlukeneyo kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Inkqubo yakho ye-CNC kufuneka iphendule ngaloo nto. Indlela ekhohlakeleyo enokutya okundlongondlongo iya kukrazula umphezulu, iveze i-porosity engaphantsi komhlaba. Ukucwangciswa kufuneka kube kukuqhubeka kwenkqubo elawulwayo, kungekhona umsebenzi ohlukeneyo. Le ngcinga ehlanganisiweyo ibalulekile, yiyo loo nto indibaniselwano yokuphosa kunye ne-CNC phantsi kophahla olunye, njengoko kubonisiwe kumda wokusebenza kwayo, ayiyonto nje elula—yimfuneko yolawulo lokwenyani nolwakhiwo.
I-Paradox yeGating: Yondla iCandelo, Lambisa iNzuzo
I-Gating kunye noyilo lokunyuka bubugcisa obumnyama be-Foundry. Kulapho ulwelo oluguquguqukayo, ukuqina kokuqina, kunye nepesenti yesivuno zingqubana. Injongo kukutya isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwinxalenye njengoko iphola kwaye iyancipha, ishiya zonke i-voids kwizinyusi, ezinqunywe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona. Ilula kwithiyori. Ngokwenyani, ukwenza ubunjineli obugqithisileyo bamasango 'okhuseleko' anokubulala isivuno sakho. Ndiyibonile uyilo apho inkqubo yokungena inobunzima obungaphezulu kwenxalenye ngokwayo. Uyanyibilika, uphatha, kwaye ucoca isinyithi uya kuphosa nje emva eziko.
Ngokuchasene noko, ukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kukhokelela kwi-porosity ye-shrinkage ngaphakathi kwenxalenye ngokwayo-ukwaliwa. Indawo emnandi ivela kwisoftware yokulinganisa ngoku, ewe, kodwa nakwisibindi sokuvavanya kunye nokuphindaphinda. Siqhube ulingo lothotho lwemizimba yevalvu ngentsimbi enealloyi ephantsi. Ukulinganisa uthe enye indawo yokunyuka iya kusebenza. Ugalele kuqala, umphezulu omhle. I-X-reyi yabonisa intliziyo ebomvu. Kuye kwafuneka sibuyele umva, songeze i-chill kwicandelo elinye ukuze siqinise ukuqina, kwaye sisebenzise isikhuphukeli esisecaleni esincinci kodwa esibekwe ngobuchule ngakumbi. Isivuno siphucukile ukusuka kwi-45% yokuqala ukuya kwi-68% ezinzileyo. Loo 23% yokutsiba yinzuzo esulungekileyo, kwaye ivele ekuthembeni ukulinganisa njengendawo yokuqala, hayi ivangeli, kwaye uzimisele ukulahla iinkundla ezimbalwa zokulingwa ukuze zilunge.
Lo ngundoqo ongathandekiyo we ukuphosa ngokuchanekileyo ukusebenza: ukukulungela ukutyala imali ekuphuhliseni inkqubo, ukutya iindleko zezilingo, kunye nokwakha olo lwazi lunamandla. Ayikokuba neyona suite yokulinganisa ifanciest; imalunga nokuba neenjineli ezikwaziyo ukutolika iziphumo zayo kumxholo weziko lazo, isanti yazo, iialloys zazo.
Uhlolo: Umgwebi wokugqibela, ongaxoleliyo
Lonke ulawulo lwenkqubo alunanto ukuba uhlolo lwakho lubuthathaka. Iitshekhi ezinobungakanani ezine-CMM zisemgangathweni. Ubunzulu bokwenyani bubonisa kuvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT). Iradiyografi (iX-reyi) ixhaphakile, kodwa ukutolika loo mifanekiso yegreyscale bubuchule. Ngaba eso sithunzi sityhafileyo siyinxalenye engenabungozi, iqoqo le-microporosity, okanye ukuqhekeka? Kuthatha iliso eliqeqeshiweyo, elihlala liqinisekisiwe kwi-ASNT okanye imigangatho elinganayo. Emva koko kukho idayi yokungena kwikhefu lomphezulu, i-ultrasonic yengqibelelo yangaphakathi kumacandelo atyebileyo. Indlela nganye inamabala angaboniyo.
Umzekelo: i-compact, i-aluminiyam yesibiyeli yokuqina ephezulu ye-aerospace. Igqithise iX-reyi kunye nedayi yokungena. Kodwa ngexesha lokulayishwa kobungqina, ayiphumelelanga kwiqhezu le-spec. Umoni? Iinyembezi ezishushu eziqalayo, iintanda ezivale ngci kwaye zijongiswe ngendlela engenakubanjwa ngeX-reyi okanye idayi ephumayo. Kuphela luvavanyo olonakalisayo kwisampulu yokuphosa kwibhetshi enye eveze ipateni, elandelwa umva kubushushu obuphezulu obuphezulu kakhulu ngexesha lokugalelwa. Isifundo sasibiza kakhulu: kumacandelo amatsha abalulekileyo, iprotocol yakho yokuqinisekisa inqaku lokuqala kufuneka ibandakanye uhlalutyo olutshabalalisayo. Kuya kufuneka uncame iinxalenye ukuze ugcine ibhetshi.
Eli nqanaba lokuhlola elingqongqo, ngamanye amaxesha liyathandabuza, yinto eyahlula ivenkile yomsebenzi kwiqabane elithembekileyo lemveliso. Ngumgcini-sango wokugqibela wesithembiso 'sokuchaneka'.
Umba woLuntu kwiXesha leDijithali
Ngayo yonke itekhnoloji-i-CAD, ukulinganisa, ukugalela ngokuzenzekelayo, ukugawula kwerobhothi-into yomntu ihlala inesigqibo. Umsebenzisi wesithando somlilo ova i-slag carryover kwisandi se-arc. Umhlanganisi wokungunda oziva ulungelelwaniso oluncinci kumbindi phambi kokuba abambe. Umcuphi we-machinist ova utshintsho kwisandi somsiki, ebonisa indawo enzima kwi-casting.
I-automation inokulinganisa, kodwa ayikwazi ukuphucula. Ndibone inkqubo yokugalela ezenzekelayo ivaliwe ngenxa yokuba i-sensor yezinga le-laser yayifakwe yi-condensation. Umthululi we-veteran, okwangoku, wayeya kugweba ukuzaliswa kwesikhunta nge-back-pressure kunye ne-meniscus yensimbi, kwaye igqibe ukuthulula. Undoqo asikokuthatha indawo yethuku kodwa kukuwongeza. Sebenzisa idatha evela kwi-sensors ukwazisa kunye nokuqinisekisa iimvakalelo zomntu, ukudala i-loop impendulo. A Inkampani kunye namashumi eminyaka okusebenza, njengemvelaphi yeminyaka engama-30 ephawulwe kwi-QSY, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ineqela labasebenzi abanamava. Obo bunzulu kwibhentshi ngumjelo okhuphisanayo onzima kakhulu ukuwuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza.
Ekugqibeleni, ileyibhile 'precision casting corp' ifunyanwa yonke imihla, ayichazwanga kwiwebhusayithi. Ifunyenwe kwizigqibo ezithe cwaka ukukrazula inyibiliko ethandabuzekayo, ekugawulweni okudinayo kweatmospheres ze-oven, kwingxoxo yentsebenziswano phakathi koyilo kunye neenjineli ze-Foundry phezu kwendawo yokunyuka, kunye nonxibelelwano olunyanisekileyo kunye nomxhasi xa umda wenkqubo ufikeleleke. Ukuchaneka kuninzi ekucingeni nasekunxibelelaneni njengoko kunjalo kwintsimbi. Iinkampani ezihlala zihleli, ezo onokuthi uthembele kuzo ngecandelo elibalulekileyo, uqonde ukuba luqeqesho olupheleleyo, ubugcisa obuxhaswa yisayensi, kwaye asoze ngenye indlela.
