Xa abantu abaninzi besiva ‘isiseko sesanti,’ baba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wevenkile emdaka, engumbhodamo igalela iintsimbi ezisisiseko. Leyo yimbono yokuqala ephosakeleyo. Inyani, ngakumbi kwindawo eneengcambu zemizi-mveliso enzulu njengeQingdao, ziingqimba ze-nuance. Ayikokwenza nje ukungunda ngesanti; imalunga nokulawula izinto ezininzi ezingasoze zibonwe—ukufuma kwesanti, ukuyilwa kwenkqubo yokungena, izinga lokuqina. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zisilela ngenxa yokuba umntu uphathe ukugalelwa kwesanti njengesicwangciso esilula, esisezantsi sogcino. Yinto enye kodwa.
Undoqo: Yonke imalunga neSanti (kwaye ayisiyoSanti nje)
Masiyiqonde le nto. 'Isanti' ngumxube—isanti yesilika, udongwe (ibentonite), amanzi, yaye ngokufuthi izongezelelo ezifana nothuli lwamalahle okanye ulwandle lwaselwandle. Umlinganiselo yinto yonke. Ukufuma kakhulu, kwaye ufumana imiphunga ye-steam, eshiya i-cavities kwi-casting. Incinci kakhulu, kwaye isikhunta asinayo amandla aluhlaza, ukuwa ngexesha lokuthulula. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yezibiyeli zentsimbi ezihlala zibonisa ukhoko. Sijonge isinyithi, ubushushu, yonke into. Kwavela, indawo yokufaka amanzi yomxube wesanti yayinokulinganisa okuncinci. Ukutshintshwa kwe-0.5% kwisiqulatho sokufuma kwakwanele ukutshabalalisa imveliso yeveki. Leyo kukuchaneka kuzifihla kwinkqubo 'elula'.
Emva koko kukho ukubumba ngokwayo. Kukho ukubumba kwesanti eluhlaza, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo, kwaye emva koko isanti ebotshiweyo yintlabathi efana nokubumba iqokobhe okanye iinkqubo zebhokisi ebandayo. Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), umzekelo, dwelisa ukubunjwa kweqokobhe njengento ekhethekileyo. Lirhamncwa elahlukileyo elo. Isebenzisa isanti eqatywe intlaka ukwenza iqokobhe elibhityileyo neliqinileyo elijikeleze ipateni eshushu. Idimensional ichanekile ingaphezulu lee kunesanti eluhlaza eqhelekileyo. Ngoko xa ujonge amandla e-Foundry, awukwazi nje ukubona 'ukuphosa isanti.' Kufuneka ubuze: luhlobo luni lwenkqubo yesanti esithetha ngayo?
Ukwenza ipateni bobunye ubugcisa obungajongelwanga phantsi. Iipateni zokhuni zijikajika. Iipateni zetsimbi ziyabiza kodwa zokugqibela. Kumalungu antsonkothileyo, unokufuna ipateni enamacandelo amaninzi kunye neecores. Ukuyila ipateni ayikokukopa nje inxalenye; kufuneka uphendule nge-shrinkage-eyahlukileyo kwintsimbi, intsimbi, okanye i-aluminium-kunye nee-angles ze-drafti ukuze iphethini inokutsalwa kwisanti ngokucocekileyo. Linyathelo lokuqala apho uyilo lokwenziwa kwezinto mhlawumbi lwenzeka okanye lungahoywa, lumisela inqanaba layo yonke impumelelo esezantsi okanye intloko ebuhlungu.
Apho iSanti iLungela khona (kwaye apho ingangeni khona)
Indawo emnandi yokuphosa isanti yimveliso yevolumu ephakathi ukuya kwenkulu. Cinga izindlu zempompo, iziseko zezixhobo zoomatshini, imizimba yevalvu, izikhewu ezinkulu zegiya. Kuyamangalisa kuyilo lobubhetyebhetye kunye nokuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lweealloyi, ukusuka kwiintsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezisatyiweyo ukuya kwezo ngxubevange zikhethekileyo ezifana neze-nickel-based. Iwebhusayithi ye QSY ikhankanya ukusebenza nge-alloys ekhethekileyo, eyenza ingqiqo. Ukugalela i-alloys yexabiso eliphezulu, ekunzima ukuya kumatshini kwisingundo sesanti kunokonga ngakumbi kunokuqala ngebillet enkulu kunye nokwenza ama-80% ayo.
Kodwa akusiyo yonke into. Ukuba ufuna ukugqitywa komphezulu ogudileyo kakhulu okanye ukunyamezela kuqina kunokuba, yithi, ±0.5mm kwidimension ye-100mm, uyayityhala. Kulapho iinkqubo ezinje ngotyalo-mali (abazenzayo nabo) zithatha indawo. Umsebenzi wasemva kokuphosa nawo ubalulekile. Yonke inxalenye iphuma nge-flash (intsimbi engaphezulu kwi-mold seams), i-sprues, kunye namasango aqhotyoshelweyo. Kulapho icala lomatshini, i CNC Machining Ukukwazi ukufumaneka kwenkonzo epheleleyo njenge-QSY inikezelayo, iyahlukana kwinkqubo yokuphosa. Awukwazi ukuhambisa icandelo eligqityiweyo ngaphandle kwalo.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yecandelo le-injini yaselwandle kwintsimbi engenasici. Ijometri yayilula ngokwaneleyo ukugalela isanti, kodwa inkcazo yomhlwa yayinoburhalarhume. Kwafuneka silumke ngocoselelo lokungunda ukuthintela ukusabela kwesinyithi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka komphezulu. Isebenzile, kodwa umda wempazamo wawumncinane. Igxininise ukuba ukhetho lwemathiriyeli luyalela iiparamitha zenkqubo yakho njengoko inxenye isenza.
Iintloko ezingenakuthintelwa: i-Porosity, i-Shrinkage, kunye ne-Shakeout
Iziphene. Umlo wemihla ngemihla wenjineli nganye. Ngokuphosa isanti, i-gas porosity kunye ne-shrinkage cavities ngabarhanelwa abaqhelekileyo. I-Porosity idla ngokuvela kubumba. Ukuba isanti ayiphumanga kakuhle okanye imanzi kakhulu, irhasi evalelekileyo ingena ngenkani kwintsimbi njengoko iqina. Ufumana ezi pinholes ngexesha lomatshini okanye uvavanyo loxinzelelo. Ukucutheka ngumba wobushushu. Njengoko intsimbi iphola, iyancipha. Ukuba awuziyilwanga izinyusi (izixhobo ezifunzayo) ngokuchanekileyo ukunika isinyithi elulwelo kwiindawo eziqinileyo, ufumana i-voids yangaphakathi. Ukulinganisa ikhompyuter kuyanceda ngoku, kodwa akukho nto ithatha indawo yamava ekubekeni isikhuphukeli.
I-Shakeout-ukubetha isanti kwi-casting epholileyo-yimpembelelo ngakumbi kunokuba ivakala. Yenze kwangoko kakhulu, kwaye ukuphosa kunokuphazamisa okanye ukuqhekeka kuxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Yenze kade kakhulu, kwaye uvelisa ibhotile. Isanti ifuna ukufunyanwa kwakhona, ipholiswe, kwaye ilungiswe ngokutsha. Inkqubo yokugcinwa kwesanti eshushu, engasebenziyo iya kuwuminxa wonke umsebenzi wakho. Ndikhe ndakwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu akwindawo ekufutshane nesikhululo se-shakeout ebenganyamezeleki, kwaye nomgangatho wesanti uphazamisekile, udala umjikelo okhohlakeleyo weziphene.
Emva koko kukho igumbi lokucoca. Isebenza ngamandla, iyangxola kwaye inothuli. Ukusila amasango, ukudubula kuqhume kwindawo ecocekileyo. Kulapho ukuphosa okurhabaxa kuqala ukubonakala njengenxalenye. I-automation iyangena apha, kodwa kwiziseko ezininzi zemisebenzi, oku kuhlala kulinqanaba elixhomekeke kwizakhono. Umgangatho wokugqitywa kwesandla sokugqibela unokwenza okanye ukwaphule ukubonakala kwenxalenye kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umsebenzi wayo.
Ukudityaniswa noMatshini: Ikhonkco elingaxoxiswana
Akukho zixhobo zale mihla ezisindayo ekujuleni kuphela. Phantse yonke inxalenye yesanti-santi ifuna umatshini kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo-imingxuma yeebholiti, ubuso bokutywina, izihlalo ezithwele. Kungenxa yoko le nto imodeli edibeneyo isiseko sokugalela isanti kwaye ivenkile yomatshini inamandla kakhulu. Xa zombini iinkqubo ziphantsi kophahla olunye, njengaku https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, unxibelelwano luthe ngqo. Iqela lomatshini linokuthi linike ingxelo kwi-Foundry ukuba lihlala lifumana amabala anzima okanye i-porosity eguqukayo kwindawo ethile yokuphosa, kwaye i-mold okanye inkqubo yokugalela inokulungiswa.
Ndiyibonile enye indlela: i-casting eyenziwe kwisixeko esinye, ithunyelwe kwivenkile yomatshini kwenye. I-machinist ibetha ukufakwa kwesanti enzima kwaye iphule isixhobo. Batyhola isiseko 'sesinyithi esimdaka.' I-Foundry igxeka ipateni okanye iiparamitha zomatshini. Iiveki zokulibaziseka zilandela. Imveliso edibeneyo iyayinqumla loo nto. Umdwelisi wenkqubo we-CNC unokude acebise ukongeza i-millimeter yesitokhwe ebusweni obubonisa ukugqwetheka okuncinci, ukusombulula ingxaki ngokubonakalayo.
Oku kubalulekile kuluhlu lwezixhobo abazikhankanyayo-intsimbi etyhidiweyo, intsimbi, i-stainless, i-cobalt kunye ne-nickel alloys. Ukwenza i-alloy esekelwe kwi-nickel ngumsebenzi okhethekileyo. Ukuba nobuchwephesha bomatshini ngaphakathi endlini kuthetha ukuba i-Foundry iyabuqonda ubuchule bento abayigalelayo ukusuka kusuku lokuqala. Banokukhetha ibakala elichanekileyo le-alloy elilinganisa iimpawu zokuphosa kunye neemfuno zasemva kokulungiswa.
Ishishini layo: Ngaphezu kokunyibilika kweMetal
Ukubaleka isiseko namhlanje kukuhamba ngentambo. Yinkunzi enkulu (iziko, iinkqubo zesanti, ulawulo longcoliseko), amandla alambileyo, kwaye ijongene noxinzelelo lweendleko ezingapheliyo. Ixabiso-longeziweyo alikho ekunyibilikeni kwesinyithi; ikubunjineli. Ixabiso lisekuncedeni umxhasi ukuba ayile indawo eyila kakuhle, oomatshini ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye basebenze ngokuthembekileyo. Isekusombululeni iphazili yesinyithi kwisicelo esithile.
Inkampani esele ikho iminyaka engaphezulu kwe-30, njenge-QSY, ibone imijikelo. Baye baziqhelanisa. Ukunikezela ngeenkqubo ezininzi zokuphosa (isanti, iqokobhe, utyalo-mali) kunye noomatshini kuthetha ukuba banokukhokela umxhasi kweyona ndlela yokuvelisa inexabiso eliphantsi, ingeyiyo nje le bayenzayo. Olo luphawu loqhaqho oluqolileyo. Ubomi obude bucebisa ukuba baye bajonga imigibe yokuxuba isanti, i-metallurgy, kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukwakha ulwazi lokwenyani, olucwangcisiweyo.
Ke, xa uvavanya isiseko sesanti, musa ukubuza nje ixabiso ngekhilogram nganye. Buza ngeenkqubo zabo zokulawula isanti. Buza ukuba bayila njani isango labo kunye nokunyuka. Buza malunga nobuchule babo bokwenza oomatshini bangaphakathi kunye nendlela abayiphatha ngayo ingxelo phakathi kwamasebe. Iimpendulo ziya kukuxelela ngakumbi malunga nobungozi bokwenyani beprojekthi yakho kunokuba incwadana eqaqambileyo inokuthi. I-craft ikwizinto eziguquguqukayo ezilawulwayo, kungekhona nje ukuthulula.
