Xa usiva 'ukwenziwa kwentsimbi ngokuchanekileyo', iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kwi-investment casting. Ayonto iphosakeleyo, kodwa ngumfanekiso ongaphelelanga osoloko ukhokelela kwiindawo ezingacaciswanga kakuhle kunye nokugqithiswa kweendleko. Ibali lokwenyani limalunga nokukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo-i-shell mold, i-ceramic mold, utyalo-mali-kwibakala elithile lentsimbi kunye nomsebenzi wokugqibela. Lubizo lokugweba, hayi ibhokisi yokukhangela.
I-Shell vs. Ingxaki yoTyalo-mali kwiNsimbi
Asigqibekanga ukubumba iqokobhe kuninzi lwekhabhoni yethu kunye namacandelo entsimbi ephantsi, ngakumbi xa imiqulu iphezulu kwaye iimfuno zokugqiba komphezulu zikuluhlu lweRa 125-250 μin. Yomelele, iyakhawuleza, kwaye ineendleko ezifanelekileyo. Kodwa ndibone iiprojekthi zisilela ngenxa yokuba umntu othile unyanzelise utyalo-mali esenzelwa isibiyeli esilula, ukuleqa ukugqiba okungeyonyani komphezulu oye wongeza i-300% kwixabiso ngenzuzo yokusebenza enguziro. Ubuqhetseba kukwazi xa ukuchaneka okongeziweyo kuyafuneka ngokwenene.
Umzekelo, besinomthengi ofuna uthotho lweengalo zonxibelelwano ze-AISI 4140. Imizobo yabo yokuqala ichaze utyalo-mali. Emva kokuphonononga iindlela zomthwalo kunye nendlela yokuhlanganisa, sicebise ukutshintshela kwi-shell mold casting kunye nesibonelelo esijoliswe kuyo somatshini kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Inxalenye iqhube ngokufanayo kuvavanyo, kwaye ixabiso leyunithi lehle ngaphezulu kwama-40%. Elo licala elisebenzayo 'lokuchaneka'-imalunga nokubetha unyamezelo oluyimfuneko, hayi ezona zincinci ngokwethiyori.
Apho sityhala ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo intsimbi echanekileyo yokuphosa ngendlela yotyalo-mali ineejiyometri ezintsonkothileyo, ezinodonga olucekethekileyo kumabanga afana ne-17-4PH okanye i-316L engenasici, okanye xa umphezulu we-as-cast umphezulu ubalulekile ekuhambeni kwamanzi okanye ukuxhathisa ukudinwa. Ukuhambelana kwe-dimensional ukusuka kwipatheni ye-wax esemgangathweni kunye neqokobhe le-ceramic ezinzileyo ayinakoyiswa ngenxa yoko. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, 'ukuchaneka' kunxulumene; usajongene nokushwabana kwesinyithi kunye ne-thermal dynamics, hayi umlingo.
Imathiriyeli yiFactor yoMenzi-okanye-yeNqabhu
Kulapho amashumi eminyaka evenkileni abalulekile. Ukuphosa intsimbi yekhabhoni ecacileyo lihlabathi elinye; ukuphosa i-nickel ephezulu okanye i-cobalt-based superalloys yenye. 'Ukuchaneka' kwinkqubo kufuneka kuchaze ukuziphatha kwemathiriyeli. Ngento efana ne-Hastelloy X, iqondo lobushushu lokuthulula, ukufudumeza kweqokobhe, kunye nesantya sokupholisa kufuneka kucwangciswe ngokuqinileyo ukunqanda ukukrazula okushushu kunye nokulawula ubume beenkozo. Ukutenxa okungephi apha akuchaphazeli nje imilinganiselo kuphela—kunokukhupha iimpawu zomatshini.
Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwangethuba ngebhetshi ye-nickel-based alloy turbine seals. Imilinganiselo yayigqibelele, kodwa iinxalenye aziphumelelanga phambi kwexesha kwibhayisekile eshushu. Lo mba ulandelele emva kwinkqubo yokukhupha iqokobhe elinobundlavini elithe ladala iintanda ezincinci, ezathi zanda ngexesha lokuqina. 'Ukuchaneka' kwakunzulu kuphela eluswini. Kusinyanzele ukuba sidibanise umphumo we-metallurgical kwinkcazo yethu yokuchaneka kwenkqubo.
Yiyo loo nto e Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye nemvelaphi yethu yokusingatha yonke into ukusuka kwintsimbi ye-ductile ukuya kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokucwangciswa kwenkqubo akunakuhlukana. Awunakuthatha nje uyilo lwentsimbi engenasici kwaye ulusebenzise kwi-cobalt alloy. Iindlela zokutya, ukunyuka, kunye neemfuno ezibandayo zahluke ngokupheleleyo ukuphumeza isandi, esisisiseko sako nakuphi na ukuchaneka kokwenyani.
UMatshini we-CNC: Iqabane eliyimfuneko lokuCasa
Nabani na othi ungafezekisa i-net-shape kulo lonke uphawu olubalulekileyo ngokuphosa yedwa uthengisa ifantasy. Kuba yinyani intsimbi echanekileyo yokuphosa amacandelo, CNC machining linyathelo lokugqiba ebalulekileyo. Ukuphosa kukufumana i-95% apho kunye nefom esisiseko; I-machining inikezela ngemigangatho yokugqibela yedatum, i-tight-tolerance bores, kunye nemisonto. I-synergy ingundoqo.
Indlela yethu edibeneyo-i-casting kunye ne-machining phantsi kophahla olulodwa-ixazulula indawo enkulu yentlungu: ukulungelelaniswa kwedatum. Xa sisebenza ngomatshini inxalenye yentsimbi etyhidiweyo, sihlala sisebenzisa imiphezulu yesalathiso esiye sayilwa ngokwethu ngokwepateni. Oku kuphelisa 'ukwalatha ngeminwe' phakathi kwesiseko kunye nevenkile yoomatshini xa kuqokelelwa ukunyamezelana. Singabanikazi benkqubo yonke yetsheyini.
Umzekelo osebenzayo yimpompo yendlu esiyivelisa kwi-duplex stainless steel. Umzimba we-as-cast ubonelela ngevolonti yangaphakathi enzima. Umsebenzi wethu we-CNC emva koko udala ubuso obuchanekileyo be-flange, imingxuma yebholiti, kunye ne-shaft bore, iqinisekisa i-perpendicularity kunye nokugxila ukuba inkqubo yokuphosa iyodwa ayinakuze iqinisekise. Ukuchaneka kwakhiwe ngale ndlela edibeneyo.
Apho Okulungileyo Kwanele kukuchaneka kokwenyani
Ukuxosha ukunyamezelana kwe-ultra-tight kwiimpawu ezingabalulekanga yindlela ekhawulezayo yokuvuthela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ubunjineli bokwenyani behlabathi bumalunga nokwaba ngokuchanekileyo apho kubalulekile. Ndichitha ixesha elininzi kunye namaqela oyilo lwabathengi, amaxesha amaninzi ndicebisa ukuba bakhulule ukunyamezelana kokusa, masithi, ±0.5mm ukuya ±0.8mm kumphezulu ongakhuphisaniyo. Olo tshintsho luncinci lunokutshintsha indawo ukusuka ekufuneni i-mold ye-ceramic ebiza kakhulu ukuya kwinkqubo yokubumba iqokobhe elifanelekileyo.
Oku akuthethi ukusika iikona; imalunga nokusetyenziswa okukrelekrele. Umphezulu owenziwe ngendlela yokuphosa unokwamkeleka ngokugqibeleleyo kulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi, ugcina umsebenzi womatshini. Ukuchaneka kukwenza eso sigwebo sichanekileyo. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi ziphumelela ngokuchaza ezi mfuno ngobuchule kunokuchaza eyona nkqubo iphambili kuwo wonke umgca womzobo.
Ibophelela emva kwimodeli yenkonzo epheleleyo. Ngokuba QSY iphatha zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini, sinokubonelela ngeengcebiso ezingakhethi cala malunga nendawo yokuphosa uphawu ukuya kubukhulu kunye nendawo yokushiya isitokhwe somatshini. Injongo yethu kukuhambisa inxalenye esebenzayo, ethembekileyo kwindawo yeendleko ezifanelekileyo, kungekhona ukuthengisa eyona ndlela ibiza kakhulu yokuphosa ekhoyo.
Ukujonga iTyayini yeNkqubo yonke
Okokugqibela, ukuchaneka kokwenyani kokuphoswa kwentsimbi lulawulo olupheleleyo lwekhonkco: izixhobo zepatheni, ulawulo lwe-slurry, ukuziqhelanisa nokunyibilika, ukugalela, unyango lobushushu, kunye nokuhlolwa kokugqibela. Ukungaphumeleli kuyo nayiphi na indawo kuwisa wonke umzamo. Iminyaka yethu engama-30 kunye nangaphezulu ibimalunga nokwakha ulawulo olomeleleyo kwinqanaba ngalinye, hayi nje ukuthenga iziko elitsha lomlilo.
Umzekelo, ukugcina iiparamitha zenaliti ye-wax ehambelanayo kubaluleke kakhulu njengolawulo lobushushu bentsimbi. Ipateni ye-wax egqwethekileyo iya kuvelisa ukuphosa okugqwesileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ichaneke kangakanani ukubunjwa kwesinyithi sakho. Ngala macandelo asemva kwe-scenes ahlula abavelisi abangaguqukiyo kwiivenkile zemisebenzi.
Ekugqibeleni, intsimbi echanekileyo yokuphosa ayikho iteknoloji enye oyi-odola kwikhathalogu. Licebo lokuvelisa. Lukhetho olunolwazi lwenkqubo yokubumba ehambelana nemathiriyeli kunye nenjongo yoyilo, ilandelwa yimisebenzi eyimfuneko yasemva kokuphosa ukuhlangabezana nenkcazo yokugqibela. Ukuchaneka kulele kakhulu kucwangciso kunye nezigwebo ezisekelwe kumava njengoko zenza kwisixhobo. Yiloo nto eguqula umzobo kwisikrini ube yinto ethembekileyo, ephezulu yokusebenza kwintsimi.
