Jonga, xa uninzi lwabantu lusiva i-Stellite izala, bacinga kwangoko ukuba ayinakonakala. Yimpazamo yokuqala leyo. Yingxubevange ye-cobalt-chromium, ewe, inzima kakhulu kwaye iyamelana nokunxiba, ukubola, kunye nokudleka. Kodwa ukuqhwaba uStellite kwindawo ethweleyo ayisosilungiso somlingo. Ndibone uyilo lusilela kuba umntu othile ulucacisele isicelo esingalunganga, ukucinga ukuba ukuqina bodwa kusombulula yonke into. Inyani ibaluleke kakhulu-imalunga nokuqonda apho obo bunzima busebenza khona, apho bunokuthi bube ngaphezulu, kwaye ngokubalulekileyo, ukuba uyifumana njani inxalenye ngokuthembekileyo.
I-alloy ngokwayo kunye nalapho ikhanya khona ngokwenene
IStellite asiyofomula enye. Unamabakala afana no-6, 12, 21... nganye ine-tweaks kwi-tungsten, i-carbon, umxholo we-molybdenum. Ngeebheringi, uhlala ukwindawo yeStellite 6 okanye abazala bayo. Ukulunga kwayo okuphambili ayibobulukhuni nje (obuphezulu phaya, malunga ne-40-50 HRC njenge-cast, iphezulu xa iqinisiwe), kodwa ukukwazi kwayo ukugcina obo bunzima kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo kunye nokuchasana kwayo ngokupheleleyo nokubanjwa. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nokuhamba kwiimeko apho ukuthambisa kuncinci, kuphazamisekile, okanye kungenakwenzeka-cinga imikhono yempompo kwi-abrasive slurry, i-valve trunnions kwi-steam yobushushu obuphezulu, okanye izikhundla ezithile kwimixube enzima kakhulu.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yomxhasi wokulungisa imichiza. Babenejenali yeshafti yensimbi engenastainless egugileyo kwiiveki ngenxa yendibaniselwano yokuvezwa kweasidi epholileyo kunye ne-particle carryover. Ukuthambisa kwakungahambeki. Sicebise ukuba a Ukuzala kweStellite umkhono owalekayo kwijenali. Isitshixo ibingelokhetho lwento nje kuphela, kodwa ikhankanya iStellite 6B yokumelana nokukhula okungcono kunomgangatho wesi-6. Lo mahluko ubalulekile emhlabeni.
Icala lokujika? I-brittle. Awukwazi ukuthatha icandelo le-Stellite-coated kwaye ulindele ukuba imelane nokothuka okukhulu okanye iimpembelelo zamanqaku. Iza kubetha okanye iqhekeze. Ndifunde ukuba indlela enzima ekuqaleni kunye nesicelo sokutyumza ilitye. Inkcazo yabiza ukugquma kweStellite kwizindlu ezithweleyo, kodwa uyilo aluzange luthathele ingqalelo isinyithi setramp ngamaxesha athile. Isiphumo: ukuchaphazeka okuyintlekele emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa. Kwafuneka sibuyele kwinto eyomeleleyo, nangona ingaphantsi kokunxiba, imathiriyeli esisiseko enobuso obunzima bendawo.
I-Crucible yoVeliso: Ukuphosa vs. Ukwaleka
Kulapho irabha idibana khona nendlela. Awuqhelekanga ukuphosa icandelo elikhulu elivela kwi-Stellite eqinile-kuyabiza kakhulu kwaye ubunzima bokuphosa ubukhulu besandi bubalulekile. Indlela eqhelekileyo, engabizi kakhulu kukusebenzisa i-Stellite yalekwe kwindawo eqina ngakumbi, ngakumbi i-ductile substrate njengentsimbi yekhabhoni okanye i-316 engenastainless.
Kulapho ubunakho benkqubo yeqabane buba bubaluleke kakhulu. Iinkampani ezikumsebenzi ochanekileyo kunye noomatshini amashumi eminyaka, njengaye Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), bayibonile le mijikelo. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 ekubunjweni kweqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, bayayiqonda i-metallurgical bonding. Kuba Ukuzala kweStellite umphezulu, inkqubo yokugqithisa-ihlala i-powder welding okanye i-PTA (i-Plasma Transferred Arc)-idinga ukulawulwa ukuthintela ukuhlanjululwa kwe-Stellite kwisiseko sesinyithi kunye nokunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo echaphazelekayo ukushisa. Imvelaphi ye-QSY ekusebenzeni kunye ne-alloys ezikhethekileyo, kubandakanywa ne-cobalt-based based, ibanika umlenze kwiiprotokholi zonyango zangaphambili kunye ne-post-heat, ezingenakuxoxisana kwimpumelelo.
Ndihlole uphahla olusileleyo apho umaleko weStellite uxolile. Oyena nobangela? Phantse ukulungiswa komphezulu okungafanelekanga okanye imathiriyeli ye-interlayer engalunganga. Ngamanye amaxesha udinga umaleko we-nickel-based buffer phakathi kwe-shaft yentsimbi kunye ne-Stellite ukulawula ukwandiswa kwe-thermal. Zezi nkcukacha zegritty ezahlula icandelo elisebenzayo kumgqatswa womgqomo olahliweyo.
UMatshini kunye nokuQeda: Umqobo wokugqibela
Kulungile, umaleko wakho weStellite ubotshelelwe ngempumelelo. Ngoku kufuneka uyitshise ngokuchaneka ukunyamezelana. Le yenye irhamncwa. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-HSS eqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo ze-carbide; udinga amabanga akhethekileyo e-carbide, rhoqo ngeejiyometri ezithile, okanye uya kusila. Iyacotha, itya izixhobo, kwaye iyabiza.
Ubuchwephesha bomatshini be-CNC bubaluleke kakhulu apha. Amazinga feed, isantya, kunye nobunzulu cut zahluke ngokupheleleyo machining intsimbi ethambileyo. Ivenkile eyenza ngokukodwa i-aluminiyam okanye intsimbi ecacileyo iya kusokola kwaye ivelise ukugqitywa komgangatho ophantsi ojongela phantsi ukusebenza kokuthwala. Isiphelo kwi-a Ukuzala kweStellite umphezulu kufuneka ucoleke kakhulu ukuthintela ukuqalisa iintanda kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kwetywina okufanelekileyo ukuba kufanelekile. Le ngenye indawo apho iivenkile ezidibeneyo ezibamba zombini isicelo se-alloy kunye nomatshini ochanekileyo, njengoko kuboniswe kuluhlu lwenkonzo ye-QSY, kunokugcina ukuhambelana kunye nokuphendula kuyo yonke inkqubo.
Sasinemeko apho ukugquma kwakugqibelele, kodwa ukugaya okokugqibela kwazisa iintanda ezincinci ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo. Inxalenye yaluphumelela uhlolo lokuqala kodwa yasilela kwinkonzo kwangaphambi kwexesha. Ulungiso lwalutshintshela kwinkqubo yokusila i-creep-feed kunye nokuhanjiswa okupholisayo okuphuculweyo. Isifundo: Inkqubo yetsheyini ayipheleli ekudipolweni.
Imigibe yeSicelo kunye neeNgxaki zokwenyani zeHlabathi
Ukuchaza iStellite ayingomsebenzi webhokisi yokukhangela. Kufuneka uqwalasele umphezulu wokukhwelana. Ukubaleka i-Stellite ngokuchasene nokwayo kuluqheliselo olubi ngokubanzi-isenobuhlungu phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Ukubhanqa kweklasikhi yiStellite ngokuchasene nemathiriyeli ethambileyo, ehambelanayo efana ne-316 engenastainless okanye ubhedu oluphathwe ngokukodwa. Oku kuvumela izinto ezithambileyo ukuba zinxibe kancinci, zifake naziphi na iziqholo kunye nokukhusela iStellite.
I-Corrosion yenye inqaku eli-nuanced. Ngelixa i-Stellite ixhathisa amajelo eendaba ezonakalisayo, ayisiyiyo yonke indawo. Ekunciphiseni kakhulu i-acids okanye iindawo ezinekloridi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kufuneka udibane neetafile ze-corrosion ngononophelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-high-grade stainless okanye i-nickel-based alloy efana ne-Hastelloy inokuba yinto engcono kakhulu yokukhetha, nokuba ukuxhathisa kwayo kuphantsi. Lurhwebo-off.
Iindleko zihlala zingena kwincoko. Inkqubo yokwaleka kweStellite epheleleyo kwicandelo elikhulu inokubiza i-5-10x ngaphezulu komkhono wensimbi oqinileyo. Ulungelelaniso luvela kumaxesha awondisiweyo okuqhuba, ixesha elincitshisiweyo elingacwangciswanga, kunye nokhuseleko kwiinkqubo ezitywiniweyo okanye ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo. Awuyisebenzisi ngenxa yokuba iteknoloji epholileyo; uyisebenzisa kuba ixabiso lilonke lezibalo zobunini liyasebenza.
Ukujonga kwi-Supply Chain
Ukufumana izinto ezinokuthenjwa ezithwele iStellite ayikokufumana oyena mthengisi unexabiso eliphantsi. Kumalunga nokufumana iqabane ngolwazi metallurgical kunye nolawulo inkqubo. Imbali yeminyaka engama-30 yefemu efana ne-QSY ekugaleleni nasekusebenzeni iialloyi ezikhethekileyo icebisa ukuba baye bajonga ijiko lokufunda lokusebenza ngemathiriyeli enzima efana ne-cobalt kunye ne-nickel alloys. La mava aguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwiziphene ezimbalwa zokuvelisa kunye neengcebiso ezingcono ngexesha lesigaba soyilo.
Xa ndihlola umthengisi, andijongi nje incwadana enemifanekiso yabo emenyezelayo. Ndibuza malunga ne-PTA yabo yokubeka iparamitha ezingaphezulu, indlela yabo yokuqinisekisa ingqibelelo yebhondi (ngokuqhelekileyo uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic), kunye neendlela zabo eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Ndifuna ukubona izixhobo zabo zokubamba iindawo ezinzima ngexesha lomatshini. Ezi ziinkcukacha ezingathandekiyo, ezisebenzayo eziqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye iyasebenza.
Ekugqibeleni, a Ukuzala kweStellite isisombululo yimpendulo enobunjineli kakhulu kwiseti ethile yeemeko ezinoburhalarhume. Asiyonto yorhwebo. Impumelelo yayo ixhomekeke ekuqondeni okunzulu kokuziphatha kwengxubevange ukusuka kwisiseko okanye kwindawo yokuwelda ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokugqibela lemicron kumatshini weCNC. Ukuyilungisa kuvakala kuncinci njengoloyiso lwetekhnoloji kwaye kufana nesiphumo esifunyenwe nzima sokuhlonipha isayensi yezinto kunye nemida yenkqubo.
