Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'isitulo sevalvu', bafanekisela intsimbi elula emile okwedonathi. Yimpazamo yokuqala leyo. Ngokwenyani, lujongano olubalulekileyo, umlindi olidini kumjikelo okhohlakeleyo wobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lwegumbi lokutsha. Olona celomngeni asikokwenza nje enye; kukwenza umntu osindayo kwisihogo esikhethekileyo esenzelwe sona. Ndibone iintsilelo ezininzi kakhulu emva kokuyiphatha njengenxalenye yorhwebo.
I-Conundrum yezinto eziphathekayo: Ayisokuze ibe yintsimbi nje
Awunakuvele ukhethe imathiriyeli kwitshathi yegeneric. A isihlalo sevalve kuba icompressor yegesi yendalo ijongene notshaba olwahluke ngokupheleleyo kunolunye olukwi-injini yepetroli evuselelayo. Isihlalo soxinzelelo lwegesi silwa ngokuchasene negesi eyomileyo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ekhokelela kwindlela ekhethekileyo yokunxiba esasiyibiza ngokuba yiguttering. Apha, intsimbi eqinile inokuqhekeka nje phantsi kwempembelelo eqhubekayo. Safunda oku ngendlela enzima kwi-retrofit yasendle kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.
Kulapho amava e-Foundry efana neQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) iba yinto ebonakalayo. Ngeminyaka engamashumi amathathu besakha kunye noomatshini, abathengisi nje ingxubevange; bayayiqonda imixholo. Umsebenzi wabo nge-cobalt-based kunye ne-nickel-based alloys ayiyomfundo. Kwinkonzo enzima-cinga iinjini zemizi-mveliso yamafutha anzima okanye umdyarho osebenza kakhulu-ezi ngxubevange zikhethekileyo asiyonto yokuzonwabisa; zizo kuphela ukhetho. Ezo zisekwe kwi-cobalt, kunye nobushushu bendalo kunye nokuchasana nokugqwala, zizimilisele kwintloko yesilinda, zenza iqhina elihlala lihleli elixhathisa ukudodobala koqoqosho njengenye into.
Impazamo ichaza insimbi engenasici kwaye ibiza usuku. Leliphi ibakala? I-440C inika ukuxhathisa okukhulu kokunxiba kodwa jonga ukuqina kwayo kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo. Izihlalo ze-Inconel ziyamangalisa kwiivalvu zokukhupha kwi-turbocharged applications, kodwa iindleko zomatshini yinto yokwenyani. Lurhwebo olungagungqiyo: indleko, ukunyanzeliswa, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal, kunye nobunzima. Akukho mpendulo jikelele.
Ukuvelisa: Apho ithiyori idibana neLathe
Nangona i-alloy egqibeleleyo, umsebenzi uphelile. Indlela yokuvelisa iyalela ukusebenza. Ndikholelwa ngokuqinileyo kwimveliso edibeneyo yamacandelo abalulekileyo njengale. Ukwenziwa kobunjwa beqokobhe okanye utyalo-mali oluvela kwingcali efana ne-QSY ibonelela ngentloko enkulu. Ngoba? Kuba ufumana indawo ekufutshane nenetha enobume obugqwesileyo obuziinkozo kunye noxinaniso lwemathiriyeli xa kuthelekiswa nenxalenye yomatshini osuka kwisitokhwe sebha yegeneric. Kuba isihlalo sevalve, ingqibelelo yangaphakathi yinto yonke-akukho porosity efihliweyo evunyelwe.
Emva koko kuza umatshini. Apha kulapho ukuchaneka kwahlula isihlalo esilungileyo kweso singaphumelelanga. Ukugxila kobuso bokutywina, ukuchaneka kwee-angles ezifanelekileyo zokuphazamiseka-la ayingomanani nje kumzobo. Ukwahluka kweshumi ezimbalwa kunokukhokelela ekugqithiseni ubushushu obungalunganga, kubangele iindawo ezishushu kunye nokutsha kwevalve ekugqibeleni. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi apho inkqubo ye-CNC yayinempazamo encinci yendlela yesixhobo, ekhokelela ekungahambelani kwe-minuscule chamfer. Ibangele ukutshisa okugqithisileyo kwendawo kunye nokusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha kwiiyunithi ezilishumi elinesibini. Umtyholi kwezi nkcukacha ezincinci.
Inkqubo yabo, ukusuka ekulahleni okulawulwayo ukuya kumatshini wokugqibela we-CNC phantsi kophahla olunye, inciphisa ezi ziguquguqukayo. Ivumela ulawulo olungqongqo phezu kwayo yonke ijometri ebalulekileyo-ubuso obuphezulu, i-45-degree (okanye ngamanye amaxesha i-30-degree) yokutywina i-angle, kunye nobubanzi obungaphandle obulungiselelwe ukudibanisa i-press-fitting. Awuthengi nje inxalenye; uthenga ikhonkco lenkqubo elawulwayo.
ISaga yokuLungelela: Cinezela, Phola, kunye neThemba
Nantsi inyani ehlala igutyungelwa: igqibelele isihlalo sevalve inokonakala ngexesha lofakelo. Ungenelelo olulinganayo aluxoxiswana. Iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kwaye, ngokugqithiseleyo, ukuqhuba ukushisa kwintloko ye-cylinder. Kodwa ukuyibethelela ngesando ngomqhubi wegeneric yiresiphi yeentanda ezincinci okanye ukugqwetheka.
Indlela echanekileyo ibandakanya ukupholisa isihlalo (kaninzi ngenitrogen engamanzi) ukuze ifinyeze, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukufudumeza intloko ukwandisa ibhore. Oku kuvumela ufakelo olugudileyo, olulungele ucinezelo ngaphandle kwamandla akhohlakeleyo. Ndikhe ndabona amagcisa etsiba ukuphola kuba ilingana ngokwaneleyo, kuphela ukuba isitulo sikhululeke emva kweeyure ezingama-50 zokusebenza. Umjikelo wobushushu ufumana bonke ubuthathaka kuloo nto ifanelekileyo.
Kwaye makhe sithethe ngee-counterbores. Ipokotho yesitulo entloko kufuneka icoceke ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Nayiphi na i-debris, ioli, okanye ukungafezeki kusebenza njenge-insulator, ukudala umqobo we-thermal. Isihlalo sitshisa kakhulu, ivalve iyatshisa, kwaye ufumana ukungaphumeleli kokutshiswa okuqhelekileyo. Kuvakala kusisiseko, kodwa kwiivenkile zokwakha kwakhona, eli nyathelo kulapho i-30% yokusilela iqala khona.
Uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli: Ukufunda iBali kwi-Metal
Igugile okanye ayiphumelelanga isihlalo sevalve yingxelo yenkundla. Ukugqobhoza ebusweni bokutywina? Oko kudla ngokuba kukuwelding encinci kunye nokukrazula, kusalatha ekuthambiseni okungonelanga (kwii-injini ezinendawo yesibaso esinelothe) okanye ukungahambelani kwezinto phakathi kwesitulo kunye nobuso bevalvu. Isihlalo esibanzi, esiyenziweyo luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwemathiriyeli ethambileyo kakhulu ukuba ingasetyenziswa-ibethelelwa entloko.
Iintanda zeRadial ezivela kububanzi obungaphakathi? Oko kuqhelekile ukudinwa ngokwe-thermal, ukusuka kwimijikelo yokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokupholisa. Ikuxelela ukuba ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal akwanelanga, okanye ukuhanjiswa kobushushu entloko kuchaphazelekile (umva kobo bugxwayiba obufanelekileyo okanye i-counterbore emdaka). Ngamanye amaxesha, ubona i-discoloration engaqhelekanga, ene-mottled-leyo yi-oxidation kunye nokuhlaselwa kweekhemikhali ezivela kwizongezo zepetroli ezinobundlobongela okanye izinto ezivuthayo, ukukhwaza nge-alloy enganyangekiyo njengebakala elithile elisekelwe kwi-nickel.
Olu ayilulo uqwalaselo lwezemfundo. Bazisa ngokuthe ngqo iinkcukacha ezilandelayo. Ukubona i-thermal fatigue cracks kuthetha ukuba i-iteration elandelayo inokufuna ukuhamba ukusuka kwintsimbi esemgangathweni ukuya kwi-alloy efakwe ngobhedu ukwenzela ukuqhuba ngcono kwe-thermal, okanye mhlawumbi ukutshintshela kwi-vacuum-melted material ukwenzela ukucoceka okukhulu kunye namandla okukhathala.
Ngaphaya kweSitulo: Imbonakalo yeNkqubo
Awunakukwazi ukwahlula isihlalo. Yinxalenye yenkqubo: ivalve (izinto zayo kunye nokwaleka), uxinzelelo lwasentlakohlaza, imeko yesikhokelo, umgangatho wamafutha, kunye nobushushu bokusebenza kwenjini. Isitulo esinobuso obugqibeleleyo sisaza kusilela ukuba isikhokelo sesivalo sinxibile, nto leyo ebangela ukuvuza kwesitywina sevalve kunye nokuphekwa. Yimbono epheleleyo.
Kungenxa yoko le nto ukusebenzisana nomvelisi ofumana umfanekiso omkhulu kubalulekile. Xa ujonga ipotfoliyo yenkampani efana nale ikwi-tsingtaocnc.com, ithatha amashumi eminyaka ukusuka ekugayweni ukuya kumatshini ochanekileyo, icebisa ukuqonda le ecosystem. Abajiki nje amakhonkco; babonelela ngecandelo ekufuneka liphile kwindawo enobutshaba, exhomekeke kwelinye. Ukukhethwa kwengxubevange yecobalt ngaphezu kwentsimbi exabiso liphantsi ayithengisi; sisisombululo kwingxaki yokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Ekugqibeleni, ukucacisa isihlalo sevalvu ngumsebenzi kwifiziksi esetyenziswayo kunye nesinyithi esisebenzayo. Imalunga nokubuza imibuzo efanelekileyo: Ngawaphi amafutha? Yintoni umjikelo womsebenzi? Yintoni umthamo wokupholisa? Impendulo ayilonani nje eliyinxalenye. Lubizo lokugweba, oluxhaswa ngamava kwaye, ngokuphandle, iintsilelo ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ezifundise izifundo ezinzima. Injongo kukwenza isihlalo sibe yinto yokugqibela nabani na afanele akhathazeke ngayo ngexesha le-teardown.
