Ubona 'i-wax steel casting elahlekile' eshidini elithile bese ucabanga 'ukunemba, izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, isiphetho esihle' - futhi awunaphutha. Kodwa leyo nguqulo yencwajana. Lapho iba ngokoqobo, futhi ngokungagwegwesi lapho abahlinzeki abaningi abajwayelekile bekhubeka, kusekuhumusheni kusuka kuleyo phethini ye-wax enhle kuya engxenyeni esebenzayo, yensimbi enomsindo elungele ukusetshenziswa. Igebe phakathi kokulingisa nokulingisa okuhle yilapho amashumi eminyaka wamahora esitolo abalulekile.
I-Wax iyisiqalo nje, hhayi isiphetho
Wonke umuntu ugxile ku-wax. Ubuciko obubonakalayo. Kodwa ukwahlulela kwangempela kuqala ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-wax, lapho ushiywe ngegobolondo le-ceramic elingenalutho. Leso sikhala esingesihle. Indlela oyigcwalisa ngayo ichaza yonke into. Ukuthela insimbi akufani nokugcwalisa ibhakede; umcimbi oshisayo olawulwayo. Ngama-steels, ikakhulukazi ama-alloys aphakeme, iwindi phakathi kokugcwalisa okuhlanzekile kanye nesici lincane. Ngike ngabona ukuthulula lapho izinga lokushisa lehlile ngalokho okwakubonakala kuncane - mhlawumbe u-25°C - futhi kwethula isiphithiphithi esiholele ezibazini ezingaphezulu okungekho inani lokugaya elingakwazi ukusulwa ngokuphelele. Isikhunta singase siphelele, kodwa inqubo yayingekho.
Yilapho isiyalo se-Foundry sibonisa khona. Indawo efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) ayigijimisi umugqa nje; sebeneminyaka engaphezu kuka-30 bekulokhu. Lokho kuphila isikhathi eside kukhuluma nesimiso esiyingcweti. Kusho ukuthi kungenzeka babone izindlela zokuhluleka - igobolondo liyaqhekeka ekushiseni ngokushesha, ukufakwa ku-slag, i-micro-porosity evela kugesi. Ubuchwepheshe babo ku ukutshala imali futhi izinqubo zokubunjwa kwegobolondo akulona iphuzu lenhlamvu; iwumtapo wamaphutha alungisiwe. Awukwazi ukukhohlisa lokho kujula.
Thatha i-gating ne-rier design. Akuyona ithiyori. Ngomzimba we-valve oyinkimbinkimbi esake sawenza ngo-316 ongenasici, ukulingisa kokuqala kubukeke kukuhle. Kodwa ukuthululwa kokuqala kubonise ukushwabana endaweni eshintshashintshayo ewugqinsi ukuya-ozacile. Ukulungisa bekungekona nje ukwengeza insimbi eyengeziwe (isikhuphukeli); yayibeka kabusha amasango angaphakathi ukuze alawule ukuqondiswa kokuqina. Kwadingeka siphinde sisebenzise isihlahla se-wax. Lokho kulahlekelwa yisikhathi nemali. Isitolo esingenayo leyo grit yokuxazulula izinkinga singagcina sithumela izingxenye ezamukelekayo kancane, futhi iklayenti lizobhekana nokwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi phansi komugqa.
Okubalulekile Kungaphezu Kwenombolo Yebanga
Ukucacisa i-carbon steel noma insimbi engagqwali kuyisiqalo, kodwa kucishe kucace ngendlela eyingozi. Ngaphakathi kokuthi 'i-stainless,' unochungechunge lwe-austenitic 300, uchungechunge lwe-martensitic 400, amamaki ayi-duplex - ngalinye liziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngesikhathi nangemuva kwabalingisi. Uketshezi lwazo, izinga lokuncipha, namandla ashisayo ayahluka. Thela i-304 sengathi uzothela i-17-4 PH, futhi uzoba nokuqhekeka. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokusakazwa kubaluleke kakhulu kwabanye, akubalulekile kwabanye.
QSYUhlu lwezinto ezisohlwini - kusukela kuma-ayina okusansimbi nezinsimbi ezijwayelekile kuya kuma-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel kanye ne-cobalt - kungitshela ukuthi bayaqonda ukuthi i-metallurgy akuyona ibha eseceleni. Lawa ma-alloys akhethekile ayisilwane. Avame ukuthululelwa isevisi eyeqisayo: ama-turbine blades, izingxenye ze-reactor yamakhemikhali. Ayabiza, ngakho-ke i-scrap ibuhlungu. Ukukhipha kwabo kudinga ukuvikelwa komkhathi ongasebenzi, izilawuli ezinembile zokushisa, ngokuvamile ukuncibilika kwe-vacuum. Awuvele ubambe iqhaza kulokhu. Uma iwebhusayithi yabo, tsngtaocnc.com, ikhombisa ikhono kulokhu, isho izinga lobuchwepheshe besithando somlilo kanye nokulawulwa kwenqubo okubahlukanisa ne-caster yesitolo semisebenzi.
Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi ehilela ingxenye ye-alloy ye-Monel (nickel-copper). I-wax negobolondo kwakungenasici. Ukuthululwa kwakubukeka kukuhle. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwamagobolondo, sathola ukusabela okukhulu kwendawo - uhlobo oluthile longqimba oluqinile, olune-oxidized. Inkinga? Ikhemikhali ye-shell binder yayinokungcola okuncane okwasabela kabi nge-nickel encibilikisiwe kulelo zinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Sishintshele kwehlukile, i-inert refractory coating eyengeziwe yezendlalelo eziyinhloko. Inkinga ixazululiwe, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi besinokwesekwa kwe-metallurgical ukuyixilonga. Isitolo esenza i-carbon steel ngabe silahlekile ngokuphelele.
I-Finnish Yakhiwe Esigangeni
Omunye umbono oyiphutha ovamile: i-wax elahlekile ikhiqiza ingxenye elungele ukusetshenziswa. Akuvamile ukuba yiqiniso. Ekukhiqizayo yingxenye enendawo enhle njenge-cast, ngokuvamile ezungeze ama-microinches angu-125 Ra noma okungcono. Kodwa 'ukulungele' kuncike kuhlelo lokusebenza. Ingabe ubakaki wokuhlobisa? Mhlawumbe ukuqhuma kwengilazi yobuhlalu obukhanyayo kwanele. Ingabe i-hydraulic manifold block? Manje udinga izindawo zokuvala ezinembayo, izimbobo ezinentambo, izimbobo ezikhwezwayo. Yilapho okuhlanganisiwe CNC imishini ikhono liba yinto engaxoxiswana nayo.
Lena i-synergy enikezwa umhlinzeki wesevisi ephelele. QSY ukuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kanye nokwenza imishini ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa kuyinzuzo enkulu yempahla kanye nekhwalithi. Bangakwazi ukuklama ukusakaza becabanga ngesitokwe somshini, beqonda ukuthi ingxenye izolungiswa kanjani, lapho amaphuzu edatha akhona. Bayiphonsa, bayiphathe ngokushisa (uma kudingeka), bese beyimshini endaweni efanayo. Lokhu kulawula lonke iketango. Ngibhekane nephupho elibi lokuhambisa abalingisi abangavuthiwe esitolo semishini esihlukile, ngathola kuphela ukuhlanekezela okuncane noma ukufakwa kwesihlabathi esifihliwe okuphihliza ithuluzi ngesikhathi sokumba. Umdlalo wecala uyaqala. Indlu ehlanganisiwe ingumnikazi wayo yonke inqubo.
Ukwenziwa kwensimbi ekhonjiwe, ikakhulukazi kusuka ku- ingcina elahlekile inqubo, ine-quirks yayo. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingaba nezindawo zokuqina eziguquguqukayo uma ukupholisa bekungafani kahle. Umakhi wemishini omuhle, osebenza neqembu le-Foundry, angakwazi ukulungisa okuphakelayo nesivinini. Bacobelelana ngolwazi. Leyo loop yempendulo yangaphakathi ayibonakali kuklayenti kodwa ibalulekile ngokungaguquguquki.
Lapho Okuyinkimbinkimbi Kuhlangana Kusebenza
Umbukiso wakudala we-wax elahlekile i-geometry ehlotshisiwe, efana neleyisi. Futhi lidlula lapho. Kodwa ukuhlolwa okuqinile yingxenye ebukeka ilula kodwa enobunzima obufihliwe. Cabanga nge-impeller yepompo enamavanes azacile, agobile kanye nomklamo omboziwe. Idinga izindawo zangaphakathi zama-hydraulic ezibushelelezi ukuze kuncishiswe isiyaluyalu. Idinga ibhalansi. Ukwenza lokhu kusuka kokuqinile kungaba umjaho omoshayo, onama-axis amaningi. Ukuyidlala kuyisinqumo esiphusile.
Kodwa nakhu okuguquguqukayo: lawo ma-vane azacile kufanele agcwale ngensimbi encibilikisiwe ngaphandle kokugodola ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okudala ukuvala okubandayo (isici esifana nomthungo). Kufanele futhi babe namandla anele okumelana namandla e-centrifugal kanye nokuguguleka kwe-cavitation emsebenzini. Yilapho ukuklama kwephethini, isayensi ye-gating, nokukhetha kwe-alloy kuhlangana khona. Ungase ukhethe i-17-4 PH engenabala ngokusakazwa kwayo kanye nokuqina kwemvula okulandelayo, ikunike isilinganiso esidingekayo samandla nesisindo.
Senze umfuziselo wengxenye efanayo kanye. Okokuqala, ama-vanes ayenokugoqa okuncane. Akubonakali ngeso, kodwa kuboniswa ukuhlolwa kwe-dayi yokungena. Inkinga bekuyisivinini sensimbi. Siyixazulule ngokulungisa ukuphakama kwendebe yokuthulula ukwandisa ikhanda lokucindezela, ukuphoqa ukugcwaliswa kwe-laminar okwengeziwe. Kwakuwushintsho olucashile olunomphumela ophawulekayo. Lokhu akukho kunoma iyiphi incwadi; iwuhlobo lwenqubo yokuqonda eyakhiwe kusukela kumakhulu okuthulula okufanayo.
Isilinganiso Sangempela: Ukuvumelana Ngaphansi Kwengcindezi
Ekugcineni, wonke umuntu angakwazi ukwenza ukusakaza okukodwa okuhle. Uphawu lwesakhiwo esinjengalesi esichazwe senza ingxenye yenkulungwane ifane neyokuqala. Lokhu kumayelana nokulawulwa kwenqubo, hhayi ubuciko. Imayelana nezinqubo zokuncibilika ezibhaliwe, izikhathi zokomiswa kwamagobolondo, izingodo zokuthulula, nokuhlola okuqinile - i-athikili yokuqala, eqhubekayo, neyokugcina.
Ukusebenza kwabo kweminyaka engama-30 kusikisela ukuthi bakhe amasistimu alokhu. Kusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukusingatha ukukhiqizwa kochungechunge lwamavalvu noma umugqa wezingxenye zensimbi yokuhlinza, hhayi nje ukuphuma kanye. I ukubunjwa kwegobolondo Ubuchwepheshe ababalula buhambisana ne ukutshala imali; ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye encane eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa enkulu ifaneleka kangcono inqubo ye-resin-shell. Ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi inqubo yokuncoma kuyingxenye ye-consultancy ehlinzekwa yi-Foundry enhle.
Ngakho uma ngicabanga ukukhishwa kwensimbi ye-wax elahlekile, ngicabanga kancane nge-wax nokuningi kwesiphithiphithi esilawulwayo sokuthulula, isiyalo se-metallurgical, kanye ne-handoff engenamthungo ekuqedeni. Kuyiketango. Amandla engxenye yokugcina mahle kuphela njengesixhumanisi esibuthakathaka salelo ketanga. Umkhiqizo wangempela awukona nje ukuma kwensimbi; ulwazi olushumekiwe olwaqinisekisa ukuthi lwenziwa kahle.
