Uma uzwa i-Stellite 12, into yokuqala efika engqondweni kwabaningi mhlawumbe ukumelana kwayo nokugqoka kwe-stellar. Kuyiqiniso lokho, kodwa futhi kuyisicupho esincane. Eminyakeni yami ngisebenzelana nama-alloys akhethekile, ngibone amaphrojekthi amaningi kakhulu lapho ayecaciswe khona cishe ngokuzenzakalelayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezigqoke kakhulu, ngaphandle kokungena kwangempela kuphrofayela yayo egcwele. Ingxubevange ye-cobalt-chromium, yebo, kodwa ukuziphatha kwayo ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuhlukile, ukusakaza kwayo okunamandla, nokusebenza kwayo ngokumelene nokungcola okuthile yilapho indaba yangempela ikhona. Akuyona inhlamvu yomlingo, futhi ukuyiphatha njengeyodwa kuyindlela esheshayo yokushisa ibhajethi nesikhathi.
Iphrofayili Eyinhloko kanye Nezingibe Ezivamile
I-Stellite 12 ihlezi kuleso sikhala esithakazelisayo phakathi kwe-Stellite 6 evame kakhulu kanye nekhabhoni ephezulu, amamaki amelana kakhulu nemihuzuko. Ukwakheka kwayo okuzisholo kuyenza imelane kahle nokugqokwa kwensimbi kuya kwensimbi, i-galling, kanye nezinga elihloniphekile lokumelana nokugqwala. Kodwa nansi i-hiccup yokuqala esebenzayo: ukusebenza kwayo. Esimeni sabalingisi, kunzima. Ngisho, kunzima ngempela. Awukwazi ukuvele uyiphonse kunoma yimuphi umshini we-CNC onamathuluzi ajwayelekile e-carbide futhi ulindele isiphetho esibushelelezi nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwempilo yamathuluzi. Sakufunda kabuhlungu lokhu kusenesikhathi.
Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi yengxenye yamavalvu yomkhakha kawoyela negesi. I-spec sheet idinga I-Stellite 12 imbondela ezindaweni zokuhlala. Imizamo yokuqala yokwenza imishini, esekelwe kumapharamitha ensimbi eqinile, iholele ekuchishweni kwamathuluzi ngokushesha kanye nobuqotho obuphansi bendawo. Isizukulwane sokushisa besinamandla, okubeka engcupheni ukuguqula i-microstructure eduze nendawo uma unganakile. Kuphoqelele ukuhlolwa kabusha okuphelele kwesu lethu lamathuluzi—ukushintshela kumabanga akhethekile e-carbide, ukwehlisa kakhulu amanani okuphakelayo, nokusebenzisa isipholile esinengcindezi ephezulu ncamashi endaweni esibonakalayo yokusika. Kwakungekhona mayelana namandla anonya; kwakumayelana nokususwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo okulawulwayo, okunembayo.
Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa ngqo nenqubo yokulingisa ngokwayo. Enkampanini efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), enamashumi eminyaka ekubunjweni kwamagobolondo nokufaka utshalomali, inselelo ayikona nje ukuthulula ukusakaza komsindo. Kumayelana nokuqonda ukuthi ingxubevange iqina kanjani, ukulawula ukusatshalaliswa kwe-carbide ngaphakathi kwe-cobalt-chromium matrix. Izinga lokupholisa elilawulwa kabi lingaholela ekuhlukaniseni i-carbide ngokweqile, kudale ukonakala kwendawo okungase kuvele kuphela ngesikhathi somshini wokugcina noma, okubi nakakhulu, enkonzweni. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ngama-alloys akhethekile, njengoba kuphawulwe kusayithi labo tsngtaocnc.com, ibalulekile lapha. Akukhona nje ngokuba nesithando somlilo; kumayelana nolwazi lwenqubo olwakhiwe eminyakeni engama-30 oluqinisekisa ukuthi I-Stellite 12 uthola ine-microstructure engaguquki, enokwethenjelwa kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ama-nuances ohlelo lokusebenza kanye Nokuziphatha Kwangempela Kwezwe
Ingabe i-Stellite 12 ikhanya kuphi ngempela? Yinhle kakhulu ezintweni ezibhekene nokugqoka okuhlanganisiwe nomthelela omaphakathi, noma lapho ukugqwala okuthile kuyisici esihambisana nokuhuzuka. Cabanga ngemikhono yephampu, ukunquma ama-valve, izindawo ezithile ezithwalayo, kanye neminye imiphetho yamathuluzi ezolimo. Kodwa kufanele uqondanise ibanga nendlela yokugqoka eqondile. Uma isitha esiyinhloko simsulwa, i-high-stress abrasion evela ku-silica noma efanayo, i-Stellite enekhabhoni ephezulu ingaba ngcono. Uma kumayelana nokugqwala, amanye amabanga ayangena.
Ngisebenze ecaleni elibandakanya izingxenye zesikulufu sokuphakelayo kulayini wokucubungula ukudla. Izinto eziphathwayo zazihubhuka futhi zigqwala kancane. I-Stellite 12 yakhethwa ngenxa yebhalansi yayo. Nokho, umklamo wokuqala wawunamakhona angaphakathi abukhali. Phakathi nenqubo yokutshala izimali endaweni esungulwe kuyo—inqubo i-QSY egxile kuyo—lokhu kwethule inselele. I-viscosity ye-alloy nezici zokuqinisa zenze kwaba nzima ukugcwalisa lezo zici ezicijile ngaphandle kokukhubazeka okungaba khona. Isixazululo kwakuwukuklama kabusha okuhlanganyelwe, ukuthambisa amakhona kancane. Lokhu akuzange kuthinte ukusebenza kodwa kwenze ingxenye yasakazwa kakhulu futhi yathembeka. Lolu uhlobo olusebenzayo, lokuxazulula izinkinga phansi oluhlukanisa uhlelo lokusebenza oluyimpumelelo nokwehluleka.
Elinye iphuzu elicashile ukusebenza kwayo ekugqokeni okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Igcina ukuqina kwayo kahle kuze kufike ku-600-700°C, yingakho uyibona kwezinye izingxenye ze-hot-tooling noma izingxenye zenjini. Kepha kukhona i-caveat: ukumelana kwayo ne-oxidation, ngenkathi kukuhle, akupheli. Ezindaweni ezinde, ezinezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, ungase ubone ukwakheka kwesikali kunamanye ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel. Ukuhwebelana. Ukhethela ukugqokwa ezingeni lokushisa, elinokumelana ne-oxidation njengesici sesibili esizuzisayo, hhayi esokuqala.
Izinto Zangempela Zokwenziwa Ngomshini kanye Nemva Kokucubungula
Ake sibuyele emuva ekwenzeni imishini, ngoba imvamisa yikho okubiza kakhulu ngemva kokokusebenza uqobo. Njengoba kushiwo, ibhere emshinini. Ukugaya ngokuvamile kuyindlela ethandwayo yokuqeda okokugcina kanye nokuzuza ukubekezelelana okuqinile. Kodwa ngisho nokugaya kudinga ukwakheka kwesondo elilungile kanye nezindlela zokugwema ukushisa indawo noma ukudala imifantu emincane.
Ukwenza imishini ye-CNC kuyenzeka, futhi kulapho abahlinzeki besevisi abahlanganisiwe bengeza khona inani elikhulu. Inkampani ephethe kokubili ukulingisa kanye nemishini ye-CNC, njenge-QSY, inenzuzo enkulu. Baqonda ukuziphatha kwezinto ezibonakalayo kusukela kuketshezi kuya engxenyeni eqediwe. Bangakwazi ukuhlela izibonelelo zesitoko somshini ngesikhathi sokuklanywa kwephethini yokusakaza, bazi kahle ukuthi izinto ezizokwenziwa zizosabela kanjani kumandla okusika. Ukuzama ukuthola ukulingisa kwesinye isitolo nokuwenza kwesinye, ngaphandle kwalesi sisekelo solwazi olwabiwe, kuvame ukuholela ekukhombaneni ngeminwe lapho kuphakama izinselele. Incazelo ivuliwe tsngtaocnc.com ukugqamisa ubuchwepheshe babo obuhlangene ekulingiseni kanye nokwenza imishini ye-CNC akukhona nje ukukhangisa; kuwumsebenzi obalulekile wokuhamba kahle kwama-alloys afana nalokhu.
Ukushisela nokuqinisa nge-Stellite 12 nakho kuvamile, ikakhulukazi ukulungisa noma ukumbondela kuma-substrates ashibhile. Ukulawula ukushisa kwangaphambi kokushisa kanye ne-interpass kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka. Ijubane lokupholisa lishesha kakhulu, futhi uthola idiphozithi enhle, eqinile egcwele imifissure emincane. Ngenye indawo lapho inqubo iyinkosi, futhi uhlangabezana nethiyori ye-trumps njalo.
Ukucatshangelwa kokutholakala kanye nekhwalithi
Akuwona wonke ama-Stellite 12 adalwe alingana. Ikhwalithi ye-ingot eluhlaza, isilawuli se-trace element, kanye nokuphindaphindeka kwenqubo yokusakaza kuchaza ukusebenza kwengxenye yokugcina. Ukuthola okuvela ku-Foundry enerekhodi eliqinisekisiwe kuma-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt akunakuxoxisana ngezingxenye ezibalulekile. Udinga izitifiketi, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, udinga ubufakazi bokulawulwa kwenqubo—amarekhodi amaningi okushisa, izingobo zomlando ze-micrograph, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwemishini engaguquki.
Yilapho isithunzi somsebenzi osekuyisikhathi eside sibalulekile khona. Inkampani esebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-30, njengoba i-QSY yenze njalo, kungenzeka izulazule amashifu amaningi e-supply chain futhi yalungisa izimiso zayo zokuthola nokucubungula. Cishe babonile ukuthi kwenzekani uma iqoqo lezinto ezibonakalayo lingacacisiwe futhi banezinhlelo zokulibamba ngaphambi kokuba libe inkinga yakho. Kumsebenzisi wokugcina, lokhu kuqina okungemuva kwesigcawu yilokho okukhokhela ngempela, hhayi nje ukusakaza ngokomzimba.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuxoxa ngezinye izindlela. Ngezinye izikhathi, iphrojekthi ingase iqale nge-Stellite 12 ngenxa yokuthi igama elaziwayo, kodwa ngemva kokuhlaziya izindleko, isikhathi sokuhola, kanye nezimo eziqondile zesevisi, into ehlukile ingase ibe yehle kakhulu. Kungaba ibanga elihlukile le-Stellite? Ingxubevange ye-hardfacing esekelwe ku-iron? Ukufakwa kwe-ceramic? Uzakwethu omuhle wezobuchwepheshe kufanele akwazi ukuba naleyo ngxoxo, hhayi nje ukuthi yebo ekucacisweni kokuqala. Ukunamathela ngobumpumputhe ekubizeni okubalulekile ngaphandle kokuhlaziya kuyize.
Imicabango yokuphetha evela kuWorkshop Floor
Ngakho-ke, yini iphuzu elibalulekile ku-Stellite 12? I-alloy ewusizo kakhulu, enemisebenzi eminingi uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele. Inani layo lisezicini zayo ezilinganiselwe, kodwa leyo bhalansi iphinde isho ukuthi ayiyena umpetha omkhulu kunoma yisiphi isigaba esisodwa. Impumelelo nayo incike ezintweni ezintathu: ukufaniswa okunembayo kwesicelo, izinqubo zokusungulwa kochwepheshe kanye nezinqubo zokuwenza, kanye nendlela edidiyelwe kusukela ekuklanyeni ukuya engxenyeni eqediwe.
Ukuyibona njengento eqinile nje kuyiphutha elikhulu. Kufanele uhloniphe umjikelezo wayo wokuphila wonke—indlela esakazwa ngayo, ukuthi isikwa kanjani, ukuthi iziphatha kanjani ngaphansi kwezindlela ezithile zokugqoka. Izinkampani ezihlale zilethela izingxenye ezithembekile ze-Stellite 12 yilezo, njenge-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, ezakhe ulwazi olujulile, olusebenzayo kuwo wonke umkhakha wokulingisa nomshini, ezingaphathi okubalulekile njengempahla kodwa njengesixazululo sobunjiniyela esikhethekile esinobuntu baso kanye nezinselele zayo.
Ekugcineni, izinto ezinjengalezi zingamathuluzi. Futhi izingcweti ezingcono kakhulu aziqondi nje ukuthi ithuluzi libizwa kanjani, kodwa ncamashi ukuthi lizizwa kanjani esandleni, ukuthi liphendula kanjani ngaphansi kwengcindezi, nokuthi imingcele yalo ikuphi ngempela. Lokho kuqonda kuvela kuphela ekusebenzeni ngesikhathi, kukho kokubili ukunqoba futhi, ngokungananazi, engxenyeni eshiyiwe ngezikhathi ezithile ekufundisa lokho okungafanele ukwenze ngokuzayo.
