Samfurin juriya mai girma baya farawa da shirin CNC ko simintin gyare-gyare. Yana farawa da yanke shawara: yin haɗin gwiwa tare da ma'aikatar masana'antar mashin ɗin daidaitaccen mashin da ke kula da kwanciyar hankali, daidaiton ƙarfe, da amincin aiki ba a matsayin maƙasudi ba-amma a matsayin waɗanda ba za a iya sasantawa ba.
Mun ga ayyuka da yawa sun tsaya tsayin daka a matakin samfuri-ba daga ƙira mara kyau ba, amma daga ikon aiwatar da bai dace ba. Wani abokin ciniki a Jamus ya taɓa aiko mana da zanen da aka gyara don gidan famfo na AMS 5387 cobalt alloy bayan yunƙurin gaza uku a wani wuri. Batun ba shine kiran kira na haƙuri ba (± 0.01 mm akan mahimmin ɓarna) ko ƙarewar ƙasa (Ra 0.4 µm). Ya kasance hargitsi na zafi yayin maganin zafi - ba a sarrafa shi a cikin abubuwan da suka gabata, ganuwa har sai an duba CMM na ƙarshe. Shi ke nan lokacin da muka gane: babban haƙuri ba kawai game da lambobi masu ƙarfi ba ne. Yana da game da sarrafa kowane mai canzawa wanda ke motsa waɗannan lambobi.
Haɗin Kai Tsaye Shine Layin Farko na Kula da Haƙuri
Yawancin masu samarwa suna fitar da simintin gyare-gyare, injina, ko kammalawa. Wannan yana haifar da musaya daban-daban guda uku-da dama guda uku don jujjuyawar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa, kuskuren sake ɗaurewa, ko daidaitattun bayanai. A wurin da ya dace da ISO a Qingdao, simintin simintin gyare-gyare na cobalt-nickel yana tafiya daga ƙirar saka hannun jari zuwa injin axis da yawa ba tare da barin bene na samarwa ba. Muna injin matsugunan silinda kai tsaye daga simintin simintin da ya dace da tsarin-babu saitin na biyu, babu motsin datum. Don abubuwan famfo famfo na piston da ke buƙatar maida hankali a ƙarƙashin 0.008 mm a fadin tsayin 300 mm, wannan ci gaba yana yanke kuskuren tarawa da sama da 60% tare da hannun mai siyarwa na jeri.
Wannan ba ka'idar ba ce. A cikin wani aikin gonakin mai na Arewacin Amurka, mun isar da gawawwakin bawul ɗin matsa lamba 127-duk a cikin ± 0.005 mm akan diamita na wurin zama, duk ana iya gano su zuwa zafi ɗaya na ƙwararrun gami da T800. yaya? Saboda ƙungiyar masana'antar mu tana daidaita yawan zafin jiki dangane da narkar da narke na ainihi, masana'antun mu suna amfani da bincike-bincike don rama lalacewan kayan aiki kafin ya kai 0.002 mm, kuma dakin binciken ilimin mu yana tabbatar da kowane ƙima da buƙatun ASME Y14.5 GD&T-ba kawai ƙima ba.
Kwarewar Superalloy yana nufin Sanin abin da Spec ɗin bai Fada ba
AMS 5387 ba kawai "mai wuyar inji bane." Matsakaicin ƙarfin aikin sa ya ƙaru sama da 350 HB. Daidaitaccen kayan aikin carbide karaya; Katsewar kwararar mai sanyaya yana haifar da yadudduka na sake watsawa. Wasu shagunan suna amsawa tare da ciyarwa a hankali da kuma cire haja mai nauyi-sannan ka yi mamakin dalilin da yasa sassan ke jujjuyawa cikin sauƙin damuwa.
Ba ma ɗaukar allunan cobalt a matsayin keɓantacce. Muna ɗaukar su azaman ma'auni masu aiki. Laburaren kayan aikin mu ya haɗa da na'urorin PCD-tipped don T800 nozzles, ƙwanƙwasa-ƙarshen da aka yi wa cryo don ci gaba da slotting a cikin matosai na AMS 5387, da dabarun daidaitawa waɗanda ke kula da nauyin guntu a cikin 5% a duk faɗin kauri na bango daban-daban. Mafi mahimmanci: muna tabbatar da kowane ƙarfin ƙarfin zafi da girman hatsi * kafin * fara aikin injin - ba bayan haka ba. Saboda karkacewar kashi 2% a cikin abun ciki na cobalt yana canza haɓakar zafi da isa ya karya tsangwama na 0.012 mm.
- AMS 5387 sassa injina tare da sub-0.003 mm maimaitawa a fadin batches guda 50
- T800 alloy cibiyar shaft rollers cimma Ra 0.25 µm ingancin saman ba tare da bayan-machining polishing
- Cobalt alloy nozzles yana wucewa 100% ultrasonic dubawa don porosity na ciki-har ma a kauri na bango na 12 mm
Ba a Duba Ingancin A ciki ba - Injiniyoyi ne a ciki
Wasu masana'antu suna gudanar da bincike-bincike na farko. Muna gudanar da bincike na farko-*material*. Kowane nada, mashaya, ko ingot yana zuwa tare da cikakkun rahotannin gwajin niƙa. Muna bincikar sinadarai ta hanyar OES spectroscopy, muna tabbatar da ƙananan tsarin ta hanyar bincike na sashe, da taswirar tauri a cikin sassan giciye. Me yasa? Saboda “certified” AMS 5387 billet na iya har yanzu nuna 15% bambancin taurin daga saman zuwa ainihin-isa ya jefar da tsinkayar rayuwar kayan aiki da haifar da saura damuwa.
CMM ɗinmu ba a yin fakin a cikin ɗakin da ake sarrafa yanayi. An haɗa shi cikin tantanin na'ura - yana auna zagaye * tsakanin* roughing da ƙarewa. Masu kwatancen gani suna duba daidaiton zaren gubar akan majalissar filogi yayin da sassan ke ci gaba da dumi, suna ɗaukar halayen haɓakar zafi. Binciken ƙarshe ya haɗa da gwajin aiki: bawul ɗin matsa lamba suna jurewa 1.5 × rated hydraulic hold for 30 minutes; winch shafts suna jujjuya a 2,200 RPM akan ma'aunin daidaita ma'auni.
Ganowa ba akwati ba ne. Sarkar ce: lambar zafin kayan abu → jefa kuri'a → sigar shirin CNC → ID na ma'aikaci → ID rahoton CMM → yawan jigilar kaya. Idan abokin ciniki ya ba da alamar rashin daidaituwa, muna sake gina duk hanyar aiwatarwa a cikin ƙasa da mintuna 90-ba kwanaki ba.
Amintaccen Isarwa na Gaskiya yana farawa Kafin PO
"Za ku iya yin wannan?" shine tambayar farko kuskure. "Mene ne fasalin haɗari mafi girma - kuma ta yaya za mu hana shi * kafin * yanke karfe?" shine daidai. Shi ya sa bitar aikin injiniyanmu ta haɗa da ingantaccen GD&T, ra'ayoyin masana'anta akan sassan bangon bakin ciki, da kwaikwaiyon maganin zafi don gurɓataccen yanayi. Muna ba da lamurra masu yuwuwa kamar sanyaya asymmetric a cikin tushe na famfo ko murƙushewa a cikin gidajen Silinda mai tsayi-kafin a samar da hanyar kayan aiki ta farko.
Muna isar da umarni na matsakaici (50-500 inji mai kwakwalwa) a cikin makonni 12-18 - ba saboda muna jinkiri ba, amma saboda muna damfara haɗari, ba lokaci ba. Jirgin samfuri a cikin makonni 4-6 tare da cikakkun fakitin bayanan dubawa. Babu mamaki. Babu madaukai na sake yin aiki. Kawai ɓangarorin da ke aiki kamar yadda aka ƙayyade, akan lokaci, a cikin kasuwannin duniya—daga OEMs na hydraulic a Wisconsin zuwa masu haɗa famfo na teku a cikin Singapore.
Ga injiniyoyi masu ƙayyadaddun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa inda ± 0.005 mm yana nufin bambanci tsakanin amincin hatimi da gazawar bala'i, haɗin gwiwa tare da masana'antar masana'antar mashin daidaici yana nufin zabar iko akan daidaitawa. Yana nufin amincewa cewa cobalt alloy ba kawai injina ba ne - an ƙware shi. Wannan juriyar ba a kore shi ba - an gina shi a ciki. Wannan kowane bangare yana ba da labari iri ɗaya: tabbaci na girma, amincin kayan aiki, shirye-shiryen aiki.
QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. yana aiki a wancan mahadar-inda hadaddun superalloy ya hadu da madaidaicin sikelin masana'antu. Ayyukan su sun tabbatar da cewa masana'antar juriya mai girma ba a ayyana ta da ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki kaɗai ba. An bayyana shi ta abin da ke faruwa tsakanin takardar shaidar albarkatun ƙasa da rahoton dubawa na ƙarshe. Kuma a nan ne ainihin abin dogara ya fara.
