Kuna buƙatar samfurori na ƙarfe na aiki-sauri, mai araha, kuma abin dogaro mai girma-ba tare da ƙaddamar da cikakken kayan aikin samarwa ba? A samfurin yashi simintin gyaran kafa gadoji wannan gibin. Amma ba duk abubuwan da aka samo ba suna isar da sauri, daidaito, ko amincin kayan aiki don ƙananan ƙarar gudu. Mun ga abokan ciniki suna ɓarna makonni 3-6-da dubunnan daloli-suna jiran simintin gyare-gyare waɗanda suka zo tare da ɓarnawar yaƙi, rashin ƙarfi, ko GD&T waɗanda kawai suke kamawa bayan injiniyoyi. Gyaran baya saurin jigilar kaya. Yana da ƙaƙƙarfan haɗin kai tsakanin ƙirar simintin gyare-gyare, gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare, da kuma tsarin awo daga rana ɗaya.
Me yasa Yashi Casting Har yanzu Yayi Nasara don Samfuran Karfe na Farko
Yashi simintin gyare-gyare ba fasaha ce ta gado ba - ita ce hanya mafi saurin amsawa, hanya mai tsada zuwa sassan ƙarfe na kusa da siffa mai ƙarancin kilogiram 100. Ba kamar simintin saka hannun jari ba, yana tsallake tsarin kakin zuma da harsashi yumbu. Ba kamar simintin gyare-gyaren mutuwa ba, yana sarrafa alluran cobalt, bakin karafa, da manyan siliki ba tare da tsadar kayan aiki ba. Tsarin sake amfani da shi guda ɗaya-CNC da aka yi daga aluminium ko itace mai rufaffen guduro-yana goyan bayan zub da samfur 5 zuwa 20. Lokacin jagora ya sauka zuwa kwanaki 10-18. Samfuran kayan abu ya kasance mai girma: ASTM A48 Class 30 baƙin ƙarfe launin toka, ASTM A197 malleable baƙin ƙarfe, ASTM A27 LCC carbon karfe, har ma da AMS 5387 cobalt-nickel superalloy-duk castable tare da sarrafa ƙarfi da kuma bayan-zuba magani zafi.
Amma gudun ba shi da ma'anar komai idan simintin gyare-gyaren ya karkata yayin sanyaya ko ya gaza tabbatar da girman girma a tashar CMM. Wannan shine inda yawancin shagunan "samfurin" suka gaza. Suna ɗaukar simintin yashi azaman tsari na tsaye-ba azaman kumburin farko a cikin sarkar masana'anta ba. Mun auna har zuwa 0.8 mm na ƙawancen da ba zato ba tsammani a cikin gyare-gyaren kore-yashi mara ƙarfi don gidaje masu famfo. Tushen dalili? Rashin daidaituwar matsa lamba, sauye-sauyen yanayi, kuma babu ainihin lokacin sa ido kan motsi. Gyara abin da ke buƙatar horo na ƙasa-ba kawai simintin software ba.
Abin da Ya Rarraba Samfurin Nau'in Nau'in Gaskiyar Yashi Daga Babban Kafa
A sadaukar samfurin yashi simintin gyaran kafa yana aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙuntatawa guda uku waɗanda ba za a iya sasantawa ba: ganowa, maimaitawa, da amsawa. Ba girma ba. Ba mafi ƙarancin farashi ba. Ga yadda hakan ke gudana a aikace:
- Abubuwan gano abu yana farawa daga narkewa: Kowane tsari yana ɗauke da ingantattun rahotannin gwajin niƙa (MTRs), rajistan ayyukan tanderu, da bincike na gani. Babu lakabin “gaba ɗaya alloy”. Don abubuwan haɗin tushen cobalt na T800, muna tabbatar da abun ciki na cobalt a cikin ± 0.3%, chromium a cikin ± 0.2%, da carbon a cikin ± 0.02% - ba kawai yarda da AMS 5387 ba, amma daidaito tsakanin zubewa.
- Girman sarrafawa yana farawa kafin zubawa: Muna amfani da sikanin 3D na gani akan kowane tsari da akwatin ainihin-ba kawai simintin gyare-gyare na ƙarshe ba. Idan zanen famfo na piston ya yi kira ga ± 0.15 mm akan daidaitawa, muna tabbatar da tsarin daftarin tsarin, saitin layin rabuwa, da ainihin wurin buga * kafin * yashi ya cika.
- Ana rufe madaukai na martani a cikin sa'o'i, ba kwanaki ba: Lokacin da abokin ciniki ya ba da GD&T-nauyin bawul ɗin zane, ƙungiyar injiniyoyinmu suna dawo da bayanan ƙira-ciki har da shawarwarin gating, sakawa riser, da alawus ɗin hannun jarin machining-a cikin sa'o'in kasuwanci 48. Babu jira masu ba da shawara na simintin gyare-gyare na waje.
Wasu na iya jayayya cewa simintin yashi ba zai iya ɗaukar haƙuri mai ƙarfi ba. Amma muna riƙe ± 0.25 mm akai-akai akan mahimman siffofi kamar flange bolt da'irori da ramukan shaft-har ma akan jikin bawul ɗin ruwa mai tsayin mm 450-ta yin amfani da yashi mai ɗaure mai ƙarfi, ƙwaƙƙwan ƙura mai ƙyalli, da taimako bayan-shakeout. Bambancin ba sihiri ba ne. An ƙididdige sigogin tsari, kayan aikin ƙira, da injiniyoyi waɗanda suka jefa sassan masana'antu 12,000+ tun daga 2015.
Fitowar Duniya ta Haƙiƙa: Abin da A zahiri kuke karɓa
Lokacin da kuke aiki da masana'antar simintin yashi na gaskiya, ba za ku sami ɗanyen simintin gyare-gyare da lissafin kaya ba. Kuna samun ingantacciyar ɓangaren shirye-shiryen na'ura-tare da cikakkun takardu. Kowane kaya ya haɗa da:
- Rahoton da aka rattaba hannu yana nuna ma'auni na CMM akan zanenku, tare da lambar wucewa/ gazawar yanayin kowane fasali.
- Hotunan saman simintin gyare-gyare-yana haskaka duk wani ƙaramin porosity ko walƙiya wanda ya faɗi cikin sharuɗɗan karɓar ASTM A601
- Rubutun maganin zafi (idan an ƙayyade), gami da lokacin jiƙa, ƙimar zafin jiki, da bayanan yanayin tanderu
- Takaddun shaida na kayan aiki tare da cikakken abun da ke tattare da sinadaran da sakamakon gwajin injina (ƙarfin ƙarfi, yawan amfanin ƙasa, elongation, taurin)
Wannan ba aikin injiniya ba ne. Yana da rage haɗari. Ɗaya daga cikin famfo OEM na Arewacin Amurka ya guje wa filin tunawa da $ 220,000 saboda binciken da aka riga aka yi jigilar kaya ya kama haɗin ƙasa a cikin bututun AMS 5387 - wanda ake iya gani kawai a cikin zubo na uku na nau'in nau'in samfurin kashi biyar. Wannan matakin binciken yana aiki ne kawai lokacin da simintin gyare-gyare, NDT, da metrology ke zaune a ƙarƙashin rufin ɗaya.
Matakai na gaba: Yadda Ake Fara Gudun Samfurinku Dama
Fara da zanenku-ba kasafin kuɗin ku ba. Aika mana fayil ɗin STEP ko IGES tare da kiran GD&T, ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki, da buƙatun aiki (misali, “dole ne hatimi a mashaya 350 ba tare da nakasu ba”). Za mu ba da amsa tare da cikakken rahoton DFM, lokacin jagora, da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima-ba rajista, babu NDAs da ake buƙata gaba. Our ISO-compliant makaman a Qingdao goyon bayan m low-girma karfe sassa daga 2 kg zuwa 85 kg, tare da cikakken CNC machining, zafi magani, da kuma surface karewa samuwa a cikin gida. Idan aikace-aikacenku yana buƙatar allunan cobalt-nickel, mutuncin matsa lamba, ko ƙarami mai maimaitawa, fara da horon simintin gyare-gyare-kada ku daidaita.
Ga injiniyoyin da ke gina tsarin ruwa, kayan mai & iskar gas, ko ingantattun abubuwan abin hawa, dama samfurin yashi simintin gyaran kafa ba ya yin sassa kawai. Yana tabbatar da manufar ƙira-kafin ka yanke kayan aikin samarwa na farko.
