Mukamva '420 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri', chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo ndi 'mipeni'. Ndipo simukulakwitsa, koma ndipamenenso kuphweka kumayambira. M'dziko loyambira ndi makina, kuchitira 420 ngati 'kalasi yodula' ndi njira yachangu yothanirana ndi mavuto. Ndi martensitic zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi zolimba, koma mawonekedwe omwewo ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse. Ndawona mapulojekiti ochuluka kwambiri omwe amatchula 420 chifukwa chakuti linali dzina lodziwika, osamvetsetsa bwino momwe amachitira komanso pambuyo pake. Kusiyana pakati pa zinthu zake zongoyerekeza ndi zenizeni zakusintha masheya kapena bar kukhala gawo lomalizidwa ndipamene ntchito yeniyeni - ndi maphunziro osangalatsa - zimachitika.
The Hardenability Reality ndi Machining Mutu
Tiyeni tikambirane zapakati pa 420: 12-14% chromium yake yokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira (pafupifupi 0.15% min) kulola kuumitsa. Pa pepala, mumatenthedwa ndi kutentha ndipo mumapeza kukana kovala bwino komanso mphamvu. M'malo mwake, makamaka pakupanga ndalama zomwe kampani yanga, QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., imakhazikika kwambiri, mawonekedwe a as-cast ndi ofunikira. Ngati simukuwongolera kuziziritsa kuchokera pakutsanulira, mutha kupeza austenite yosungidwa mopitilira muyeso kapena mapangidwe osagwirizana a carbide. Izi zimabweretsa kuuma kosagwirizana pambuyo pake, ziribe kanthu momwe kutentha kwanu kumayendera bwino. Tinaphunzira izi koyambirira ndi gulu la zigawo za valve. Zomwe zidayitanira HRC 48-52 zitaumitsa komanso kupsa mtima. Tili ndi chilichonse kuyambira 44 mpaka 55 kudutsa gulu lomwelo. Wolakwa? Pang'ono, pafupifupi kusiyana kocheperako mu makulidwe a khoma la ma castings omwe asintha kuchuluka kwa kulimba. Tsamba la deta silimakuchenjezani za izo.
Ndiye pakubwera makina. 420 pre-hardened ndi abrasive. Imakonda kugwira ntchito molimbika. Mukuganiza kuti mukudula bwino, ndipo mwadzidzidzi chida chanu chikuyaka chifukwa zinthuzo zidangokulirakulirapo. Timachita zambiri CNC makina m'nyumba pamalo athu (mutha kuwona zina mwazochita zathu pa https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), ndipo 420 amafuna ulemu. Zida za geometry, zokutira, ndi mitengo yazakudya sizabwino chabe pano; iwo ndi kusiyana pakati pa ntchito yopindulitsa ndi kuchotsa gulu lonse la zodula zodula. Kusankha koziziritsa komanso kuyenda kumakhala malo olankhulirana akuluakulu pashopu. Sizinthu za 'set ndi kuiwala' ngati zitsulo zofatsa.
Ndikukumbukira ntchito yokonza chakudya. Wogulayo ankafuna kuti m'mphepete mwake mukhale ndi nthawi yayitali. Tidapereka malingaliro 420, koma anali ndi bajeti yolimba ndipo amafuna ntchito yocheperako pambuyo pake. Tinayesetsa kupereka ma castings pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a ukonde momwe tingathere kuti tichepetse mtengo wamakina. Kusuntha koyipa. Kuchepa pang'ono ndi kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kuchokera pakuponyera kumatanthauza kuti njira yoyamba yopangira makina inali yosagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale macheza komanso kusakwanira bwino. Tidayenera kuwonjezera yunifolomu yopangira makina okhwima ndi kuyeretsa chisanachitike mphesa yomaliza, yomwe idadya phindu koma idapereka gawolo. Phunziro: ndi 420, nthawi zina simungathe kudumpha masitepe kuti mupulumutse mtengo. Zinthuzo zidzakupangitsani kulipira pambuyo pake.
Kukaniza Corrosion: Malingaliro Olakwika Osapanga dzimbiri
Ichi ndi chachikulu. Anthu amawona 'osapanga' ndikuganiza kuti ndi 304 kapena 316. Sichoncho. 420 ili ndi kutsika kochepa kwambiri kwa dzimbiri. Chromium imapezeka makamaka pakuuma, osati kupanga wosanjikiza wokhazikika. M'malo owononga pang'ono, monga momwe mumadziwira kapena kukhudzana ndi madzi mwa apo ndi apo, zili bwino. Koma ikani nthawi zonse kukhudzana ndi ma chloride kapena zidulo, ndipo imawona ndikugwera. Tidali ndi kasitomala mumakampani apanyanja omwe amafuna 420 pacholumikizira chaching'ono, champhamvu kwambiri. Iwo anali m’malo mwa chitsulo cha carbon chomwe chimachita dzimbiri mofulumira kwambiri. Gawo la 420 linatenga nthawi yaitali, koma m'chaka chimodzi, linawonetsa kuphulika. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo, 17-4 PH kapena 316 yokhala ndi kuumitsa koyenera kukanakhala bwinoko, koma mtengo wakutsogolo udawawopseza. Tidaphunzira kukhala ndi zokambirana zowononga patsogolo, nthawi iliyonse, ngakhale zitanthauza kukankhira kumbuyo zomwe zidasankhidwa poyamba.
Kukana kwa dzimbiri kumadaliranso kwambiri kumapeto kwa pamwamba. Malo opukutidwa bwino a 420 azichita bwino kwambiri kuposa opangidwa mwankhanza kapena ngati oponyedwa. Izi zikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi athu chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi kuponya ndalama njira. Ndi kuponya ndalama, titha kukwaniritsa bwino kwambiri pamwamba pa nkhungu, zomwe zimapereka poyambira bwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuyeretsa pamwamba. Chifukwa chake kusankha njira yoponya yokha kumatha kukhudza momwe gawo lomaliza limagwirira ntchito pazowonongeka, zomwe sizikuwonekeratu mukamangoyang'ana patebulo lazinthu zakuthupi.
Pambuyo-kuwotcherera kapena pambuyo-kutentha-mankhwala, kukana dzimbiri kumatenganso kugunda ngati mulibe bwino pickle ndi passivate. Sitimangotumiza zida zothira kutentha popanda sitepe iyi. Ndi mtengo wowonjezera, koma kulumpha kumatanthauza kuti gawolo likhoza kuchita dzimbiri podutsa kapena posungira, zomwe zikuwoneka ngati zopanda ntchito. Ndi njira zing'onozing'ono, zosawoneka bwino zomwe zimatanthawuza khalidwe pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi magiredi ngati 420.
Kugwira ntchito ndi Alloy Variations ndi Sourcing
420 si chinthu chimodzi chokha. Pali 420, 420F (yokhala ndi sulfure yowonjezera kuti itheke), ndi mitundu 420J2 yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyana ya kaboni. The 420F ndi loto kwa makina poyerekeza muyezo 420, koma weldability ake ndi osauka ndi sulfide inclusions akhoza kukhala mfundo kufooka kwa kutopa kapena dzimbiri. Muyenera kufananiza kusinthika kwa ntchito. Kwa kuponyedwa kovutirapo, kocheperako komwe kumafunika kokulirapo CNC makina, titha kukankhira 420F ndi chilolezo cha kasitomala, kufotokozera zamalonda. Kumbali ina yomwe ikufunika kulimba mtima, titha kusiya kalasi ya 'F'.
Kupeza zinthu zosasinthika ndi luso lina losawoneka bwino. Pazaka 30 mubizinesi iyi, tapanga ubale ndi mphero ndi ogulitsa omwe timawakhulupirira. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa kusungunula koyera ndi konyansa kwa 420 ndi kwakukulu kwa kutayika ndi kukhulupirika komaliza. Zonyansa zimatha kuyambitsa kung'ambika kotentha panthawi yolimba kapena zosapanga zitsulo zomwe zimakhala zolephera. Tikagula zinthu zopangira zitsulo zotayira, sikuti tikungogula '420 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri'; tikulongosola mchitidwe wosungunula ndikupempha ma satifiketi a mphero omwe timawunika. Ndi mulingo wakhama womwe umalekanitsa gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito ndi lomwe limalephera m'munda.
Kuyang'ana uku pa kukhulupirika kwakuthupi ndikofunikira pa momwe QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. imagwira ntchito. Kaya ndi 420, zina chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri magiredi, kapena ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala timagwiranso ntchito, filosofi ndi yofanana: kumvetsetsa mzimu wa zinthu, osati manambala ake okha. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za njira yathu yopangira zinthu patsamba lathu, tsngtaocnc.com. Ndi maziko awa omwe amatilola kuti tigwire ntchito zachinyengo molimba mtima.
Nthawi Yoyenera Kusankha 420 (Ndi Nthawi Yoti Muchoke)
Ndiye, pambuyo pamutu wonsewu womwe ungakhalepo, bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito 420 konse? Chifukwa ikakwanira, ndi njira yotsika mtengo. Ndiabwino kwambiri pamagawo omwe amafunikira kusakanikirana kolimba kwa dzimbiri komanso kuuma kwakukulu/kulimba komwe kulipidwa kwamagiredi ngati 440C kapena 17-4 PH sikuli koyenera. Ganizirani za mapampu, zomangira ma valve, zida zopangira opaleshoni (komwe zimatha kupukutidwa kwambiri), inde, mipeni ndi masamba ena omwe sangawone malo owopsa amankhwala. Katundu wake wa maginito ndiwofunikanso pazinthu zina.
Matrix osankha kwa ife nthawi zambiri amapita motere: Kodi gawolo liyenera kukhala lovuta? (Inde). Kodi idzangoona dzimbiri pang'ono kapena kukhala pamalo otetezedwa? (Inde). Kodi geometry ndi yoyenera kuwongolera kutentha kuti zisasokonezeke? (Zovuta). Kodi bajeti ili ndi chidwi? (Nthawi zambiri). Ngati mabokosi ambiri afufuzidwa, 420 ndi mpikisano wamphamvu. Kenako timakhala ndi zokambirana zaukadaulo zamapangidwe opangira (magawo a yunifolomu, ma radii owolowa manja), njira yamakina, ndi zowunikira za kutentha tisanatchule. Izi zimalepheretsa zodabwitsa.
Ndasiya ntchito zonena za 420 pazigawo zapansi pamadzi kapena magawo a mapampu opangira mankhwala. Si chinthu chonyada; ndi kudziwa malire a zinthu. Kukankhira zinthu ku pulogalamu yomwe sikuyenera kuyimbira foni, kuwononga mbiri, komanso makasitomala osasangalala. Nthawi zina, ntchito yabwino kwambiri yomwe mungapereke ndikuti, Izi sizoyenera, ndipo chifukwa chake.
Kuvina kwa Kuchiza Kutentha
Simungathe kuyankhula za 420 popanda kudumphira mozama mu kutentha kutentha. Ndi sitepe yodzipangira kapena yopuma. Kutentha kwamphamvu, kuzimitsa sing'anga (mafuta ndi okhazikika), komanso kutenthetsa si maphikidwe omwe mumakoka m'buku. Ndi poyambira. Zosintha zenizeni zimasunthika kutengera kuchuluka kwa gawo, makulidwe a gawo, komanso mbiri yakale yamakina. Mwachitsanzo, gawo lomwe lili ndi zovuta zamakina zimafunikira mpumulo wa kupsinjika musanayambe kulimba ndi kupsya mtima, kapena limatha kupindika kwambiri.
Timachita chithandizo chathu cham'nyumba chifukwa cha ntchito zovuta chifukwa timafunikira kuwongolera. Pagulu lamasamba olondola kwambiri, tapeza kuti kupsa mtima pawiri - zomwe sizimafunika nthawi zonse - zidasintha kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe. Kupsa mtima koyamba mukatha kuzimitsa kumachepetsa kupsyinjika kwakukulu, koma kachiwiri, kupsya mtima pang'ono kumawoneka kuti kumathetsa kuuma ndi kuthetsa nkhawa zambiri zotsalira kuchokera kuzimitsa komweko. Zotsatira zake zinali zochepa kuyenda panthawi yomaliza ya micro-akupera. Ndi ma nuances awa omwe mumapeza pamagulu mazanamazana.
Kuyang'anira ndikofunika. Timatsata kutentha kwa ng'anjo ndi masensa odziyimira pawokha, osati kungowerengera zowongolera. Kuzimitsa mafuta kutentha ndi mukubwadamuka amalamulidwa. Zikumveka zomveka, koma ndawonapo masitolo pomwe thanki yozimitsa ili pakona ndipo kutentha kwamafuta kumayenda ndi nyengo. Simupeza zotsatira zofananira ndi 420 mwanjira imeneyo. Kusiyana pakati pa gawo langwiro, lowoneka bwino ndi lopindika, losweka nthawi zambiri limangokhala madigiri 50 pakuzimitsa kapena mphindi 15 motalika kwambiri mung'anjo yotentha kwambiri.
Pamapeto pake, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 420 ndi chida. Chodziwika kwambiri. Zimafuna kuti dokotala amvetsetse—kulemekeza zolakwa zake, kudziwa malire ake, ndi njira yosamala kuti adziwe zomwe angathe. Sizinthu zawamba kapena zothamangitsidwa. Koma mukamakonza bwino, kuponyako kukakhala komveka, makinawo amakhala oyera, ndipo malo opangira kutentha, amapereka gawo lolimba, logwira ntchito lomwe limagwira ntchito momwe zikufunikira. Ndiko kukhutitsidwa komwe kumakusungani mumasewerawa, kulingalira kuvina pakati pa zitsulo, ndondomeko, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, gulu limodzi panthawi.
