Mukamva 'machining a alloy precision', malingaliro ambiri amalumphira molunjika kumakina — CNC yaposachedwa kwambiri ya 5-axis, sub-micron tolerances. Ndilo gawo la izo, zedi, koma ndi gawo lophweka. Nkhani yeniyeni imayamba kale njira yopangira zida, ndi zinthu zomwezo. Ndawona ntchito zambiri zikupunthwa chifukwa wina adayitanitsa chipika cha Inconel 718 kapena Hastelloy C-276 akuganiza kuti ndi 'chitsulo cholimba' basi. Si. Ndi chilombo chosiyana kwathunthu, ndipo kuchikonza ndi kukambirana, osati lamulo.
Maziko: Zimayamba ndi Kuponya
Simungalankhule za kukonza ma aloyi achilendo osalankhula za momwe mumapezera. Billet yabwino kuchokera ku mphero ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma zinthu zambiri zovuta, makamaka kwa mafakitale monga ma valve kapena makina a turbo, amayamba ngati zoponya. Apa ndipamene ubale pakati pa opeza ndi makina ogulitsa makina umakhala wovuta. Kuponyera kosayendetsedwa bwino, kosagwirizana ndi tirigu kapena micro-porosity yobisika, idzawononga zida zanu ndi ndondomeko yanu ngakhale makina anu ali abwino bwanji.
Ndimakumbukira ntchito zaka zingapo mmbuyo, nyumba zingapo zamapampu mu duplex zosapanga dzimbiri. Zisindikizo zinafunika aloyi mwatsatanetsatane Machining pa nkhope zonse zosindikizira. Zojambulazo zidabwera kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe amayang'ana kwambiri pamtengo, osati ndondomeko. Zowoneka, zinali zabwino. Koma m'zaka zoyambirira za nyengo yozizira, tidafika pachimake chamchenga. Kenako wina. Zolembazo zidakhala ngati zopusa. Tidakhala nthawi yochulukirapo kuyang'ana ndikuwotcherera / kukonza zoyikapo kuposa kuzipanga. Phunzirolo linali lankhanza: luso lanu lopanga makina limayendetsedwa ndi mtundu wanu wazinthu zopangira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ntchito zophatikizika zili ndi malire. Kampani yomwe imayang'anira zonse zoponya ndi makina, monga Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., akhoza kugwirizanitsa ndondomeko kuyambira pachiyambi. Zaka makumi atatu mu zipolopolo ndi kupanga ndalama zikutanthauza kuti akupanga gawo la kupanga kuchokera pagawo lachitsanzo, chomwe ndi chiyambi chachikulu cha makina.
Synergy iyi siyingakambirane ma aloyi apadera. Ndi cobalt kapena ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala, omwe nthawi zambiri amaponyedwa m'mawonekedwe apafupi kuti apulumutse pamtengo wowopsa wa zinthu zomwe zidawonongeka, kukhulupirika kwake ndi chilichonse. Chilema chilichonse chamkati chimakhala chosungira pansi pa mphero ya $200.
Kuvina kwa Zida: Palibe Njira Yapadziko Lonse
Palibe giredi yamatsenga ya 'super-alloy'. Aliyense amene amanena kuti akugulitsa chinachake. Kupanga alloy ya nickel-based alloy monga Inconel 625 ndi dziko losiyana ndi kuthana ndi cobalt-chrome alloy monga Stellite 6. Zakale zogwirira ntchito zimakhala ngati zopenga, zomwe zimafuna nthawi zonse, kuchitapo kanthu mwaukali kuti zilowe pansi pa wosanjikiza wouma. Chotsatiracho chimakhala chokhudza kuvala kwa abrasive; izo zimangopera pang'onopang'ono mbali yanu yodula mpaka ku nub.
Tinaphunzira izi kupyolera mu kuyesa ndi zolakwika zodula. Pamipando yambiri ya ma valve ku Stellite, tinayamba ndi carbide yathu yogwira ntchito kwambiri pazitsulo za nickel. Zida zinatha pafupifupi mphindi 15. Kusinthidwa kukhala giredi yokhala ndi gawo lolimba kwambiri, losamva ma abrasion komanso kukonzekera m'mphepete mwakuthwa. Moyo unachuluka katatu. Zikumveka zophweka poyang'ana m'mbuyo, koma kusinthako kunkafunika kusintha maganizo: sitinali kudula, tinali ngati kuphulika kolamulidwa. Kuthamanga kozizira ndi kutumiza kumakhala kofunika kwambiri panonso. Dongosolo lozungulira-lozungulira si chinthu chapamwamba; ndi njira yokhayo yopewera kutentha ndikutsuka tchipisi ta abrasive.
Kukonzekera kumafunikanso ngati chida. Kusasunthika sikungolimbikitsa; ndi lamulo. Kulankhula kulikonse mu aloyi ya cobalt sikungowononga mapeto, kudzayambitsa mng'alu womwe ungathe kufalitsa. Timagwiritsa ntchito zida za monolithic zokha pomaliza ntchito, popanda ma collet chucks. Mtengo wowonjezera ndiwopanda ntchito poyerekeza ndi kuchotsa gawo lomwe lakhala ndi maola 20 a makina omwe adamiramo.
Kuthamanga ndi Kukhazikika: Kugulitsa Kwamuyaya
Kudyetsa mabuku ndi liwiro la zipangizozi nthawi zambiri ... ndi chiyembekezo. Kapena ndizoyenera, kuwongolera bwino, zida zamakina zatsopano. Pansi pa shopu, mumayimbanso. Ndikadakonda kuthamanga pa 70% ya SFM yongoyerekeza ndikupeza moyo wodziwikiratu, wodalirika wa maola 8 kuposa kukankhira kuchotsa zitsulo ndikukhala ndi chida cholephera kwambiri pa 3 AM. Consistency imachepetsa liwiro laiwisi mkati makina olondola. Cholinga ndi kugunda zakhumi (.0001) kulolerana pa bore, osati kupambana mpikisano wothamanga.
The Human Factor: Data ndi Mwachibadwa
CNC Machining ndi makina, koma aloyi kuthamanga si. Wolemba mapulogalamu amayenera kumvetsetsa momwe zinthu zilili, osati G-code yokha. Wogwira ntchitoyo akuyenera kumvetsera kudulidwa-kumveka kwa nickel alloy kuyamba kugwira ntchito mwakhama kumakhala ndi kulira kwapadera, komwe kumatanthauza kuti muyenera kusintha, tsopano. Mukuwona mtundu wa chip ndi mawonekedwe. Blue chips pa zosapanga dzimbiri? Kutentha kwambiri. Nthawi yayitali, tchipisi ta zingwe pa Inconel? Chophulitsa chip yanu sichikugwira ntchito; konzekerani zisa za mbalame ndikudulanso.
Apa ndipamene zokumana nazo zochokera kuzinthu zambiri zimapindula. Sitolo yomwe yagulitsa chilichonse, kuyambira chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo mpaka ma superalloy imapanga laibulale yachibadwa. Amadziwa kuti 316L yosapanga dzimbiri imakhala ndi chizolowezi cha 'gum up' pa chida, chomwe chimafuna mbali ina. Amadziwa kuti kutentha kwa titaniyamu alloy kuponyedwa musanayambe kukonza kumatha kuthetsa kupsinjika ndikupewa kupotoza pambuyo pakukonza. Izi sizili nthawi zonse mu bukhuli; zili mu chidziwitso chogawana pansi. Kampani ngati QSY, yokhala ndi mbiri yake mu chitsulo, chitsulo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi ma aloyi apadera, mwachionekere ali ndi chidziŵitso chozama choterocho cha fuko lopangidwa zaka zoposa 30. Ndi mtundu wa chinthu chomwe simungagule ndi makina atsopano.
Zolemba ndizofunikira, koma ndi zaumwini. Timasunga mapepala pa ntchito iliyonse ya alloy-osati magawo omaliza opambana, komanso zoyesayesa zomwe zalephera. Kuyesera kuyika giredi XYZ, kudalephera pa 0.015 DOC chifukwa chopukutira. Cholemba chimenecho chimapulumutsa munthu wotsatirayo chikwi cha madola pakugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi maola anayi opumira.
Kulondola Pankhani: Mukupanga Chiyani Kwenikweni?
Kulondola si nambala yosawerengeka. Zimatanthauzidwa ndi ntchito ya gawolo. Tsamba la turbine litha kukhala ndi kulolerana pazithunzi zake za airfoil zomwe ndi zamisala, koma flange yokwera ikhoza kukhala yotayirira. Kulondola kwa gawo la valavu kumakhudza malo osindikizira ndi kukhazikika kwake; zina zingakhale zovuta kwambiri. Inu kugawa Machining wanu njira ndi kulolerana bajeti moyenerera.
Ndinkagwira ntchito yopangira pampu yopangira mankhwala, choyikapo chachikulu ku Hastelloy C-22. Kulekerera kwa dimensional pa vanes kunali kolimba, koma vuto lenileni linali kumaliza pamwamba pa ndime zamkati. Kubowola kulikonse kochokera ku zida zosagwiritsa ntchito bwino kumatha kukhala malo opangira dzimbiri ndi kuyambitsa ming'alu. Tidakhala nthawi yochulukirapo pakukhathamiritsa kwa zida zomaliza kuposa nthawi yonse yoyipa. The CNC makina Njirayi idamangidwa chamseri kuchokera ku chofunikira chomaliza cha umphumphu.
Apa ndipamene kuphatikiza kwa kuponyera ndi makina kumawonetsanso phindu lake. Ngati maziko atha kuyika malo osalala m'magawo ovuta amkati, ntchito ya makinawo imakhala yotheka. Ngati sangathe, mungakhale mukuyang'ana EDM kapena ngakhale kupukuta manja, zomwe zimawombera mtengo ndi nthawi yosiyana. Ndi vuto la machitidwe.
Pansi Pansi: Sinthani Zosintha
Pamapeto pa tsiku, wopambana aloyi mwatsatanetsatane Machining ili pafupi kuwongolera zosintha zambiri momwe mungathere. Mumayamba ndikuwongolera momwe zinthu ziliri komanso kusasinthika kwazinthu zopangira - kaya ndi masheya kapena zinthu zovuta kupanga. Mumawongolera njirayo posankha zida ndi magawo kutengera machitidwe ena a aloyi, osati mfundo wamba. Mumawongolera chilengedwe ndikukhazikitsa kolimba komanso kuziziritsa kogwira mtima. Ndipo mumawongolera zotsatira ndi anthu odziwa zambiri omwe amatha kutanthauzira deta ndikuchitapo kanthu.
Si ntchito yoyika-izo-ndi-kuyiwala-izo. Nthawi zonse pamakhala mtundu watsopano wa alloy, geometry yovuta kwambiri, kulolerana kolimba. Masitolo omwe amakhalapo, omwe angapereke modalirika gawo logwira ntchito kuchokera ku chosindikizira cha cobalt-based alloy, ndi omwe amalemekeza unyolo wonse, kuyambira kusungunuka mpaka kumapeto komaliza. Sangokhala eni ake makina; iwo eni ndondomeko. Ndipo njira imeneyo, moona, ndi yomwe mukulipira.
